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Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in Islam [Kõva köide]

(Professor of Islamic Studies, Yale University)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 664 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 236x167x46 mm, kaal: 1066 g, 12
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-Oct-2021
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0190886323
  • ISBN-13: 9780190886325
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Hardback, 664 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 236x167x46 mm, kaal: 1066 g, 12
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-Oct-2021
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0190886323
  • ISBN-13: 9780190886325
Teised raamatud teemal:
Scholars have come to recognize the importance of classical Islamic philosophy both in its own right and in its preservation of and engagement with Greek philosophical ideas. At the same time, the period immediately following the so-called classical era has been considered a sort of dark age,
in which Islamic thought entered a long decline. In this monumental new work, Frank Griffel seeks to overturn this conventional wisdom, arguing that what he calls the "post-classical" period has been unjustly maligned and neglected by previous generations of scholars.

The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in Islam is a comprehensive study of the far-reaching changes that led to a re-shaping of the philosophical discourse in Islam during the twelfth century. Earlier Western scholars thought that Islam's engagement with the tradition of Greek philosophy ended
during that century. More recent analyses suggest that Islamic thinkers instead integrated Greek thought into the genre of rationalist Muslim theology (kalam). Griffel argues that even this new view misses a key point. In addition to the integration of Greek ideas into kalam, Muslim theologians
picked up the discourse of classical philosophy in Islam (falsafa) and began to produce books in the tradition of Plato, Aristotle, and Avicenna—a new and oft-misunderstood genre they called ".hikma"—in which they left aside theological concerns. They wrote in both genres, kalam and .hikma, and the
same writers argued for opposing teachings on the nature of God, the world's creation, and the afterlife depending on the genre in which they were writing. Griffel shows how careful attention to genre demonstrates both the coherence and ambiguity of this new philosophical approach.

A work of extraordinary breadth and depth, The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in Islam offers a detailed, insightful history of philosophy in Iraq, Iran, and Central Asia during the twelfth century. It will be essential reading for anyone interested in the history of philosophy or the
history of Islam.

Arvustused

It is certain that future research will greatly benefit from the painstaking effort at systematization Griffel undertook, as well as from the refreshing clarity and openness of his interpretations. * Marco Signori, Studi Medievali * Without doubt, Griffel's extensive study is an inspiring and thought-provoking contribution to our understanding of the post-classical era. * Sultan Saluti, Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval * Frank Griffel's The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in Islam is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand post-Avicennan philosophy in Islam. Through the study and contextualization of more than a dozen twelfth-century authors and in particular al-Rz's philosophical summae, this elegantly written, profoundly erudite book argues that the Islamic philosophy of the twelfth century "is no less philosophical than British empiricism or German idealism" and proposes a bold new assessment of the prevailing understanding of the relationship between philosophy and theology in the post-Avicennan period, both challenging and refining the cutting-edge debates on Islamicate intellectual history * Judith Pfeiffer, Alexander von Humboldt Professor for Islamic Studies, University of Bonn * Islamic thought in the twelfth, thirteenth and later centuries is now a very exciting field, which is attracting many researchers. But Frank Griffel's contribution is outstanding. His magnificent new book on it is essential reading for anyone interested in the history of philosophy, because it both rewrites the standard account with its bold new thesis, and opens up the area to non-specialists * John Marenbon, Honorary Professor of Medieval Philosophy, University of Cambridge * The post-classical period of philosophy in the Islamic world is still underappreciated but is receiving increasing attention from scholars. Griffel's important contribution to this endeavor is insightful in its treatment of major figures like Ab l-Barakt al-Baghdd and Fakhr al-Dn al-Rz. More generally, he gives a compelling picture of the nature of "philosophy" in this period, showing great sensitivity to the methods and goals of the different kinds of writing that should be of interest to the historian of philosophy * Peter Adamson, Professor of Late Ancient and Arabic Philosophy, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich * The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in Islam is, first and foremost, a landmark contribution to that tradition...it also has much to benefit historians, philosophers, and anyone interested in the ways that problematic ideas in the present-such as narratives of decline-shape readings of the past. * Hasan Hameed, Marginalia Review * The book is a masterful combination of the history of social-intellectual context (part 1), philosophical biography (part 2), and the history of philosophy (part 3), each meant to provide the most updated account of its subject matter...The book will deservedly become a go-to resource for Islamic intellectual history for a long time, and its various parts can conveniently be assigned for reading in undergraduate courses and graduate seminars. * Mehmet Emin Gulecyuz, University of Chicago, Journal of Religion * The book is a masterful combination of the history of social-intellectual context (part 1), philosophical biography (part 2), and the history of philosophy (part 3), each meant to provide the most updated account of its subject matter... The book will deservedly become a go-to resource for Islamic intellectual history for a long time. * Mehmet Emin Gulecyuz, University of Chicago, The Journal of Religion * Griffel has provided us with the most comprehensive exploration to date for the periodhe considers. It is a must-read for specialists, while also offering a valuable deep-dive for nonspecialists who seek a broader understanding of philosophy in the Islamic world. * Rosabel Ansari, Journal of the History of Philosophy * Griffel's book is without doubt a milestone in the study of Islamic philosophy, and of Islamic intellectual history more generally. It stands as a powerful exhortation for further research into the subject. * Dustin D. Klinger, JAOS *

Muu info

Winner of Winner, Sheikh Zayed Book Award, Arab Culture in Other Languages category.
Introduction 1(19)
Conventions 20(5)
I Post-Classical Philosophy In Its Islamic Context
First
Chapter Khorasan, the Birthplace of Post-Classical Philosophy, a Land in Decline?
25(52)
The madrasa System'
27(6)
The Cities of Khorasan and Its Surrounding Provinces
33(11)
The First Half of the Sixth/Twelfth Century: Seljuq Rule
44(9)
The Second Half of the Sixth/Twelfth Century: Khwarazmshahs and Ghurids
53(7)
Other Patrons: Qarakhanids, the Caliphal Court in Baghdad, and the Ayyubids in Syria
60(17)
Second
Chapter The Death offalsafa as a Self-Description of Philosophy
77(31)
Falsafa as a Quasi-Religious Movement Established by Uncritical Emulation (taqlid)
79(6)
Falsafa as Part of the History of the World's Religions
85(9)
Three Different Concepts of Philosophy in Islam
94(2)
Hikma as the New Technical Term for "Philosophy"
96(12)
Third
Chapter Philosophy and the Power of the Religious Law
108(54)
The Legal Background of al-Ghazall's fatwa on the Last Page of His Tahdfutal-faldsifa
112(10)
Persecution of Philosophers in the Sixth/Twelfth Century
122(5)
Ayn al-Qudat's Execution in 525/1131 in Hamadan
127(11)
Shihab al-Din Yahya al-Suhrawardl's Execution c. 587/1192 in Aleppo
138(14)
Was al-Ghazali's/flfwa Ever Applied?
152(10)
II Philosophers And Philosophies: A Biographical History Of Philosophy In The Sixth/Twelfth Century Islamic East
The Principal Sources for Sixth/Twelfth-Century History of Philosophy in the Islamic East
162(14)
The Early Sixth/Twelfth Century: Avicennism Undisturbed
176(15)
Avicennism Contested: The Early Decades of the Sixth/Twelfth Century
191(12)
The Outsider as Innovator: Abu 1-Barakat al-Baghdadl (d.c. 560/1165)
203(23)
Two Ghazalians of Transoxania: al-Mas'udl and Ibn Ghaylan al-Balkhi (both d.c. 590/1194)
226(14)
Majd al-DIn al-Jili: Teacher of Two Influential Philosophers Trained in Maragha
240(4)
Al-Suhrawardi (d. c. 587/1192), the Founder of the "School of Illumination"
244(20)
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d. 606/1210): Post-Classical Philosophy Fully Developed
264(43)
III The Formation Of Hikma As A New Philosophical Genre
First
Chapter Books And Their Teachings
307(110)
Al-Razi's "Philosophical Books" (kutub hikmiyya)
316(10)
What Books of hikma Do: Reporting Avicenna
326(10)
First Perspective: Teachings on Epistemology
336(5)
What Books in hikma Also Do: Doubting and Criticizing Avicenna
341(10)
Knowledge as a "Relational State"
351(4)
Knowledge as "Presence": The Context in al-Suhrawardi
355(4)
Knowledge as Relation: Abu 1-Barakat al-Baghdadi's Key Contribution
359(10)
Knowledge as Relation: Sharaf al-Din al-Mas'udi
369(4)
Knowledge as Relation: Origins in al-Ghazali and Avicenna
373(11)
Do al-Razi's "Philosophical Books" Teach Philosophical. Ash'arism?
384(3)
Second Perspective: Teachings on Ontology and Theology
387(3)
A New Place for the Study of Metaphysics within Philosophy
390(2)
Opposing Avicenna: God's Essence Is Distinct from His Existence
392(11)
The Content of God's Knowledge Understood as Positive Divine Attributes
403(4)
What Books of hikma Mostly Do: Endorsing and Correcting Avicennan Philosophy
407(10)
Second
Chapter Books and Their Genre
417(62)
The Eclectic Career of al-Ghazalis Doctrines of the Philosophers (Maqasid al-falasifa)
428(14)
Al-Ghazali as Clandestine faylasuf: Evaluating His Madnun Corpus
442(7)
The Madnun Corpus and Forgery: Two Pseudo-Epigraphies Foisted on al-Ghazali
449(9)
Between Neutral Report and Committed Investment: al-Mas'udi's Commentary on Avicenna's Glistering Homily (al-Khutba al-gharra)
458(9)
Al-Mas udi's Reconciliation of falsafa and kalam on the Issue of the World's Eternity
467(4)
Post-Classical Philosophy and Tolerance for Ambiguity
471(8)
Third
Chapter Books and Their Method
479(64)
Dialectical Reasoning Replaces Demonstration: "Careful Consideration" (i'tibar) in Abu 1-Barakat al-Baghdadi
482(11)
The Background of Abu 1-Barakat's "Careful Consideration" (i'tibar)
493(6)
The Middle Way between Avicennism and Ghazalianism: How Fakhr al-Din al-Razi Describes His Philosophy
499(7)
Fakhr al-Din al-Razi's Method of "Probing and Dividing" (sabr wa-taqsim)
506(12)
A Case Study of the New Method: Al-Razi on God's Knowledge of Particulars
518(6)
The Method in Books of hikma: Implementing the Principle of Sufficient Reason
524(8)
The Method in Books of kalam: Limiting the Principle of Sufficient Reason
532(11)
Epilogue: Hikma and kalam in Fakhr al-Din's Latest Works 543(8)
Conclusions 551(11)
The Formation of Post-Classical Philosophy in the Islamic East during the Sixth/Twelfth Century 562(3)
What Was Philosophy in Islam's Post-Classical Period? 565(8)
Appendix 1 List of Avicenna's Students and Scholars Active in the Sixth/Twelfth Century Mentioned in Ibn Funduq al-Bayhaqi's (d. 565/1169-70) Tatimmat Siwan al-hlkma (ed. M. Shaft', 1935) and in Mu'in al-Din al-Naysaburis (d. c. 590/1194) Itmam Tatimmat Siwan al-hikma (MS Istanbul, Murad Molla 1431, foil. 126b-157a) 573(4)
Appendix 2 Relative Chronology of Fakhr al-Din al-Razi's Works Based on Citation Relationships 577(2)
Bibliography 579(56)
Index of Manuscripts 635(4)
General Index 639
Frank Griffel is Professor of Islamic Studies at the Department of Religious Studies at Yale University. He is a Carnegie Scholar and a recipient of a Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Research Award of Germany's Humboldt Foundation, among others. He is author of Al-Ghazl's Philosophical Theology.