| Introduction |
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1 | (19) |
| Conventions |
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20 | (5) |
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I Post-Classical Philosophy In Its Islamic Context |
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First Chapter Khorasan, the Birthplace of Post-Classical Philosophy, a Land in Decline? |
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25 | (52) |
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27 | (6) |
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The Cities of Khorasan and Its Surrounding Provinces |
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33 | (11) |
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The First Half of the Sixth/Twelfth Century: Seljuq Rule |
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44 | (9) |
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The Second Half of the Sixth/Twelfth Century: Khwarazmshahs and Ghurids |
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53 | (7) |
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Other Patrons: Qarakhanids, the Caliphal Court in Baghdad, and the Ayyubids in Syria |
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60 | (17) |
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Second Chapter The Death offalsafa as a Self-Description of Philosophy |
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77 | (31) |
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Falsafa as a Quasi-Religious Movement Established by Uncritical Emulation (taqlid) |
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79 | (6) |
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Falsafa as Part of the History of the World's Religions |
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85 | (9) |
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Three Different Concepts of Philosophy in Islam |
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94 | (2) |
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Hikma as the New Technical Term for "Philosophy" |
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96 | (12) |
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Third Chapter Philosophy and the Power of the Religious Law |
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108 | (54) |
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The Legal Background of al-Ghazall's fatwa on the Last Page of His Tahdfutal-faldsifa |
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112 | (10) |
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Persecution of Philosophers in the Sixth/Twelfth Century |
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122 | (5) |
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Ayn al-Qudat's Execution in 525/1131 in Hamadan |
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127 | (11) |
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Shihab al-Din Yahya al-Suhrawardl's Execution c. 587/1192 in Aleppo |
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138 | (14) |
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Was al-Ghazali's/flfwa Ever Applied? |
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152 | (10) |
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II Philosophers And Philosophies: A Biographical History Of Philosophy In The Sixth/Twelfth Century Islamic East |
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The Principal Sources for Sixth/Twelfth-Century History of Philosophy in the Islamic East |
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162 | (14) |
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The Early Sixth/Twelfth Century: Avicennism Undisturbed |
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176 | (15) |
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Avicennism Contested: The Early Decades of the Sixth/Twelfth Century |
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191 | (12) |
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The Outsider as Innovator: Abu 1-Barakat al-Baghdadl (d.c. 560/1165) |
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203 | (23) |
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Two Ghazalians of Transoxania: al-Mas'udl and Ibn Ghaylan al-Balkhi (both d.c. 590/1194) |
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226 | (14) |
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Majd al-DIn al-Jili: Teacher of Two Influential Philosophers Trained in Maragha |
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240 | (4) |
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Al-Suhrawardi (d. c. 587/1192), the Founder of the "School of Illumination" |
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244 | (20) |
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Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d. 606/1210): Post-Classical Philosophy Fully Developed |
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264 | (43) |
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III The Formation Of Hikma As A New Philosophical Genre |
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First Chapter Books And Their Teachings |
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307 | (110) |
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Al-Razi's "Philosophical Books" (kutub hikmiyya) |
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316 | (10) |
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What Books of hikma Do: Reporting Avicenna |
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326 | (10) |
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First Perspective: Teachings on Epistemology |
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336 | (5) |
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What Books in hikma Also Do: Doubting and Criticizing Avicenna |
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341 | (10) |
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Knowledge as a "Relational State" |
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351 | (4) |
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Knowledge as "Presence": The Context in al-Suhrawardi |
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355 | (4) |
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Knowledge as Relation: Abu 1-Barakat al-Baghdadi's Key Contribution |
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359 | (10) |
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Knowledge as Relation: Sharaf al-Din al-Mas'udi |
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369 | (4) |
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Knowledge as Relation: Origins in al-Ghazali and Avicenna |
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373 | (11) |
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Do al-Razi's "Philosophical Books" Teach Philosophical. Ash'arism? |
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384 | (3) |
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Second Perspective: Teachings on Ontology and Theology |
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387 | (3) |
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A New Place for the Study of Metaphysics within Philosophy |
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390 | (2) |
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Opposing Avicenna: God's Essence Is Distinct from His Existence |
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392 | (11) |
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The Content of God's Knowledge Understood as Positive Divine Attributes |
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403 | (4) |
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What Books of hikma Mostly Do: Endorsing and Correcting Avicennan Philosophy |
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407 | (10) |
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Second Chapter Books and Their Genre |
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417 | (62) |
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The Eclectic Career of al-Ghazalis Doctrines of the Philosophers (Maqasid al-falasifa) |
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428 | (14) |
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Al-Ghazali as Clandestine faylasuf: Evaluating His Madnun Corpus |
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442 | (7) |
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The Madnun Corpus and Forgery: Two Pseudo-Epigraphies Foisted on al-Ghazali |
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449 | (9) |
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Between Neutral Report and Committed Investment: al-Mas'udi's Commentary on Avicenna's Glistering Homily (al-Khutba al-gharra) |
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458 | (9) |
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Al-Mas udi's Reconciliation of falsafa and kalam on the Issue of the World's Eternity |
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467 | (4) |
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Post-Classical Philosophy and Tolerance for Ambiguity |
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471 | (8) |
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Third Chapter Books and Their Method |
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479 | (64) |
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Dialectical Reasoning Replaces Demonstration: "Careful Consideration" (i'tibar) in Abu 1-Barakat al-Baghdadi |
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482 | (11) |
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The Background of Abu 1-Barakat's "Careful Consideration" (i'tibar) |
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493 | (6) |
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The Middle Way between Avicennism and Ghazalianism: How Fakhr al-Din al-Razi Describes His Philosophy |
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499 | (7) |
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Fakhr al-Din al-Razi's Method of "Probing and Dividing" (sabr wa-taqsim) |
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506 | (12) |
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A Case Study of the New Method: Al-Razi on God's Knowledge of Particulars |
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518 | (6) |
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The Method in Books of hikma: Implementing the Principle of Sufficient Reason |
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524 | (8) |
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The Method in Books of kalam: Limiting the Principle of Sufficient Reason |
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532 | (11) |
| Epilogue: Hikma and kalam in Fakhr al-Din's Latest Works |
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543 | (8) |
| Conclusions |
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551 | (11) |
| The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in the Islamic East during the Sixth/Twelfth Century |
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562 | (3) |
| What Was Philosophy in Islam's Post-Classical Period? |
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565 | (8) |
| Appendix 1 List of Avicenna's Students and Scholars Active in the Sixth/Twelfth Century Mentioned in Ibn Funduq al-Bayhaqi's (d. 565/1169-70) Tatimmat Siwan al-hlkma (ed. M. Shaft', 1935) and in Mu'in al-Din al-Naysaburis (d. c. 590/1194) Itmam Tatimmat Siwan al-hikma (MS Istanbul, Murad Molla 1431, foil. 126b-157a) |
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573 | (4) |
| Appendix 2 Relative Chronology of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi's Works Based on Citation Relationships |
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577 | (2) |
| Bibliography |
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579 | (56) |
| Index of Manuscripts |
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635 | (4) |
| General Index |
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639 | |