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Fibrous Polymeric Composites: Environmental Degradation and Damage [Kõva köide]

(NIT Rourkela, INDIA), (National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India), (National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 222 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 435 g, 1 Tables, black and white; 126 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-May-2018
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1498784011
  • ISBN-13: 9781498784016
Teised raamatud teemal:
Fibrous Polymeric Composites: Environmental Degradation and DamageSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 222 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 435 g, 1 Tables, black and white; 126 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-May-2018
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1498784011
  • ISBN-13: 9781498784016
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781498784016.html
Märksõnad:

In the realm of fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials, the role of fibre/polymer interface/interphase in the overall properties of composite is widely acknowledged. The book will provide critical information regarding the in-service environmental damage and degradation studies of FRP composites. The readers will be able to identify the possible superior advantages and limitations of FRP composites in various simple and super critical applications. Further emphasis will be given on the identification of various failure micro-mechanisms leading to unprecedented failure in different harsh and hostile environment. The book will include the relevant case studies.

Preface xi
Authors xiii
1 Introduction
1(28)
1.1 Applications of Advanced Structural Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
1(8)
1.1.1 Aerospace
1(2)
1.1.2 Automotive and Railways
3(1)
1.1.3 Marine
4(1)
1.1.4 Infrastructure
5(2)
1.1.5 Some Other Special Applications
7(1)
1.1.5.1 NASA and Boeing Build and Test All-Composite Cryogenic Tank
7(1)
1.1.5.2 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Cylinders
7(1)
1.1.5.3 Wind Turbine
7(2)
1.2 Constituents of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
9(8)
1.2.1 Polymer Matrix
9(1)
1.2.1.1 Thermosetting Matrix
9(2)
1.2.1.2 Thermoplastic Matrix
11(1)
1.2.2 Reinforcements
12(1)
1.2.2.1 Glass Fibers
12(1)
1.2.2.2 Carbon Fibers
13(1)
1.2.2.3 Aramid Fibers
13(1)
1.2.2.4 Boron Fiber
14(1)
1.2.3 Interface
14(2)
1.2.4 Sizing
16(1)
1.3 Fabrication Techniques of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
17(3)
1.3.1 Hand Lay-Up Method
17(1)
1.3.2 Spray-Up Method
18(1)
1.3.3 Pultrusion
18(1)
1.3.4 Filament Winding
19(1)
1.3.5 Resin Transfer Molding
20(1)
1.4 Different In-Service Environments
20(9)
1.4.1 Environmental Factors
21(1)
1.4.1.1 Temperature
21(1)
1.4.1.2 Water or Moisture Absorption (Humidity)
21(1)
1.4.1.3 Ultraviolet Radiation and Other High Energy Radiations
21(1)
1.4.1.4 Low Earth Orbit
22(1)
1.4.1.5 Acid Rain
22(1)
1.4.2 In-Situ Environments during Various Applications of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
22(1)
1.4.2.1 Ageing of Composites in Marine Applications
22(1)
1.4.2.2 Ageing of Composites in Underwater Applications
22(1)
1.4.2.3 Ageing of Composites in Aerospace Applications
23(1)
1.4.2.4 Ageing of Composites in Oil and Chemical Industries
23(1)
1.4.2.5 Ageing of Composites in Structural Applications
24(1)
References
25(4)
2 Micro- and Macrocharacterization Techniques
29(6)
2.1 Introduction
29(1)
2.2 Static Mechanical Characterization
29(2)
2.2.1 Tensile Test
29(1)
2.2.2 Short Beam Shear Test
29(1)
2.2.3 Flexural Test
30(1)
2.3 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
31(1)
2.4 Scanning Electron Microscope
31(1)
2.5 Atomic Force Microscopy
32(1)
2.6 Differential Scanning Calorimetry Analysis
33(1)
2.7 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis
33(2)
References
34(1)
3 Temperature-Induced Degradations in Polymer Matrix Composites
35(16)
3.1 In-Situ Temperature Mechanical Performance
36(6)
3.1.1 Elevated Temperature Mechanical Performance
36(3)
3.1.2 Low and Cryogenic Mechanical Performance
39(3)
3.2 Effects of Thermal Cycling on Mechanical Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
42(3)
3.2.1 Thermal Shock Cycling
42(1)
3.2.2 Thermal Fatigue
43(2)
3.3 Effects of Fire Exposure on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
45(6)
References
47(4)
4 Moisture-Dominated Failure in Polymer Matrix Composites
51(28)
4.1 Background
51(1)
4.2 Theories and Models of Moisture Uptake Kinetics
52(11)
4.2.1 Fick's Model
53(3)
4.2.2 Langmuirian Diffusion Model
56(1)
4.2.3 Hindered Diffusion Model
57(4)
4.2.4 Dual-Stage Diffusion Model
61(2)
4.3 Factors Affecting Moisture Uptake Kinetics in Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
63(7)
4.3.1 Effect of Fiber
63(1)
4.3.2 Effect of Polymer Matrix
64(2)
4.3.3 Effect of Interface
66(1)
4.3.4 Effect of Temperature
67(3)
4.4 Fundamentals of Moisture-Induced Degradation Mechanisms
70(2)
4.5 Effect of Moisture on Interfacial Durability of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
72(7)
References
74(5)
5 Hygrothermal-Dominated Failure in Polymer Matrix Composites
79(6)
5.1 Introduction
79(1)
5.2 Freezing of Absorbed Moisture
79(1)
5.3 Effect of Loading Rate
80(1)
5.4 Effect of Hygrothermal Cycling
81(2)
5.4.1 Thermal Fatigue
81(1)
5.4.2 Relative Humidity Cycling
82(1)
5.5 Summary
83(2)
References
83(2)
6 Low Earth Orbit Space Environmental- and Other Environmental-Dominated Failure in Polymer Matrix Composites
85(10)
6.1 Effect of Ultraviolet Radiations on Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
85(3)
6.2 Effects of Vacuum Thermal Cycling
88(1)
6.3 Irradiation Induced Damages
88(2)
6.4 Effect of Atomic Oxygen
90(1)
6.5 Low Earth Orbit Space Environments
91(4)
References
92(3)
7 Loading Rate Sensitivity of Polymer Matrix Composites
95(20)
7.1 Introduction
95(1)
7.2 Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites in Tensile Loading under Different Strain Rates
96(7)
7.3 Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites in Compressive Loading under Different Strain Rates
103(3)
7.4 In-Plane Shear Behavior at Different Strain Rates
106(2)
7.5 Loading Rate Sensitivity of Environmentally Conditioned Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
108(7)
References
110(5)
8 Environmental Durability of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites
115(62)
8.1 Introduction
115(1)
8.2 Reinforcement Effect of Carbon Nanotube in Polymeric Materials
116(14)
8.2.1 Why Nanofiller Reinforcement?
116(5)
8.2.2 Nanofiller/Polymer Interaction
121(1)
8.2.3 Nanofiller/Polymer Interface Engineering
122(1)
8.2.3.1 Chemical Functionalization
123(5)
8.2.3.2 Physical Functionalization
128(1)
8.2.4 Degree of Dispersion
129(1)
8.3 Fabrication of Polymer Nanocomposites with Carbon Nanotubes
130(7)
8.3.1 Thermoplastic Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
130(1)
8.3.1.1 Melt Processing of Nanocomposites
130(1)
8.3.1.2 Injection Molding
131(1)
8.3.1.3 Single-Screw Melt Extrusion
132(1)
8.3.1.4 Solution Processing of Nanocomposites
133(1)
8.3.2 Thermosetting Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
134(1)
8.3.2.1 Ultrasonic Mixing
134(1)
8.3.2.2 Mechanical Mixing
135(1)
8.3.2.3 Calendering
135(2)
8.4 Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube-Embedded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
137(2)
8.4.1 Thermoplastic Polymer-Based Nanophased Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
137(1)
8.4.2 Thermosetting Polymer-Based Nanophased Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites
138(1)
8.5 Mechanical Performance of Carbon Nanotube-Embedded Polymer Composites
139(7)
8.5.1 Theories and Micromechanisms for Improved Mechanical Performances of Carbon Nanotube-Embedded Polymeric Composites
141(5)
8.6 Environmental Sensitivity of Carbon Nanotube-Enhanced Polymer Composites
146(18)
8.6.1 Temperature
146(1)
8.6.1.1 Cryogenic and Low Temperature Performance
146(2)
8.6.1.2 Elevated Temperature Performance
148(1)
8.6.1.3 Nonequilibrium Thermal Loadings
149(2)
8.6.2 Hydrothermal and Hygrothermal Exposure
151(1)
8.6.2.1 Kinetics of Water Ingression
151(2)
8.6.2.2 Mechanical and Thermomechanical Performance after Moisture Ingression
153(1)
8.6.3 Ultraviolet and Other High-Energy Irradiation
154(2)
8.6.4 Effect of Atomic Oxygen
156(1)
8.6.5 Exposure under Low Earth Orbit Space Environment
157(3)
8.6.6 Exposure to Electromagnetic and Microwave Radiation
160(4)
8.7 Summary
164(13)
References
164(13)
9 Design for Improved Damage Resistance and Damage Tolerance of Polymer Matrix Composites
177(12)
9.1 Introduction
177(1)
9.2 Methods to Determine Damage Tolerance
178(4)
9.2.1 Mode I Fracture Test
179(1)
9.2.2 Mode II Fracture Test
180(1)
9.2.3 Mode III Fracture Test
181(1)
9.2.4 Compression after Impact
182(1)
9.3 Techniques for Improving Damage Tolerance
182(7)
9.3.1 Toughening of Matrix
182(1)
9.3.2 Interleaving
182(1)
9.3.3 Sequential Stacking
183(1)
9.3.4 Interply Hybridization
183(1)
9.3.5 Through-the-Thickness Reinforcement
183(1)
9.3.6 Fiber Surface Modification
184(1)
9.3.7 Fiber Architecture
184(1)
9.3.8 Nanocomposite
185(1)
References
185(4)
Index 189
Bankim Chandra Ray has been working at National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India since 1989. His current designation is Professor and Head of Composite Materials Group and Dean of Faculty Welfare. He has been awarded Ph.D. from Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in 1993. He had started working on Environmental Degradation of FRP Composites from his Ph.D. tenure, and has been working continuously on the Environmental durability of FRP composites since last about 30 years. He has been associated with several societies like Indian Institute of Metals, Indian National Academy of Engineering and many other govt. and private organization for providing a global platform for FRP composite materials for various structural applications. He is currently being coveted with a role of an advisor of New Materials Business ( FRP Composites) at Tata Steel. He has more than 130 publications in reputed international journals.

Rajesh Kumar Prusty has been working as an Assistant Professor at National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India since 2014 after completing his Master in Engineering from Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. He has been working with Prof. Bankim Chandra Ray from last 4 years. He is close to complete his Ph.D. degree. His focus of research is on Implication of nanofillers on Environmental Durability of FRP Composites based on assessment of Microstructural Features and Mechanical Properties. He teaches Nanostructured Materials and Composite Materials to the undergraduate and postgraduate students.

Dinesh Kumar Rathore has completed his Ph.D in the field of mechanical behaviour of hybrid FRP composites under different elevated temperatures under the supervision of Prof. Bankim Chandra Ray. Currently he is working as an Assistant Professor at Kalinga Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar, India. He is teaching Mechanics of Materials and Materials Science of Engineering to undergraduate students. Dr. Rathore has been awarded best presentation awards at Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay and National Institute of Technology, Rourkela for his Ph.D work.