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French Grammar and Usage 2nd edition [Pehme köide]

3.96/5 (51 hinnangut Goodreads-ist)

Roger Hawkins, Richard Towell

Formaat: Paperback / softback, 480 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 244x170x27 mm, kaal: 866 g
Ilmumisaeg: 16-May-2001
Kirjastus: NTC Publishing Group,U.S.
ISBN-10: 0658017985
ISBN-13: 9780658017988

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Formaat: Paperback / softback, 480 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 244x170x27 mm, kaal: 866 g
Ilmumisaeg: 16-May-2001
Kirjastus: NTC Publishing Group,U.S.
ISBN-10: 0658017985
ISBN-13: 9780658017988

Teised raamatud teemal:

Grammar & vocabulary - (Hetkel poes: 8 nimetust)

Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780658017988.html

Grammar demystified, and usage made crystal clear with:

Explanations of all major structures of French and points of grammar
Up-to-date examples to illustrate grammar and usage
Practical tips on what can and what cannot be said
Simple-to-use organization, cross-referencing, and indexing

Here's the extensively revised and updated edition of a reference renowned for its sweeping coverage, straightforward approach, and simple explanations. Teaming up with native speaker, Marie-Noelle Lamy, the authors give extra attention to areas that are especially difficult for English-speaking learners. The guide is designed for people with an intermediate or advanced knowledge in French, and it covers both formal and informal language. The new edition features fresh examples and even easier to use cross-referencing and indexing.Grammar demystified, and usage made crystal clear with:Explanations of all major structures of French and points of grammarUp-to-date examples to illustrate grammar and usagePractical tips on what can and what cannot be saidSimple-to-use organization, cross-referencing, and indexing

Guide for the user

Glossary of key grammatical terms

xiv

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements for the second edition

xxi

Nouns

(22)

Types of noun

(4)

Gender

(12)

Number

(6)

Determiners

(17)

Articles

(1)

Typical use of the definite article

(5)

Typical use of the indefinite article

(3)

The partitive article: du, de l', de la, des

(1)

Use of indefinite and partitive articles after the negative forms ne...pas, ne...jamais, ne...plus, ne...guere

(1)

Omission of the article

(3)

Demonstrative determiners

(2)

Possessive determiners

(1)

Personal and impersonal pronouns

(38)

Subject pronouns

(13)

Object pronouns

(18)

Stressed pronouns

(4)

Demonstrative pronouns

(1)

Possessive pronouns

(2)

Adjectives

(20)

Adjectives modifying the noun

(5)

Adjectives which follow verbs or verbal expressions

(1)

Adjectives with complements

(1)

Indefinite and negative noun phrases with adjective complements

(1)

Adjectives used as nouns

(1)

Adjectives used as adverbs

(1)

Masculine and feminine forms of adjectives

(3)

Plural forms of adjectives

(2)

Adjective agreement with nouns

(1)

Invariable adjectives

(1)

Compound adjectives

(1)

Comparative and superlative forms of adjectives

(3)

Subjunctive versus indicative in clauses dependent on a superlative adjective

(1)

Absolute use of the superlative

(1)

Adverbs

(28)

Function of adverbs

(1)

Formation of adverbs with the ending - ment

(3)

Adjectives used as adverbs without addition of -ment

101

(1)

Phrases used as adverbs

102

(2)

English and French adverb formation

104

(1)

Types of adverbs

104

(18)

Location of adverbs

122

(4)

Numbers, measurements, time and quantifiers

126

(21)

Cardinal numbers

126

(7)

Ordinal numbers

133

(1)

Fractions

134

(1)

Some differences in the use of cardinal and ordinal numbers in French and English

135

(3)

Measurements and comparisons

138

(2)

Dates, days, years

140

(2)

Clock time

142

(1)

Money

143

(1)

Quantifiers

143

(4)

Verb forms

147

(39)

Introduction

147

(1)

Conjugations

148

(1)

Easy ways of generating some parts of the paradigms

149

(3)

Changes in the stem form of some -er conjugation verbs

152

(1)

Verbs whose stems end in c- or g-

153

(1)

Verb paradigms

154

(32)

Verb constructions

186

(22)

Relations between verbs and their complements

186

(1)

Intransitive constructions

186

(2)

Directly transitive verbs

188

(2)

Indirectly transitive verbs

190

(2)

Ditransitive verbs

192

(2)

The passive

194

(3)

Pronominal verbs

197

(7)

Impersonal verbs

204

(3)

Verbs which take noun + adjective or noun + noun complements

207

(1)

Verb and participle agreement

208

(14)

Subject-verb agreement

208

(4)

Agreement of the past participle with the subject of etre

212

(1)

Agreement of the past participle of verbs conjugated with avoir with a preceding direct object

213

(7)

Agreement of the past participle of pronominal verbs in compound tenses

220

(2)

Tense

222

(19)

Introduction

222

(1)

The present

222

(1)

The past

223

(5)

The future

228

(4)

Other tenses indicating the time at which events occur relative to other events

232

(3)

Combining tenses

235

(3)

Tenses in direct and reported descriptions of events

238

(2)

Tenses with si

240

(1)

The subjunctive, modal verbs, exclamatives and imperatives

241

(32)

The attitude of the subject to events: the subjunctive

241

(17)

The use of devoir, pouvoir, savoir, falloir

258

(4)

The French equivalents of the English modal verbs: `would', `should', `could', `may', `might', `ought to', and `must'

262

(5)

Exclamatives

267

(2)

Imperatives

269

(4)

The infinitive

273

(28)

Introduction: what are infinitives?

273

(1)

Infinitives as complements to other verbs

274

(1)

Verbs which take infinitive complements without a linking preposition

274

(3)

Verbs which take infinitive complements preceded by the preposition a

277

(5)

Verbs which take an infinitive complement preceded by de

282

(6)

Omission of objects before infinitives

288

(1)

Infinitives as complements to adjectives

289

(2)

Infinitives as complements to nouns

291

(2)

Infinitives in subordinate clauses

293

(1)

Infinitives as polite commands

294

(1)

Quick-reference index to verbs taking infinitive complements

294

(7)

Prepositions

301

(31)

Introduction

301

(1)

Prepositions listed alphabetically from a to vers

301

(24)

French translations for common English prepositions

325

(7)

Question formation

332

(17)

Introduction

332

(1)

Yes/ no questions

332

(4)

Information questions

336

(5)

Order of object pronouns in questions involving inversion

341

(1)

Order of negative particles in questions involving inversion

341

(1)

Use of question words and phrases: qui?, que?, quoi?, quel?, de qui?, avec combien de? etc.

341

(5)

Indirect questions

346

(3)

Relative clauses

349

(16)

Introduction

349

(1)

Use of relative qui

350

(1)

Use of relative que

351

(1)

Preposition plus qui

352

(1)

Use of lequel in relative clauses

352

(2)

Use of dont, de qui, duquel/de laquelle/desquels/desquelles

354

(1)

The use of ou as a relative pronoun

355

(1)

Use of relative quoi

356

(1)

Free relative clauses and the use of ce qui, ce que, ce dont, ce a quoi, ce sur quoi, etc.

357

(2)

Translating 'whoever', 'whatever', 'wherever', 'whenever', 'however'

359

(2)

Indicative and subjunctive in relative clauses

361

(4)

Negation

365

(17)

Introduction

365

(1)

Location of sentence negators

365

(3)

Order of negators in multiple negation

368

(1)

Omission of ne in sentence negation

368

(1)

Order of negative elements in questions and imperatives

369

(1)

ne...pas

369

(4)

ne...que

373

(1)

ne...aucun(e), ne...nul(le)

373

(1)

ne...jamais

374

(1)

ne...plus

375

(1)

ne...guere

376

(1)

ne...rien

377

(1)

ne...personne

378

(1)

ne...ni...ni

379

(1)

sans used with other negators

380

(1)

ne used alone

380

(2)

Conjunctions and other linking constructions

382

(20)

Introduction

382

(1)

Coordinating conjunctions

382

(2)

Subordinating conjunctions

384

(10)

Conjunctions sometimes confused by English speakers

394

(1)

Repeated subordinating conjunctions

395

(1)

Subordinating conjunctions used with infinitive clauses

396

(1)

apres avoir/etre + past participle linking an infinitive clause to a main clause

397

(1)

Past participle phrases used as linkers

397

(1)

Present participles and gerunds

398

(4)

Appendix

402

(3)

Bibliography

405

(2)

Index

407

Roger Hawkins, Ph.D., (Colchester, England) is a professor and head of the Department of Language and Linguistics at the University of Essex.

Richard Towell, Ph.D., (Bolton, England) is a professor and head of the Department of Modern Languages at the University of Salford.

French Grammar and Usage 2nd edition [Pehme köide]

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