| Preface |
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vii | |
| Acknowledgements |
|
viii | |
| 1. Introduction |
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1 | (11) |
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1.1 Population Growth and Food Production |
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1 | (3) |
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1.2 Agricultural Technology and the Impact of Fungicide Use |
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|
4 | (1) |
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1.3 The History of Fungicide Use |
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|
5 | (5) |
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1.4 The Growth of the Agrochemicals Industry |
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|
10 | (1) |
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|
11 | (1) |
| 2. The Fungicides Market |
|
12 | (48) |
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|
12 | (2) |
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2.2 The Global Fungicides Market |
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|
14 | (7) |
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2.3 Global Fungicides Markets by Crop |
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|
21 | (12) |
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2.4 Leading Fungicides and Manufacturers |
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|
33 | (2) |
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2.5 Farming Perspectives on Fungicide Use |
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|
35 | (13) |
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2.6 Consumer Perspectives on Fungicide Use |
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48 | (9) |
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57 | (3) |
| 3. Fungicide Discovery |
|
60 | (27) |
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3.1 Targeting Fungicide Discovery |
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60 | (8) |
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3.2 Screening for Fungicides |
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68 | (13) |
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81 | (3) |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (2) |
| 4. Fungicide Performance |
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87 | (68) |
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87 | (2) |
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4.2 General Disruption of Cell Function |
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|
89 | (10) |
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4.3 Disruption of Membrane Function |
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99 | (13) |
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4.4 Disruption of Nuclear Processes |
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112 | (7) |
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4.5 Effects on Cell Wall Function |
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119 | (2) |
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4.6 Inhibition of Protein Synthesis |
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121 | (1) |
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4.7 Inhibition of Respiration |
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122 | (7) |
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4.8 Non-specific Disruption of Cell Membrane Integrity |
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129 | (1) |
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4.9 Inhibition of Polyamine Biosynthesis |
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130 | (1) |
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4.10 Inhibition of Cat+ Signalling |
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130 | (1) |
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4.11 Undefined Mode of Action |
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130 | (7) |
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4.12 Anti-fungal Proteins |
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137 | (1) |
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4.13 Compounds Active in Plant-Pathogen Interactions |
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137 | (7) |
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4.14 Fungicide Redistribution in Crops |
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144 | (4) |
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148 | (7) |
| 5. Fungicide Resistance |
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155 | (27) |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (7) |
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5.3 The Management of Resistance |
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163 | (12) |
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5.4 Resistance Mechanisms |
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175 | (3) |
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5.5 Fungicide Resistance and the Agrochemicals Industry |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (3) |
| 6. Natural Products and the Biological Control of Crop Disease |
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182 | (15) |
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182 | (1) |
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6.2 Products Derived from Natural Sources |
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183 | (3) |
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6.3 Fermentation Products |
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186 | (1) |
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6.4 Biological Control Agents |
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187 | (7) |
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194 | (3) |
| 7. Legislation |
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197 | (13) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (2) |
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7.3 Registration Requirements |
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199 | (7) |
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7.4 Biological Control Agents |
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206 | (1) |
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7.5 Harmonization of Registration Procedures |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (2) |
| 8. Summary: Trends in Fungicide Use |
|
210 | (8) |
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210 | (1) |
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8.2 The Discovery Process |
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211 | (1) |
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8.3 New Disease Control Mechanisms |
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212 | (2) |
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8.4 Integrated Crop Management |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (2) |
| Index |
|
218 | |