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Fish and Fisheries in Estuaries, 2 Volume Set: A Global Perspective [Kõva köide]

Edited by (IECS Ltd, Leven, UK and University of Hull, Hull, UK), Edited by (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa), Edited by (Rutgers University, USA), Edited by (CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere Brisbane, Australia)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 1120 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 244x170x64 mm, kaal: 3033 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 03-Mar-2022
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1444336673
  • ISBN-13: 9781444336672
Teised raamatud teemal:
Fish and Fisheries in Estuaries, 2 Volume Set: A Global PerspectiveSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 1120 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 244x170x64 mm, kaal: 3033 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 03-Mar-2022
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1444336673
  • ISBN-13: 9781444336672
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781444336672.html
Märksõnad:
"Fish and Fisheries in Estuaries: A Global Perspective brings together the current state of knowledge of estuarine fish in two volumes. Featuring contributions by more than fifty internationally-recognized researchers and estuarine ichthyological specialists, this landmark resource covers fish assemblages and functional groups, recruitment and production in estuaries, feeding ecology and trophic dynamics, conservation of estuarine fish, and much more. Thirteen in-depth chapters examine major aspects of fish and fisheries in estuaries throughout the world. The text describes the biology of estuarine fish and their connections with estuarine ecosystems, and examines the ways human industrialization and global events such as climate change are impacting both native and non-native species. Topics include habitat diversity, fish foraging behavior, ecological engineering tools and models, hazards and risks to estuarine fish and fisheries, and estuarine environmental health. Offering detailed information on thebiology and ecology of estuarine fish and fisheries, this authoritative reference: Explores current approaches and future research directions aimed at achieving a balance between exploitation and conservation of estuarine fishes Discusses environmental quality objectives and sustainable management of estuary fisheries Addresses the impacts of humans' increased use of resources such as food, space, and water to estuarine fisheries Features numerous international case studies of management of fisheries, threatened species, estuarine rehabilitation, reproduction and ontogeny, and others Covers study and sampling methods, field equipment, and data processing, analysis, and interpretation Fish and Fisheries in Estuaries: A Global Perspective is an indispensable tool and reference point for fish biologists, fisheries scientists, ecologists and environmental scientists, aquatic ecologists, conservation biologists, and advanced students and instructors in fish biology and fisheries programs."--

Fish and Fisheries in Estuaries: A Global Perspective brings together the current state of knowledge of estuarine fish in one inclusive work. Featuring contributions by more than fifty internationally-recognized researchers and estuarine ichthyological specialists, this landmark resource covers fish assemblages and functional groups, recruitment and production in estuaries, feeding ecology and trophic dynamics, fisheries and the conservation of estuarine fish, and much more.

Thirteen in-depth chapters and two method appendices examine major aspects of fish and fisheries in estuaries throughout the world. The text describes the biology of estuarine fish and their connections with estuarine and adjacent marine and freshwater ecosystems, as well as examining the ways human industrialization and global events such as climate change are impacting both native and non-native species. Topics include habitat diversity, fish foraging behavior, ecological engineering tools and models, hazards and risks to estuarine fish and fisheries, and estuarine environmental health. Offering detailed information on the biology and ecology of estuarine fish and fisheries, this authoritative reference:

  • Explores current approaches and future research directions aimed at achieving a balance between exploitation and conservation of estuarine fishes
  • Discusses environmental quality objectives and sustainable management of estuary fisheries
  • Addresses the impacts of increased human use of resources such as food, space, and water to estuarine fish and fisheries
  • Features numerous international case studies of management of fisheries, threatened species, estuarine rehabilitation, reproduction and ontogeny, and others
  • Covers study and sampling methods, field equipment, and data processing, analysis, and interpretation

Fish and Fisheries in Estuaries: A Global Perspective is an indispensable tool and reference point for fish biologists, fisheries scientists, ecologists and environmental scientists, aquatic ecologists, conservation biologists, estuarine managers and advanced students and instructors in fish biology and fisheries programs.

List of Contributors xx
Preface xxiii
Acknowledgements xxiv
1 Introduction 1(15)
Alan K. Whitfield
Kenneth W. Able
Stephen J.M. Blaber
Michael Elliott
1.1 Scope of the book
1(2)
1.2 Reasons why this synthesis is important
3(4)
1.3 Estuary definition and types
7(2)
1.4
Chapter descriptions
9(2)
1.5 Conclusions
11(1)
1.6 References
12(4)
2 Fish Assemblages and Functional Groups 16(44)
Alan K. Whitfield
Kenneth W. Able
Stephen I.M. Blaber
Michael Elliott
Anita Franco
Trevor D. Harrison
Ian C. Potter
James R. Tweedley
2.1 Introduction
16(1)
2.2 Zoogeography, salinity and estuarine fish assemblages
16(8)
2.3 Estuarine typology and fish assemblages
24(4)
2.4 Fish guilds and functional groups
28(19)
2.4.1 Estuarine Use Functional Group (EUFG)
32(6)
2.4.2 Feeding Mode Functional Group (FMFG)
38(6)
2.4.3 Reproductive Mode Functional Group (R MFG)
44(3)
2.5 Do functional groups drive fish assemblage structure?
47(1)
2.6 Fish functional groups and guild analyses
47(2)
2.7 Acknowledgements
49(1)
2.8 References
49(11)
3 Reproduction, Ontogeny and Recruitment 60(128)
Edward D. Houde
Kenneth W. Able
Nadine A. Strydom
Eric Wolanski
Timo Arula
3.1 Introduction
60(3)
3.1.1 Scope of the chapter
62(1)
3.2 Estuarine support of reproduction and recruitment
63(19)
3.2.1 Replenishment: modes and patterns
63(13)
3.2.1.1 Modes of reproduction
64(6)
3.2.1.2 Early-life stages and nurseries
70(6)
3.2.2 Sources of variability in reproductive success and recruitment
76(6)
3.2.2.1 Habitat and water quality
76(1)
3.2.2.2 Hydrography and physics
77(1)
3.2.2.3 Foods of early-life stages
77(1)
3.2.2.4 Predators
78(1)
3.2.2.5 Weather, climate and estuarine change
79(3)
3.3 Early-life stages and recruitment dynamics
82(31)
3.3.1 Dispersal, transport and retention
84(11)
3.3.1.1 Offshore to estuary transport processes
85(1)
3.3.1.2 Swimming as a transport mechanism
85(2)
3.3.1.3 Near- and within-estuary transport processes
87(2)
3.3.1.4 Retention: estuarine features and processes
89(6)
3.3.2 Settlement
95(2)
3.3.3 Larval and juvenile production processes
97(7)
3.3.3.1 Larval feeding
97(7)
3.3.4 Larval and juvenile production: growth and mortality
104(9)
3.3.4.1 Rates and variability
106(3)
3.3.4.2 Predation
109(1)
3.3.4.3 Environmental factors
110(3)
3.4 Adults and recruitment
113(12)
3.4.1 Adult stock
113(3)
3.4.1.1 Stock structure, contingents and cohorts
114(1)
3.4.1.2 Maternal effects
115(1)
3.4.2 Scales and patterns of variability in reproductive success
116(8)
3.4.2.1 Recruitment levels and variability
116(1)
3.4.2.2 Adult stock and recruitment
117(4)
3.4.2.3 Predicting and forecasting recruitment
121(3)
3.4.3 Recruitment: an integrated, evolved process
124(1)
3.5 Threats to reproduction and recruitment in estuaries
125(5)
3.5.1 Excessive fishing: depletion of adults and by-catch of juveniles
125(1)
3.5.2 Habitat destruction and degradation
125(1)
3.5.3 Impoundments and flow regulation
126(1)
3.5.4 Power plants
127(1)
3.5.5 Estuary contaminants: water quality degradation
127(1)
3.5.6 Eutrophication
128(1)
3.5.7 Climate change
129(1)
3.5.8 Catastrophic events
130(1)
3.6 Case studies
130(13)
3.6.1 Pleuronectiformes
130(4)
3.6.2 Sciaenidae
134(1)
3.6.3 Anchoa mitchilli (Engraulidae)
135(1)
3.6.4 Brevoortia tyrannus and Brevoortia spp. (Clupeidae)
136(1)
3.6.5 Morone saxatilis (Moronidae)
137(2)
3.6.6 Gadidae and Clupeidae (Baltic Sea)
139(2)
3.6.7 Lateolabrax japonicus (Lateolabracidae)
141(1)
3.6.8 Fundulus heteroclitus (Fundulidae)
141(2)
3.7 Summary and conclusions
143(2)
3.8 Acknowledgements
145(1)
3.9 References
145(43)
4 Habitat Use and Connectivity 188(67)
Kenneth W. Able
Charles A. Simenstad
Nadine A. Strydom
Michael Bradley
Marcus Sheaves
4.1 Introduction
188(2)
4.2 Habitat diversity
190(11)
4.2.1 Water column habitat
191(1)
4.2.2 Unstructured shallow habitats
192(1)
4.2.3 Structured benthic habitats
193(15)
4.2.3.1 Salt marshes
193(3)
4.2.3.2 Submerged aquatic vegetation
196(1)
4.2.3.3 Mangroves
197(2)
4.2.3.4 Shellfish beds
199(1)
4.2.3.5 Woody debris
200(1)
4.2.3.6 Rocky and gravel bottoms
200(1)
4.3 Geomorphological and hydrological variables
201(1)
4.4 Physicochemical variables
202(6)
4.5 Dynamics of juvenile habitat use
208(6)
4.5.1 Temperature effects
208(1)
4.5.2 Salinity effects
209(1)
4.5.3 Settlement habitats
210(1)
4.5.4 Connectivity among estuarine habitats
211(2)
4.5.5 Alien species
213(1)
4.6 Adult habitat use
214(2)
4.7 Habitat fidelity by juveniles and adult fishes
216(2)
4.8 Ecological context
218(2)
4.9 Connectivity between estuarine, freshwater and marine ecosystems
220(7)
4.9.1 Migrations into estuaries
221(2)
4.9.2 Migrations out of estuaries
223(2)
4.9.3 Migrations between estuaries
225(2)
4.10 Conclusions
227(1)
4.11 Acknowledgements
227(1)
4.12 References
227(28)
5 Feeding Ecology and Trophic Dynamics 255(77)
Alan K. Whitfield
Kenneth W. Able
Stephen J.M. Blaber
Michael Elliott
Anita Franco
Trevor D. Harrison
Edward D. Houde
5.1 Introduction
255(1)
5.2 Fish foraging behaviour and food intake
256(5)
5.2.1 Prey detection
256(2)
5.2.2 Feeding periodicity
258(1)
5.2.3 Food intake
258(1)
5.2.4 Feeding movements and migrations
259(2)
5.3 Factors influencing feeding ecology
261(7)
5.3.1 Environmental factors
262(1)
5.3.1.1 Water temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen
262(1)
5.3.1.2 Tidal regime and substratum composition
263(1)
5.3.2 Biological factors
263(2)
5.3.2.1 Body size
263(1)
5.3.2.2 Ontogenetic changes in fish diets
264(1)
5.3.3 Foraging specialisations
265(2)
5.3.4 Opportunistic versus specialised feeding
267(1)
5.4 Ecotrophomorphology
268(2)
5.5 Trophic categorization
270(12)
5.5.1 Herbivorous species
272(2)
5.5.2 Detritivorous species
274(1)
5.5.3 Zoobenthivorous species
275(1)
5.5.4 Zooplankivorous species
276(2)
5.5.5 Piscivorous species
278(4)
5.5.5.1 Cannibalism
280(2)
5.6 Competition, resource partitioning, energy flow and connectivity
282(8)
5.6.1 Intra-specific and inter-specific competition
282(1)
5.6.2 Resource partitioning
283(2)
5.6.3 Energy flow and connectivity
285(5)
5.7 FishBase approach to Functional Feeding Groups
290(2)
5.7.1 Example of an FFG analysis
291(1)
5.8 Fish food sources in estuaries
292(3)
5.8.1 Submerged macrophyte habitats
293(1)
5.8.2 Emergent macrophyte habitats
294(1)
5.9 Food web complexity
295(8)
5.9.1 Vertical and horizontal feeding patterns by fishes
301(2)
5.10 Predators of fish in estuaries
303(5)
5.10.1 Invertebrates
305(1)
5.10.2 Birds
305(2)
5.10.3 Reptiles
307(1)
5.10.4 Mammals
307(1)
5.11 Effects of natural and anthropogenic perturbations on food webs
308(4)
5.12 Acknowledgements
312(1)
5.13 References
312(20)
6 Fishes and Estuarine Environmental Health 332(48)
Henrique N. Cabral
Angel Borja
Vanessa F. Fonseca
Trevor D. Harrison
Nils Teichert
Mario Lepage
Miguel C. Leal
6.1 Estuarine environmental health: concepts, definitions and assessment
332(2)
6.2 Anthropogenic pressures impacting estuarine fish assemblages
334(4)
6.2.1 Habitat loss and physical degradation
334(1)
6.2.2 Pollution
335(1)
6.2.3 River flow regulation
336(1)
6.2.4 Fisheries and aquaculture
336(1)
6.2.5 Non-indigenous species
337(1)
6.2.6 Climate change
338(1)
6.2.7 Integration of human pressures: the global change context
338(1)
6.3 Fish biomarkers responding to human pressures
338(6)
6.3.1 Bioaccumulation and biomagnification
339(2)
6.3.2 Biomarkers of exposure
341(3)
6.4 Fishes as biological indicators
344(5)
6.5 Main methodological approaches to assess estuarine health using fish as indicators
349(4)
6.5.1 Historical data and reference conditions
349(1)
6.5.2 Experimental approaches
349(1)
6.5.3 Environmental impact assessment and other risk assessment methods
350(2)
6.5.4 Qualitative methods
352(1)
6.5.5 Quantitative indicators
352(1)
6.5.6 Models
352(1)
6.6 Environmental health fish-based indices
353(5)
6.7 Disentangling fish responses in the multi-stress context of global changes
358(3)
6.7.1 Univariate approaches
359(1)
6.7.2 Multivariate approaches
360(1)
6.8 Future research directions
361(2)
6.9 References
363(17)
7 Climate Change and Fishes in Estuaries 380(78)
Bronwyn M. Gillanders
Matthew N. McMillan
Patrick Reis-Santos
Lee J. Baumgartner
Larry R Brown
John Conallin
Frederick V. Feyrer
Sofia Henriques
Nicola C. James
Andres J. Jaureguizar
Andre L.M. Pessanha
Rita P Vasconcelos
An V. Vu
Benjamin Walther
Arif Wibowo
7.1 Introduction
380(1)
7.2 Global, regional and local patterns
381(11)
7.2.1 Predictors of fish taxonomic diversity at global and regional scales
383(2)
7.2.2 Predictors of fish taxonomic diversity at local scales
385(4)
7.2.3 Predictors of fish functional diversity at global, regional and local scales
389(3)
7.3 Potential impacts of environmental/climate stressors on estuarine fish
392(15)
7.3.1 Salinity and freshwater flow impacts
392(4)
7.3.2 Temperature impacts
396(1)
7.3.3 Dissolved oxygen impacts
397(4)
7.3.4 Impacts of elevated CO2
401(2)
7.3.5 Sea level rise
403(1)
7.3.6 Estuary entrance channel openings and fish access
404(2)
7.3.7 Disease
406(1)
7.4 Climate change and fisheries in estuaries
407(5)
7.4.1 Links to fisheries catches
407(4)
7.4.2 Socio-economic effects and management implications
411(1)
7.5 Case studies
412(17)
7.5.1 Arctic
412(1)
7.5.2 Temperate northern Atlantic
413(2)
7.5.3 Temperate northern Pacific
415(2)
7.5.4 Tropical Atlantic
417(1)
7.5.5 Indo-Pacific
418(3)
7.5.6 Temperate South America
421(3)
7.5.7 Temperate southern Africa
424(3)
7.5.8 Temperate Australia
427(2)
7.6 Gaps in knowledge and future research directions
429(3)
7.7 Acknowledgements
432(1)
7.8 References
432(26)
8 Estuarine Degradation and Rehabilitation 458(95)
Mario Lepage
Cecile Capderrey
Michael Elliott
Patrick Meire
8.1 Introduction
458(17)
8.1.1 Hazards and risks to estuarine fish and fisheries and their habitats
458(8)
8.1.2 Effects of climate change on estuarine fish and fisheries
466(1)
8.1.3 Effects of estuarine degradation on ecosystem services
467(1)
8.1.4 Effects of estuarine degradation on water quality and impacts on fish
468(1)
8.1.5 Heavy metals
469(3)
8.1.6 Organic pollutants
472(1)
8.1.7 Pharmaceutical and personal care products
473(1)
8.1.8 Nutrients
473(1)
8.1.9 Effects on water quantity, hydropeak and flow alteration on fish
474(1)
8.1.10 Effects of fishing
475(1)
8.2 Estuarine restoration and habitat creation
475(6)
8.3 Current practices
481(5)
8.4 Ecological engineering
486(2)
8.5 Contribution of modelling tools to more process-based restoration objectives
488(4)
8.5.1 Introduction
488(1)
8.5.2 Framework
489(3)
8.5.2.1 Towards a more process-oriented approach
489(1)
8.5.2.2 Towards integrated objectives
489(3)
8.6 Why modelling processes?
492(2)
8.6.1 Physical phenomena
492(1)
8.6.2 Species use of the estuarine environment and compartmental interactions
493(1)
8.6.3 Overview
493(1)
8.7 Modelling tools
494(7)
8.7.1 Biogeochemical modelling
494(5)
8.7.2 Hydromorphological sedimentary modelling
499(2)
8.7.2.1 Modelling vegetation-sediment interactions
499(1)
8.7.2.2 Modelling formation and dynamics of tidal channels
500(1)
8.7.2.3 Modelling biological impacts on sedimentary dynamics
500(1)
8.8 Life-cycle modelling
501(3)
8.8.1 'Static' approaches: statistical habitat suitability
502(1)
8.8.2 Dynamic approach: the probability to attain suitable habitats
503(1)
8.9 Food web modelling
504(1)
8.10 The path to effective ecological restoration
505(2)
8.11 From theory to practice
507(20)
8.11.1 A case study of restoration in the Scheldt Estuary
507(4)
8.11.2 Ecological restoration by opportunity: an example from the Gironde Estuary
511(7)
8.11.2.1 Gironde restoration summary
518(1)
8.11.3 Case study - restoration of former salt hay farms
518(2)
8.11.4 Case study - habitat alteration and restoration linked to a common reed invasion
520(3)
8.11.5 Restoration of whole estuaries and wetland systems
523(4)
8.12 Concluding comments
527(2)
8.13 Acknowledgements
529(1)
8.14 References
529(24)
9 Estuarine Fisheries 553(64)
Stephen J.M. Blaber
Kenneth W. Able
Paul D. Cowley
9.1 Introduction
553(1)
9.2 Estuarine fishery sectors
554(2)
9.3 Problems and issues in estuarine fisheries
556(2)
9.4 Fishery yields
558(3)
9.5 Estuarine fisheries: a selection of case studies
561(24)
9.5.1 Asian fisheries
562(5)
9.5.1.1 The Hilsa fishery, South Asia
562(3)
9.5.1.2 The Lake Chilika fishery, India
565(1)
9.5.1.3 The Pichavaram fishery, India
565(1)
9.5.1.4 The Larut-Matang fishery, Malaysia
566(1)
9.5.2 African fisheries
567(6)
9.5.2.1 The Kosi Bay Lakes fishery, South Africa
568(2)
9.5.2.2 The Sundays Estuary fishery, South Africa
570(1)
9.5.2.3 The Ebrie Lagoon fishery, Ivory Coast
571(2)
9.5.3 South and Central American fisheries
573(2)
9.5.3.1 The Gulf of Nicoya fishery, Costa Rica
573(1)
9.5.3.2 The Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta fishery, Colombia
574(1)
9.5.3.3 The fisheries of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela
574(1)
9.5.3.4 The Valenca Delta fishery, Brazil
574(1)
9.5.4 Australasian fisheries
575(3)
9.5.4.1 Lates cakarifer fisheries of Australia and Papua New Guinea
576(2)
9.5.5 European and North American fisheries
578(7)
9.6 The main fishery species in Europe and North America
585(13)
9.6.1 Diadromous species
586(5)
9.6.1.1 Anguilla anguilla
586(2)
9.6.1.2 Anguilla rostrata
588(1)
9.6.1.3 Platichthys flesus
588(1)
9.6.1.4 Alosa sapidissima
588(1)
9.6.1.5 Alosa pseudoharengus
589(1)
9.6.1.6 Alosa fallax
589(1)
9.6.1.7 Osmerus eperlanus
590(1)
9.6.1.8 Morone saxatilis
590(1)
9.6.1.9 Salmo salar
590(1)
9.6.2 Marine seasonal migrants as adults
591(3)
9.6.2.1 Brevoortia tyrannus
591(1)
9.6.2.2 Pseudopleuronectes americanus
591(1)
9.6.2.3 Paralichthys dentatus
592(1)
9.6.2.4 Cynoscion regalis
593(1)
9.6.2.5 Sprattus sprattus
593(1)
9.6.2.6 Mugilidae
593(1)
9.6.3 Marine migrants as juveniles
594(3)
9.6.3.1 Clupea harengus
594(1)
9.6.3.2 Dicentrarchus labrax
594(1)
9.6.3.3 Tautoga onitis
594(1)
9.6.3.4 Trisopterus luscus
595(1)
9.6.3.5 Merlangius merlangus
595(1)
9.6.3.6 Gadus morhua
595(1)
9.6.3.7 Limanda limanda
595(1)
9.6.3.8 Pleuronectes platessa
595(1)
9.6.3.9 Solea solea
596(1)
9.6.4 Estuarine-resident species
597(21)
9.6.4.1 Morone americana
597(1)
9.7 Connectivity
598(4)
9.8 Concluding remarks
602(1)
9.9 Acknowledgements
602(1)
9.10 References
602(15)
10 Conservation of Estuarine Fishes 617(67)
Paul D. Cowley
James R. Tweedley
Alan K. Whitfield
10.1 Introduction
617(1)
10.2 Analysis of threats to estuarine fish conservation
618(15)
10.2.1 Fisheries
620(2)
10.2.2 Habitat alteration or loss
622(2)
10.2.3 Water quality and quantity alterations
624(2)
10.2.4 Climate change
626(5)
10.2.4.1 Changes in salinity regime
628(2)
10.2.4.2 Changes in water temperature
630(1)
10.2.4.3 Synergistic effects of climate change and eutrophication
630(1)
10.2.4.4 Influence of habitat
631(1)
10.2.4.5 Vulnerability of microtidal estuaries in Mediterranean climates to climate change
631(1)
10.2.5 Non-native species
631(2)
10.3 Conservation interventions and instruments
633(20)
10.3.1 Legislative frameworks
633(8)
10.3.1.1 International initiatives
634(4)
10.3.1.2 Regional initiatives
638(1)
10.3.1.3 National initiatives
639(1)
10.3.1.4 Environmental non-government organisations
640(1)
10.3.2 Role of protected areas
641(4)
10.3.3 Rehabilitation and habitat restoration
645(5)
10.3.4 Catchment conservation
650(3)
10.3.5 Captive breeding and stocking
653(1)
10.4 Threatened species and extinction risk: some case studies
653(5)
10.4.1 Estuarine pipefish Syngnathus watermeyeri
653(1)
10.4.2 Ganges shark Glyphis gangeticus
654(1)
10.4.3 Totoaba Totoaba macdonaldi
655(1)
10.4.4 European eel Anguilla anguilla
656(1)
10.4.5 Cape stumpnose Rhabdosargus holubi
657(1)
10.5 Current and future challenges
658(4)
10.6 Conclusions
662(1)
10.7 Acknowledgements and dedication
663(1)
10.8 References
663(21)
11 Non-native Fishes in Estuaries 684(22)
Peter B. Moyle
Dylan K. Stompe
11.1 Introduction
684(1)
11.2 What conditions favor non-native species in estuaries?
685(7)
11.2.1 Overview
685(1)
11.2.2 San Francisco Estuary
685(4)
11.2.3 Baltic Sea
689(1)
11.2.4 Chesapeake Bay
690(1)
11.2.5 Tagus Estuary
690(1)
11.2.6 South African estuaries
691(1)
11.2.7 Overview
691(1)
11.3 What are the characteristics of successful non-native estuarine fishes?
692(4)
11.3.1 General characteristics
692(1)
11.3.2 Taxonomy
692(3)
11.3.3 Mode of introduction
695(1)
11.4 Do non-native species become integrated into the biota of estuaries?
696(3)
11.4.1 Alternatives for invaders
696(1)
11.4.2 Novel species, novel ecosystems
697(2)
11.4.3 Overview
699(1)
11.5 How should non-native species in estuaries be managed?
699(1)
11.6 How do non-native fishes fit into estuarine ecosystems?
700(1)
11.7 Conclusions
701(1)
11.8 Acknowledgements
701(1)
11.9 References
701(5)
12 Management of Fishes and Fisheries in Estuaries 706(92)
Michael Elliott
Edward D. Houde
Stephen J. Lamberth
Jemma-Anne Lonsdale
James R. Tweedley
12.1 Introduction
706(2)
12.2 Management background, aims and philosophies
708(20)
12.2.1 Background and basis for management
708(6)
12.2.2 Environmental Quality Objectives and sustainable management
714(2)
12.2.2.1 Indicators and monitoring as tools in management
716(1)
12.2.3 Information for estuarine management
716(8)
12.2.3.1 Information needs and communicating management issues
716(5)
12.2.3.2 Information and data production, use and dissemination
721(3)
12.2.4 Case studies of priority issues for estuarine management
724(4)
12.2.4.1 Australia
724(2)
12.2.4.2 Humber Estuary (UK)
726(1)
12.2.4.3 United States of America
727(1)
12.3 Management of activities and habitats, monitoring and surveillance
728(12)
12.3.1 Estuarine environmental management
728(1)
12.3.2 Monitoring of activities for management
729(1)
12.3.3 Licensing of plans and projects
729(5)
12.3.4 Cumulative effects assessment
734(2)
12.3.5 Management of recreational fishing
736(3)
12.3.6 Management of habitats
739(1)
12.3.6.1 Management of loss and gain of estuarine habitats
739(1)
12.4 Management approaches at whole catchment and estuary level
740(16)
12.4.1 Management of catchments
740(2)
12.4.2 Whole estuary management approaches
742(4)
12.4.3 Determining if estuarine management is successful
746(2)
12.4.4 Estuarine management: holistic case studies
748(8)
12.4.4.1 New Zealand
748(2)
12.4.4.2 Japan
750(1)
12.4.4.3 South Africa
751(3)
12.4.4.4 Eastern United States of America
754(1)
12.4.4.5 Western United States of America
755(1)
12.4.4.6 Eastern England, United Kingdom
755(1)
12.5 Management of species and stocks/fisheries
756(10)
12.5.1 Background
756(1)
12.5.2 Management of fishing technologies
757(1)
12.5.3 Management of species and stocks case studies
758(8)
12.5.3.1 United Kingdom
758(2)
12.5.3.2 Baltic Sea
760(2)
12.5.3.3 Australia
762(3)
12.5.3.4 United States of America
765(1)
12.6 Administrative and legal aspects of managing estuarine fish ecology and fisheries
766(19)
12.6.1 Governance background
766(6)
12.6.2 European legislation
772(6)
12.6.2.1 The Water Framework Directive
773(3)
12.6.2.2 Habitats and Species Directive
776(2)
12.6.3 Administrative bodies
778(32)
12.6.3.1 Management authorities: the Humber Estuary, UK example
781(1)
12.6.3.2 Laws and administration: the USA example
781(4)
12.7 Main messages and recommendations for management
785(1)
12.8 Future research into management methods
786(1)
12.9 Acknowledgements
786(1)
12.10 References
786(12)
13 Fish and Fisheries in Estuaries: Global Synthesis and Future Research Directions 798(76)
Michael Elliott
Kenneth W. Able
Stephen J.M. Blaber
Alan K. Whitfield
13.1 Introduction - changing estuarine landscapes: habitats, research and society
798(6)
13.2 What fishes are in estuaries and why?
804(6)
13.3 Estuarine fish recruitment and habitats - connectivity across space and time
810(2)
13.3.1 Gaps in knowledge and future research directions
812(1)
13.4 How much do we really understand about the role of fish in an estuarine food web?
812(10)
13.4.1 Background
812(1)
13.4.2 Fish food resources in estuaries
813(2)
13.4.3 Factors influencing feeding ecology, foraging movements and migrations
815(1)
13.4.4 Trophic categorization
815(1)
13.4.5 Resource partitioning, energy flow and food web complexity
816(3)
13.4.6 Gaps in knowledge and future research directions
819(3)
13.5 Fishes - good indicators of estuarine environmental change?
822(8)
13.5.1 Background to the integration of human pressures
822(2)
13.5.2 Fishes as biological indicators
824(2)
13.5.3 Environmental health fish-based indices
826(2)
13.5.4 Disentangling fish responses in the multi-stress context of global changes
828(1)
13.5.5 Gaps in knowledge and future research directions
828(2)
13.6 Climate change and habitat degradation - a double whammy for fish in estuaries?
830(12)
13.6.1 Background
830(1)
13.6.2 Climate change
831(6)
13.6.2.1 Salinity regime and freshwater-tidal balance
834(1)
13.6.2.2 Temperature increases
835(1)
13.6.2.3 Sea level rise
835(1)
13.6.2.4 Estuary connectivity
836(1)
13.6.3 Habitat degradation
837(3)
13.6.3.1 Physical habitat loss
837(1)
13.6.3.2 Pollution
838(1)
13.6.3.3 River flow regulation
839(1)
13.6.4 Gaps in knowledge and future research directions
840(2)
13.7 Estuarine species are invading and shifting their distributions
842(3)
13.7.1 Invasions of non-native species
842(2)
13.7.2 The ebb and flow: geographical expansion and contraction of species
844(1)
13.7.3 Gaps in knowledge and future research directions
844(1)
13.8 The importance and future of fisheries in estuaries - estuarine goods and benefits?
845(3)
13.8.1 Fisheries management in the future
848(1)
13.9 Estuarine fish conservation for the future
848(6)
13.9.1 Gaps in knowledge and future research directions
852(2)
13.10 Restoring and managing estuaries for fish, fisheries and habitats
854(5)
13.10.1 Management actions for restoring and rehabilitating estuaries
854(3)
13.10.2 Gaps in knowledge and future research directions
857(2)
13.11 Science-for-policy and policy-for-science - the current and future role of estuarine ichthyologists?
859(1)
13.12 Fish and fisheries research in estuaries - the way forward
860(7)
13.13 Acknowledgements
867(1)
13.14 References
867(7)
A Study Methods: Field Equipment, Sampling and Methods 874(67)
Anita Franco
Michael Elliott
Piero Franzoi
Andy Nunn
Bernd Hanfling
Steve Colclough
Mike Young
A.1 Introduction
874(1)
A.2 Sampling methods
875(46)
A.2.1 'Traditional' sampling (nets and traps)
875(28)
A.2.1.1 Trawl nets
876(6)
A.2.1.2 Seine nets
882(4)
A.2.1.3 Fixed nets and traps
886(9)
A.2.1.4 Fishing lines
895(1)
A.2.1.5 Ichthyoplankton samplers
896(3)
A.2.1.6 Power station screens
899(2)
A.2.1.7 Hand gathering methods
901(2)
A.2.2 Visual and acoustic techniques
903(9)
A.2.2.1 Visual detection
903(4)
A.2.2.2 Acoustic detection
907(4)
A.2.2.3 Other observation techniques
911(1)
A.2.3 Environmental DNA methods
912(9)
A.2.3.1 DNA analysis
913(3)
A.2.3.2 Strengths and disadvantages of DNA-based methods
916(5)
A.3 Factors influencing the design of fish monitoring programmes
921(7)
A.3.1 Monitoring techniques
921(2)
A.3.2 Spatial considerations
923(1)
A.3.3 Temporal considerations
924(1)
A.3.4 A decision tree for monitoring, surveillance and survey design
924(19)
A.3.4.1 Decision level 1: definition of main questions and hypotheses
925(1)
A.3.4.2 Decision level 2: monitoring definition
925(1)
A.3.4.3 Decision level 3: types of survey required/desired
926(1)
A.3.4.4 Decision level 4: associated parameters/integrated monitoring
927(1)
A.3.4.5 Decision level 5: methods to be used in monitoring
927(1)
A.4 Acknowledgements
928(1)
References
928(13)
B Study Methods: Data Processing, Analysis and Interpretation 941(65)
Michael Elliott
Anita Franco
Sandra Ramos
Krystal L. Hemingway
Shona Marshall
B.1 Introduction
941(2)
B.2 Individual level
943(19)
B.2.1 Size
943(1)
B.2.2 Growth/age determination (otoliths/scales)
944(3)
B.2.2.1 Case studies
946(1)
B.2.3 Diet and stomach analyses
947(7)
B.2.3.1 Prey selectivity and prey importance
949(2)
B.2.3.2 Case studies
951(3)
B.2.4 Sex/gonad development/GSI (Gonadosomatic Index)
954(1)
B.2.5 External body abnormalities and fish health
954(2)
B.2.6 Toxins and bioaccumulation
956(6)
B.3 Population level
962(9)
B.3.1 Abundance
962(1)
B.3.2 Biomass
962(1)
B.3.3 Condition, disease, parasitism and liver somatic index
963(2)
B.3.4 Genetic structure
965(1)
B.3.5 Cohort analysis
966(1)
B.3.6 Growth, mortality rates and models
966(1)
B.3.7 Production
967(3)
B.3.7.1 Biological production
967(2)
B.3.7.2 Fisheries production
969(1)
B.3.8 Yield models
970(1)
B.3.9 Use of fishery statistics
971(1)
B.4 Community level
971(5)
B.4.1 Community structure
971(4)
B.4.2 Multimetric fish-based indices
975(1)
B.5 General analysis methods and the role of models
976(7)
B.5.1 The types and roles of numerical models
977(6)
B.6 Precision versus accuracy - Analytical Quality Control/Quality Assurance
983(1)
B.7 Concluding comments
984(1)
B.8 Acknowledgements
985(1)
References
985(21)
Taxonomic Index 1006(10)
Geographical Index 1016(6)
Subject Index 1022
Alan K. Whitfield, Emeritus Chief Scientist, South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Grahamstown, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Kenneth W. Able, Professor Emeritus, Marine Field Station, Rutgers University, Tuckerton, New Jersey, USA

Stephen J. M. Blaber, Honorary Fellow, CSIRO Marine Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Michael Elliott, Director, International Estuarine & Coastal Specialists Ltd, Leven, UK and Professor in Estuarine & Coastal Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK