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Green Chemistry and Engineering: A Pathway to Sustainability [Kõva köide]

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  • Formaat: Hardback, 384 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 243x161x24 mm, kaal: 640 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Dec-2013
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-AIChE
  • ISBN-10: 0470413263
  • ISBN-13: 9780470413265
Teised raamatud teemal:
Green Chemistry and Engineering: A Pathway to SustainabilitySuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 384 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 243x161x24 mm, kaal: 640 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Dec-2013
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-AIChE
  • ISBN-10: 0470413263
  • ISBN-13: 9780470413265
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780470413265.html
Promotes a green approach to chemistry and chemical engineering for a sustainable planet

With this text as their guide, students will gain a new outlook on chemistry and engineering. The text fully covers introductory concepts in general, organic, inorganic, and analytical chemistry as well as biochemistry. At the same time, it integrates such concepts as greenhouse gas potential, alternative and renewable energy, solvent selection and recovery, and ecotoxicity. As a result, students learn how to design chemical products and processes that are sustainable and environmentally friendly.

Green Chemistry and Engineering presents the green approach as an essential tool for tackling problems in chemistry. A novel feature of the text is its integration of introductory engineering concepts, making it easier for students to move from fundamental science to applications.

Throughout this text, the authors integrate several features to help students understand and apply basic concepts in general chemistry as well as green chemistry, including:





Comparisons of the environmental impact of traditional chemistry approaches with green chemistry approaches Analyses of chemical processes in the context of life-cycle principles, demonstrating how chemistry fits within the complex supply chain Applications of green chemistry that are relevant to students' lives and professional aspirations Examples of successful green chemistry endeavors, including Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge winners Case studies that encourage students to use their critical thinking skills to devise green chemistry solutions

Upon completing this text, students will come to understand that chemistry is not antithetical to sustainability, but rather, with the application of green principles, chemistry is the means to a sustainable planet.
Preface xiii
1 Understanding The Issues 1(20)
1.1 A Brief History of Chemistry
1(12)
1.1.1 Fermentation: An Ancient Chemical Process
2(1)
1.1.2 The Advent of Modern Chemistry
2(1)
1.1.3 Chemistry in the 20th Century: The Growth of Modern Processes
2(4)
1.1.4 Risks of Chemicals in the Environment
6(5)
1.1.5 Regulations: Controlling Chemical Processes
11(2)
1.2 Twenty-first Century Chemistry, aka Green Chemistry
13(5)
1.2.1 Green Chemistry and Pollution Prevention
13(1)
1.2.2 Sustainability
14(4)
1.3 Layout of the Book
18(1)
References
19(2)
2 Principles Of Green Chemistry And Green Engineering 21(22)
2.1 Introduction
21(2)
2.2 Green Chemistry
23(11)
2.2.1 Definition
23(1)
2.2.2 Principles of Green Chemistry and Examples
24(7)
2.2.3 Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards
31(3)
2.3 Green Engineering
34(4)
2.3.1 Definition
34(1)
2.3.2 Principles of Green Engineering
35(3)
2.4 Sustainability
38(3)
References
41(2)
3 Chemistry As An Underlying Force In Ecosystem Interactions 43(30)
3.1 Nature and the Environment
44(17)
3.1.1 Air and the Atmosphere (Outdoor and Indoor Pollution)
44(8)
3.1.2 Water (Water Pollutants, Issues Associated with Nonpotable Drinking Water)
52(1)
3.1.3 Chemistry of the Land
53(3)
3.1.4 Energy
56(5)
3.2 Pollution Prevention (P2)
61(1)
3.3 Ecotoxicology
62(2)
3.4 Environmental Assessment Analysis
64(4)
3.5 What Can You Do to Make a Difference?
68(2)
References
70(3)
4 Matter: The Heart Of Green Chemistry 73(36)
4.1 Matter: Definition, Classification, and the Periodic Table
73(4)
4.1.1 Aluminum (Al)
75(1)
4.1.2 Mercury (Hg)
76(1)
4.1.3 Lead (Pb)
77(1)
4.2 Atomic Structure
77(2)
4.3 Three States of Matter
79(2)
4.4 Molecular and Ionic Compounds
81(19)
4.4.1 Molecular Compounds
82(12)
4.4.2 Ionic Compounds
94(6)
4.5 Chemical Reactions
100(2)
4.6 Mixtures, Acids, and Bases
102(5)
References
107(2)
5 Chemical Reactions 109(30)
5.1 Definition of Chemical Reactions and Balancing of Chemical Equations
109(3)
5.2 Chemical Reactions and Quantities of Reactants and Products
112(3)
5.3 Patterns of Chemical Reactions
115(20)
5.3.1 Combination, Synthesis, or Addition Reactions
115(2)
5.3.2 Decomposition Reactions
117(1)
5.3.3 Elimination Reactions
117(1)
5.3.4 Displacement Reactions
118(6)
5.3.5 Exchange or Substitution Reactions
124(11)
5.4 Effectiveness and Efficiency of Chemical Reactions: Yield Versus Atom Economy
135(3)
Reference
138(1)
6 Kinetics, Catalysis, And Reaction Engineering 139(58)
6.1 Basic Concept of Rate
139(23)
6.1.1 Definition of Reaction Rate
139(3)
6.1.2 Parallel Reactions
142(4)
6.1.3 Consecutive Reactions
146(4)
6.1.4 Chemical Equilibrium
150(3)
6.1.5 Effect of Concentration on Reaction Rate
153(6)
6.1.6 Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate
159(3)
6.2 Role of Industrial and Biological Catalysts
162(19)
6.2.1 Definition of Catalysts
162(4)
6.2.2 Catalytic Kinetics
166(4)
6.2.3 Types of Catalysts and Impact on Green Chemistry
170(5)
6.2.4 Biocatalysis
175(6)
6.3 Reaction Engineering
181(13)
6.3.1 Batch Reactor
181(3)
6.3.2 Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor
184(4)
6.3.3 Plug Flow Reactor (PFR)
188(3)
6.3.4 Multiphase Reactor Design
191(3)
6.4 Summary
194(1)
References
194(3)
7 Thermodynamics, Separations, And Equilibrium 197(38)
7.1 Ideal Gases
197(4)
7.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics
201(4)
7.2.1 Closed System
203(1)
7.2.2 Open System
204(1)
7.3 Ideal Gas Calculations
205(5)
7.4 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
210(4)
7.5 Real Gas Properties
214(3)
7.6 The Phase Diagram
217(4)
7.7 Equilibrium
221(8)
7.7.1 The Flash Calculation
227(2)
7.8 Solubility of a Gas in a Liquid
229(1)
7.9 Solubility of a Solid in a Liquid
230(3)
7.10 Summary
233(1)
References
233(2)
8 Renewable Materials 235(28)
8.1 Introduction
235(1)
8.2 Renewable Feedstocks
236(15)
8.2.1 Role of Biomass and Components
236(6)
8.2.2 Production of Chemicals from Renewable Resources
242(9)
8.3 Applications of Renewable Materials
251(10)
8.3.1 The Case of Biodegradable Plastics
251(3)
8.3.2 The Case of Compostable Chemicals
254(1)
8.3.3 Production of Ethanol from Biomass
254(2)
8.3.4 The Case of Flex-Fuel Vehicles
256(2)
8.3.5 Production of Biodiesel
258(3)
8.4 Conclusion
261(1)
References
261(2)
9 Current And Future State Of Energy Production And Consumption 263(24)
9.1 Introduction
263(4)
9.2 Basic Thermodynamic Functions and Applications
267(5)
9.3 Other Chemical Processes for Energy Transfer
272(3)
9.3.1 Microwave-Assisted Reactions
272(1)
9.3.2 Sonochemistry
273(1)
9.3.3 Electrochemistry
273(1)
9.3.4 Photochemistry and Photovoltaic Cells
274(1)
9.4 Renewable Sources of Energy in the 21st Century and Beyond
275(10)
9.4.1 Solar Energy
275(4)
9.4.2 Wind Power
279(2)
9.4.3 Geothermal Solution
281(2)
9.4.4 Hydropower
283(1)
9.4.5 The Case of Hydrogen Technology
284(1)
9.4.6 Bathers to Development
285(1)
9.5 Concluding Thoughts About Sources of Energy and their Future
285(1)
References
286(1)
10 The Economics Of Green And Sustainable Chemistry 287(38)
David E. Meyer
Michael A. Gonzalez
10.1 Introduction
287(2)
10.2 Chemical Manufacturing and Economic Theory
289(4)
10.2.1 Plant (Microscale) Scale Economics
290(1)
10.2.2 Corporate Economics
290(2)
10.2.3 Macroeconomics
292(1)
10.3 Economic Impact of Green Chemistry
293(13)
10.4 Business Strategies Regarding Application of Green Chemistry
306(4)
10.5 Incorporation of Green Chemistry in Process Design for Sustainability
310(7)
10.6 Case Studies Demonstrating the Economic Benefits of Green Chemistry and Design
317(4)
10.7 Summary
321(1)
References
322(3)
11 Green Chemistry And Toxicology 325(30)
Dale E. Johnson
Grace L. Anderson
11.1 Introduction
325(1)
11.2 Fundamental Principles of Toxicology
326(9)
11.2.1 Basic Concepts
326(4)
11.2.2 Toxicokinetics
330(3)
11.2.3 Cellular Toxicity
333(2)
11.3 Identifying Chemicals of Concern
335(4)
11.3.1 Mode of Action Approaches
336(1)
11.3.2 Adverse Outcome Pathways
337(1)
11.3.3 Threshold of Toxicological Concern
338(1)
11.3.4 Chemistry-Linked-to-Toxicity: Structural Alerts and Mechanistic Domains
338(1)
11.4 Toxicology Data
339(2)
11.4.1 Authoritative Sources of Information
339(1)
11.4.2 Data Gaps: The Challenge and the Opportunity Arising from New Technologies
340(1)
11.5 Computational Toxicology and Green Chemistry
341(5)
11.5.1 Tools for Predictions and Modeling
341(5)
11.5.2 Interoperability of Models for Decision Making and the Case for Metadata
346(1)
11.6 Applications of Toxicology into Green Chemistry Initiatives
346(3)
11.6.1 REACH
346(2)
11.6.2 State of California Green Chemistry Initiatives
348(1)
11.7 Future Perspectives
349(1)
References
350(5)
Index 355
ANNE E. MARTEEL-PARRISH, PhD, is Chair of the Chemistry Department at Washington College, in Maryland, and the inaugural holder of the college's Frank J. Creegan Chair in Green Chemistry. Among her honors, Dr. Marteel-Parrish is the recipient of the American Chemical Society's Committee on Environmental Improvement Award for Incorporating Sustainability into Chemistry Education.

MARTIN A. ABRAHAM, PhD, is Professor of Chemical Engineering and Founding Dean of the College of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics at Youngstown State University. A Fellow of the American Chemical Society and the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Dr. Abraham maintains an active research program in reaction engineering and catalysis. He also serves as Editor for the AIChE's quarterly journal Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy.