This book describes all of the fishes found in North and South Dakota, USA. It contains a description of the waters and geology of the two states, information on the major rivers and water basins, detailed distribution tables, and a dichotomous key (already tested and in university use). A brief description of each fish family is included, and for each individual fish species found in North and South Dakota, high resolution color images, range maps, descriptions, and life histories are included. All of the information is referenced. The book also shows all of the fish sampling sites, briefly describes the history of fish sampling and identification in the Dakotas, and mentions the prominent individuals. This is the first book of its kind - the first comprehensive compilation describing every fish found in the Dakotas with all of the supplemental information.
Acknowledgements.
Chapter 1: Waters and Geology of the Dakotas.- 1.1
The Dakotas.- 1.2 Level III Ecoregions.- Lake Agassiz Plain.- Western Corn
Belt Plains.- Northern Glaciated Plains.- Northwestern Glaciated Plains.-
Northwestern Great Plains.- Nebraska Sand Hills.- High Plains.- Middle
Rockies.- 1.3 Major Rivers of the Dakotas.- 1.3.1 Mississippi River Basin.-
Missouri River Drainage (Mississippi River Basin).- Upper Mississippi River
Drainage (Mississippi River Basin).- 1.3.2 Nelson River Basin.- Red River of
the North Drainage (Nelson River Basin).
Chapter 2: History of Ichthyology
in the Dakotas.- 2.1 Prehistoric Fishes.- 2.2 1800s.- 2.3 Early 1900s.- 2.4
Post Reservoir Construction: 1950s to Today.
Chapter 3: Distribution and
Status of Fishes in the Dakotas.- 3.1 Distribution.- 3.2 Unsubstantiated
Species.
Chapter 4: Collection, Preservation, and Identification.- 4.1
Collection.- 4.2 Preservation.- 4.3 Identification.- 4.4 Equipment.- 4.5 Body
Plan.- 4.6 Fins.- 4.7 Scales.- 4.8 Counts and Measurements.- 4.9 Dissection.-
Chapter 5: Dichotomous Keys.- 5.1 Key to the Families of Fishes in the
Dakotas.- 5.2 Key to Lampreys of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.3 Key to
Sturgeons of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.4 Key to Paddlefish of North
Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.5 Key to Gars of North Dakota and South Dakota.-
5.6 Key to Bowfin of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.7 Key to Eels of North
Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.8 Key to Mooneyes of North Dakota and South
Dakota.- 5.9 Key to Shad of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.10 Key to
Thread Herrings of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.11 Key to Suckers of
North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.13 Key to Sharpbellies of North Dakota and
South Dakota.- 5.14 Key to Minnows of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.15
Key to Catfish of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.16 Key to Pikes and
Mudminnows of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.17 Key to Salmonids of North
Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.18 Key to Smelts of North Dakota and South
Dakota.- 5.19 Key to Trout-Perch of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.20 Key
to Burbot of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.21 Key to Cichlids of North
Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.22 Key to Topminnows of North Dakota and South
Dakota.- 5.23 Key to Centrarchids of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.24 Key
to Temperate Basses of North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.25 Key to Percids of
North Dakota and South Dakota.- 5.26 Key to Drums of North Dakota and South
Dakota.- 5.27 Key to Sticklebacks of North Dakota and South Dakota.
Chapter
6: Species Accounts.- 6.1 Species Accounts.- 6.2 Petromyzontidae, Lamprey
Family.- Chestnut Lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus.- Silver Lamprey
Ichthyomyzon unicuspis.- 6.3 Acipenseridae, Sturgeon Family.- Lake Sturgeon
Acipenser fulvescens.- Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus.- Shovelnose
Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus.- 6.4 Polyodontidae, Paddlefish Family.-
Paddlefish Polyodon spathula.- 6.5 Lepisosteidae, Gar Family.- Longnose Gar
Lepisosteus osseus.- Shortnose Gar Lepisosteus platostomus.- 6.6 Amiidae,
Bowfin Family.- Emerald Bowfin Amia ocellicauda.- 6.7 Anguillidae, Freshwater
Eel Family.- American Eel Anguilla rostrata.- 6.8 Hiodontidae, Mooneye
Family.- Goldeye Hiodon alosoides.- Mooneye Hiodon tergisus.- 6.9 Alosidae,
Shad Family.- Skipjack Herring Alosa chrysochloris.- Alewife Alosa
pseudoharengus.- 6.10 Dorosomatidae, Thread Herring Family.- Gizzard Shad
Dorosoma cepedianum.- Threadfin Shad Dorosoma petenense.- 6.11 Catostomidae,
Sucker Family.- River Carpsucker Carpiodes carpio.- Quillback Carpiodes
cyprinus.- Highfin Carpsucker Carpiodes velifer.- Longnose Sucker Catostomus
catostomus.- White Sucker Catostomus commersonii.- Blue Sucker Cycleptus
elongatus.- Smallmouth Buffalo Ictiobus bubalus.- Bigmouth Buffalo Ictiobus
cyprinellus.- Black Buffalo Ictiobus niger.- Silver Redhorse Moxostoma
anisurum.- River Redhorse Moxostoma carinatum.- Golden Redhorse Moxostoma
erythrurum.- Shorthead Redhorse Moxostoma macrolepidotum.- Greater Redhorse
Moxostoma valenciennesi.- Plains Sucker Pantosteus jordani.- 6.12 Cyprinidae,
Barb and Carp Family.- Goldfish Carassius auratus.- Common Carp Cyprinus
carpio.- 6.13 Xenocyprididae, Sharpbelly Family.- Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon
idella.- Silver Carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix.- Bighead Carp
Hypophthalmichthys nobilis.- 6.14 Leuciscidae, Minnow Family.- River Shiner
Alburnops blennius.- Central Stoneroller Campostoma anomalum.- Largescale
Stoneroller Campostoma oligolepis.- Northern Redbelly Dace Chrosomus eos.-
Southern Redbelly Dace Chrosomus erythrogaster.- Finescale Dace Chrosomus
neogaeus.- Lake Chub Couesius plumbeus.- Red Shiner Cyprinella lutrensis.-
Spotfin Shiner Cyprinella spiloptera.- Bigmouth Shiner Ericymba dorsalis.-
Spottail Shiner Hudsonius hudsonius.- Western Silvery Minnow Hybognathus
argyritis.- Brassy MinnowHybognathus hankinsoni.- Plains Minnow Hybognathus
placitus.- Common Shiner Luxilus cornutus.- Sturgeon Chub Macrhybopsis
gelida.-Shoal Chub Macrhybopsis hyostoma.- Sicklefin Chub Macrhybopsis
meeki.- Silver Chub Macrhybopsis storeriana.- Northern Pearl Dace Margariscus
nachtriebi.- Pugnose Shiner Miniellus anogenus.- Sand Shiner Miniellus
stramineus.- Topeka Shiner Miniellus topeka.- Hornyhead Chub Nocomis
biguttatus.- Golden Shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas.- Emerald Shiner Notropis
atherinoides.- Blacknose Shiner Notropis heterolepis.- Carmine Shiner
Notropis percobromus.- Silverband Shiner Paranotropis shumardi.- Mimic Shiner
Paranotropis volucellus.- Suckermouth Minnow Phenacobius mirabilis.-
Bluntnose Minnow Pimephales notatus.- Fathead Minnow Pimephales promelas.-
Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis.- Longnose Dace Rhinichthys cataractae.-
Western Blacknose Dace Rhinichthys obtusus.- Rudd Scardinius
erythrophthalmus.- Creek Chub Semotilus atromaculatus.- 6.15 Ictaluridae,
North American Catfish Family.- Black Bullhead Ameiurus melas.- Yellow
Bullhead Ameiurus natalis.- Brown Bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus.- BlueCatfish
Ictalurus furcatus.- Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus.- Stonecat Noturus
flavus.- Tadpole Madtom Noturus gyrinus.- Flathead Catfish Pylodictis
olivaris.- 6.16 Esocidae, Pike and Mudminnow Family.- Redfin Pickerel Esox
americanus.- Northern Pike Esox lucius.- Muskellunge Esox masquinongy.-
Central Mudminnow Umbra limi.- 6.17 Salmonidae, Salmon, Trout, and Char
Family.- Cisco Coregonus artedi.- Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis.-
Coastal Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii.- Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus
mykiss.- Kokanee Salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka.- Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha.- Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar.- Brown Trout Salmo trutta.- Brook
Trout Salvelinus fontinalis.- Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush.- 6.18
Osmeridae, Smelt Family.- Rainbow Smelt Osmerus mordax.- 6.19 Percopsidae,
Trout-Perch Family.- Trout-Perch Percopsis omiscomaycus.- 6.20 Gadidae, Cod
Family.- Burbot Lota lota.- 6.21 Cichlidae, Cichlid Family.- Jack Dempsey
Rocio octofasciata.- 6.22 Fundulidae, Topminnow and Killifish Family.- Banded
Killifish Fundulus diaphanous.- Northern Plains Killifish Fundulus kansae.-
Plains Topminnow Fundulus sciadicus.- 6.23 Centrarchidae, Sunfish Family.-
Rock Bass Ambloplites rupestris.- Green Sunfish Lepomis cyanellus.-
Pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus.- Orangespotted Sunfish Lepomis humilis.-
Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus.- Redear Sunfish Lepomis microlophus.-
Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu.- Largemouth Bass Micropterus
nigricans.- White Crappie Pomoxis annularis.- Black Crappie Pomoxis
nigromaculatus.- 6.24 Moronidae, Temperate Bass Family.- White Bass Morone
chrysops.- Yellow Bass Morone mississippiensis.- Striped Bass Morone
saxatilis.- 6.25 Percidae, Perch and Darter Family.- Iowa Darter Etheostoma
exile.- Johnny Darter Etheostoma nigrum.- Yellow Perch Perca flavescens.-
Logperch Percina caprodes.- Blackside Darter Percina maculata.- Slenderhead
Darter Percina phoxocephala.- River Darter Percina shumardi.- Sauger Sander
canadensis.- Zander Sander lucioperca.- Walleye Sander vitreus.- 6.26
Sciaenidae, Drum and Croaker Family.- Freshwater Drum Aplodinotus grunniens.-
6.27 Gasterosteidae, Stickleback Family.- Brook Stickleback Culaea
inconstans.- 7 Glossary.
AUTHORS:
Kathryn Schlafke is a Program Development Specialist for Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, USA. She worked previously for the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks in conservation education and worked on this book while completing a Masters Degree from South Dakota State University.
Matthew Wagner is a Listing and Recovery Biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. He was as the state ichthyologist for the state of Mississippi for five years and has been extensively involved with the curation of fish collections in Mississippi and South Dakota.
Chelsey Pasbrig is an Aquatic Biologist with South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, USA. She has worked primarily within fisheries for the past fifteen years with an emphasis on nongame and threatened and endangered species.
EDITOR:
Michael Barnes is the Hatchery Program Administrator at the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, USA. He was a research/writer for nearly 30 years before got assigned administrative duties. He had published over 200 articles on fish biology, aquaculture, aquaculture engineering, education, hatchery administration, and occupational safety and health.
