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First Course in Enumerative Combinatorics [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 272 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 515 g
  • Sari: Pure and Applied Undergraduate Texts
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Jan-2021
  • Kirjastus: American Mathematical Society
  • ISBN-10: 1470459957
  • ISBN-13: 9781470459956
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 272 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 515 g
  • Sari: Pure and Applied Undergraduate Texts
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Jan-2021
  • Kirjastus: American Mathematical Society
  • ISBN-10: 1470459957
  • ISBN-13: 9781470459956
Teised raamatud teemal:
First Course in Enumerative Combinatorics provides an introduction to the fundamentals of enumeration for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students in the mathematical sciences. The book offers a careful and comprehensive account of the standard tools of enumerationrecursion, generating functions, sieve and inversion formulas, enumeration under group actionsand their application to counting problems for the fundamental structures of discrete mathematics, including sets and multisets, words and permutations, partitions of sets and integers, and graphs and trees. The authors exposition has been strongly influenced by the work of Rota and Stanley, highlighting bijective proofs, partially ordered sets, and an emphasis on organizing the subject under various unifying themes, including the theory of incidence algebras. In addition, there are distinctive chapters on the combinatorics of finite vector spaces, a detailed account of formal power series, and combinatorial number theory.

The reader is assumed to have a knowledge of basic linear algebra and some familiarity with power series. There are over 200 well-designed exercises ranging in difficulty from straightforward to challenging. There are also sixteen large-scale honors projects on special topics appearing throughout the text. The author is a distinguished combinatorialist and award-winning teacher, and he is currently Professor Emeritus of Mathematics and Adjunct Professor of Philosophy at the University of Tennessee. He has published widely in number theory, combinatorics, probability, decision theory, and formal epistemology. His Erdo s number is 2. An instructors manual for this title is available electronically to those instructors who have adopted the textbook for classroom use. Please send email to textbooks@ams.org for more information.
Notation xiii
Chapter 1 Prologue: Compositions of an integer
1(10)
1.1 Counting compositions
2(1)
1.2 The Fibonacci numbers from a combinatorial perspective
3(2)
1.3 Weak compositions
5(1)
1.4 Compositions with arbitrarily restricted parts
5(1)
1.5 The fundamental theorem of composition enumeration
6(1)
1.6 Basic tools for manipulating finite sums
7(4)
Exercises
8(3)
Chapter 2 Sets, functions, and relations
11(20)
2.1 Functions
12(4)
2.2 Finite sets
16(3)
2.3 Cartesian products and their subsets
19(2)
2.4 Counting surjections: A recursive formula
21(1)
2.5 The domain partition induced by a function
22(2)
2.6 The pigeonhole principle for functions
24(1)
2.7 Relations
25(2)
2.8 The matrix representation of a relation
27(1)
2.9 Equivalence relations and partitions
27(4)
References
27(1)
Exercises
28(2)
Project
30(1)
Chapter 3 Binomial coefficients
31(18)
3.1 Subsets of a finite set
31(3)
3.2 Distributions, words, and lattice paths
34(2)
3.3 Binomial inversion and the sieve formula
36(3)
3.4 Probleme des menages
39(2)
3.5 An inversion formula for set functions
41(2)
3.6 *The Bonferroni inequalities
43(6)
References
45(1)
Exercises
45(4)
Chapter 4 Multinomial coefficients and ordered partitions
49(8)
4.1 Multinomial coefficients and ordered partitions
49(2)
4.2 Ordered partitions and preferential rankings
51(1)
4.3 Generating functions for ordered partitions
52(5)
Reference
54(1)
Exercises
54(3)
Chapter 5 Graphs and trees
57(12)
5.1 Graphs
57(1)
5.2 Connected graphs
58(1)
5.3 Trees
59(3)
5.4 *Spanning trees
62(1)
5.5 *Ramsey theory
63(2)
5.6 *The probabilistic method
65(4)
References
66(1)
Exercises
66(1)
Project
67(2)
Chapter 6 Partitions: Stirling, Lah, and cycle numbers
69(18)
6.1 Stirling numbers of the second kind
69(3)
6.2 Restricted growth functions
72(1)
6.3 The numbers σ(n, k) and S(n, k) as connection constants
73(2)
6.4 Stirling numbers of the first kind
75(1)
6.5 Ordered occupancy: Lah numbers
76(2)
6.6 Restricted ordered occupancy: Cycle numbers
78(4)
6.7 Balls and boxes: The twenty-fold way
82(5)
References
82(1)
Exercises
83(2)
Projects
85(2)
Chapter 7 Intermission: Some unifying themes
87(10)
7.1 The exponential formula
87(3)
7.2 Comtet's theorem
90(2)
7.3 Lancaster's theorem
92(5)
References
93(1)
Exercises
93(1)
Project
94(3)
Chapter 8 Combinatorics and number theory
97(22)
8.1 Arithmetic functions
97(3)
8.2 Circular words
100(1)
8.3 Partitions of an integer
101(8)
8.4 *Power sums
109(3)
8.5 p-orders and Legendre's theorem
112(2)
8.6 Lucas's congruence for binomial coefficients
114(1)
8.7 *Restricted sums of binomial coefficients
115(4)
References
116(1)
Exercises
117(1)
Project
118(1)
Chapter 9 Differences and sums
119(24)
9.1 Finite difference operators
119(2)
9.2 Polynomial interpolation
121(1)
9.3 The fundamental theorem of the finite difference calculus
122(1)
9.4 The snake oil method
123(3)
9.5 * The harmonic numbers
126(1)
9.6 Linear homogeneous difference equations with constant coefficients
127(4)
9.7 Constructing visibly real-valued solutions to difference equations with obviously real-valued solutions
131(1)
9.8 The fundamental theorem of rational generating functions
132(2)
9.9 Inefficient recursive formulae
134(1)
9.10 Periodic functions and polynomial functions
135(1)
9.11 A nonlinear recursive formula: The Catalan numbers
136(7)
References
139(1)
Exercises
140(1)
Project
141(2)
Chapter 10 Enumeration under group action
143(20)
10.1 Permutation groups and orbits
143(2)
10.2 Polya's first theorem
145(3)
10.3 The pattern inventory: Polya's second theorem
148(2)
10.4 Counting isomorphism classes of graphs
150(4)
10.5 G-classes of proper subsets of colorings / group actions
154(1)
10.6 De Bruijn's generalization of Polya theory
155(2)
10.7 Equivalence classes of boolean functions
157(6)
References
159(1)
Exercises
160(3)
Chapter 11 Finite vector spaces
163(24)
11.1 Vector spaces over finite fields
163(1)
11.2 Linear spans and linear independence
164(1)
11.3 Counting subspaces
165(2)
11.4 The q-binomial coefficients are Comtet numbers
167(2)
11.5 q-binomial inversion
169(2)
11.6 The q-Vandermonde identity
171(1)
11.7 q-multinomial coefficients of the first kind
172(1)
11.8 q-multinomial coefficients of the second kind
173(2)
11.9 The distribution polynomials of statistics on discrete structures
175(5)
11.10 Knuth's analysis
180(2)
11.11 The Galois numbers
182(5)
References
183(1)
Exercises
184(1)
Projects
185(2)
Chapter 12 Ordered sets
187(22)
12.1 Total orders and their generalizations
187(1)
12.2 *Quasi-orders and topologies
188(1)
12.3 *Weak orders and ordered partitions
189(2)
12.4 *Strict orders
191(1)
12.5 Partial orders: basic terminology and notation
192(2)
12.6 Chains and antichains
194(4)
12.7 Matchings and systems of distinct representatives
198(2)
12.8 *Unimodality and logarithmic concavity
200(3)
12.9 Rank functions and Sperner posets
203(1)
12.10 Lattices
203(6)
References
205(1)
Exercises
206(1)
Projects
207(2)
Chapter 13 Formal power series
209(18)
13.1 Semigroup algebras
209(1)
13.2 The Cauchy algebra
210(1)
13.3 Formal power series and polynomials over C
211(4)
13.4 Infinite sums in CN
215(2)
13.5 Summation interchange
217(2)
13.6 Formal derivatives
219(2)
13.7 The formal logarithm
221(1)
13.8 The formal exponential function
222(5)
References
223(1)
Exercises
223(1)
Projects
224(3)
Chapter 14 Incidence algebra: The grand unified theory of enumerative combinatorics
227(24)
14.1 The incidence algebra of a locally finite poset
227(2)
14.2 Infinite sums in CInt(p)
229(2)
14.3 The zeta function and the enumeration of chains
231(1)
14.4 The chi function and the enumeration of maximal chains
232(1)
14.5 The Mobius function
233(2)
14.6 Mobius inversion formulas
235(2)
14.7 The Mobius functions of four classical posets
237(2)
14.8 Graded posets and the Jordan-Dedekind chain condition
239(1)
14.9 Binomial posets
240(3)
14.10 The reduced incidence algebra of a binomial poset
243(4)
14.11 Modular binomial lattices
247(4)
References
249(1)
Exercises
249(1)
Projects
250(1)
Appendix A Analysis review
251(4)
A.1 Infinite series
251(1)
A.2 Power series
252(1)
A.3 Double sequences and series
253(2)
References
254(1)
Appendix B Topology review
255(6)
B.1 Topological spaces and their bases
255(1)
B.2 Metric topologies
256(1)
B.3 Separation axioms
257(1)
B.4 Product topologies
257(1)
B.5 The topology of pointwise convergence
257(4)
References
259(2)
Appendix C Abstract algebra review
261(6)
C.1 Algebraic structures with one composition
261(1)
C.2 Algebraic structures with two compositions
262(1)
C.3 R-algebraic structures
263(1)
C.4 Substructures
264(1)
C.5 Isomorphic structures
265(2)
References
266(1)
Index 267
Carl G. Wagner, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN