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Chapter 1 Green Chemistry Principles and Global Drivers for Sustainability -- An Introduction |
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1 | (17) |
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1.1 Introduction: Drivers for Change |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Biobased Markets and Trends |
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2 | (2) |
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1.3 Circular Economy, SDGs, Waste, and Legislation |
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4 | (2) |
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1.4 Green Chemistry: Guiding Principles |
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6 | (1) |
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1.5 Green Chemistry: Renewable Feedstocks to Biorefineries to Circular Bioeconomies |
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6 | (9) |
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1.5.1 Green Chemistry: Green Metrics and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) |
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10 | (5) |
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15 | (1) |
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15 | (3) |
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Chapter 2 Green Solubility for Coatings and Adhesives |
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18 | (33) |
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18 | (5) |
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2.1.1 Are you Really Being Green? |
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18 | (5) |
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2.2 Current Approaches to Solubility and Solubilization |
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23 | (7) |
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2.2.1 Lattice Models -- the Minimum Necessary Theory |
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23 | (3) |
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2.2.2 Conductor-like Screening Models -- the Minimum Necessary Theory |
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26 | (1) |
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2.2.3 Using Solubility Theories for Solvent Replacement |
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27 | (3) |
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2.3 The Importance of Compromise in Finding a Solvent Replacement |
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30 | (1) |
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2.4 Choosing a Suitable Solubility Tool |
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31 | (1) |
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2.5 Solubilization -- When Solubility Fails |
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32 | (3) |
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2.5.1 Accessing KBI Values |
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34 | (1) |
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2.6 Putting it All into Practice |
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35 | (9) |
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2.6.1 Rational Substitution via HSP |
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35 | (2) |
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2.6.2 Rational Substitution via COSMO-RS |
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37 | (1) |
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2.6.3 Your New Polymer, Additive etc. -- HSP Only |
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37 | (4) |
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2.6.4 Strong Bonding Across Polymer Interfaces -- HSP Only |
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41 | (1) |
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2.6.5 Going Aqueous with KB |
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42 | (2) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (6) |
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Section 1 Natural Adhesive and Surface Coating Concepts |
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Chapter 3 Diversified Biological Adhesives and Their Differences with Synthetic Polymers |
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51 | (18) |
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3.1 Introduction: Conceptual Gap Between Chemical Synthetic Polymers and Bio-molecular Materials |
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51 | (2) |
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3.2 Diversity in Biological Underwater Adhesion and Adhesives |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (4) |
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3.3.1 Molecular Design in Barnacle Cement Proteins |
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56 | (1) |
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3.3.2 Significance of Intermolecular Hydrophobic Interaction in the Bulk of the Barnacle Adhesive |
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57 | (1) |
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3.3.3 Different Conformational Concepts at Barnacle Adhesive Interfaces |
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58 | (2) |
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3.4 Comparison of Biological Adhesives at the Molecular Level |
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60 | (4) |
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3.4.1 Mussel Byssal Thread and Tubeworm Cement |
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60 | (1) |
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3.4.2 Comparison of Molecular Mechanisms Among the Three Representative Model Systems |
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61 | (3) |
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3.5 Impacts of Biological Adhesives |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (3) |
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Chapter 4 Bioinspired Attachment Systems for Adhesive Tapes in Green Tribology Applications |
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69 | (23) |
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4.1 Green Tribology and Adhesives |
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69 | (3) |
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4.2 Natural Fibrillar Adhesives |
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72 | (4) |
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4.3 Fibrillar Adhesives as Dry, Reduced-additive Adhesives |
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76 | (2) |
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78 | (1) |
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4.5 Anti-contaminating and Self-cleaning Properties |
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79 | (5) |
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4.6 Strong Adhesion and Low-energy Detachment |
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84 | (3) |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (5) |
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Chapter 5 Lotus Effect-based Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Candle Soot as a Promising Class of Nanoparticles for Self-cleaning and Oil-Water Separation Applications |
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92 | (28) |
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92 | (3) |
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5.2 Commercial Industrial Applications |
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95 | (5) |
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5.2.1 Exterior Wall Paints |
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96 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Door and Window Glass and Skyscrapers of Buildings |
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96 | (2) |
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98 | (1) |
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5.2.4 Automotive Industry |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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5.3 Candle Soot Nanoparticles for Self-cleaning Superhydrophobic Coatings |
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100 | (8) |
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5.4 Candle Soot Nanoparticles Deposited on Mesh/Sponge for Oil-water Separation |
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108 | (6) |
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114 | (1) |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (5) |
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Chapter 6 Adhesives for Medical Applications |
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120 | (27) |
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120 | (4) |
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6.2 State of the Art -- Application Areas and Examples |
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124 | (3) |
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6.3 Research to Market -- Novel Biomimetic Adhesives |
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127 | (6) |
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6.4 Product to Market -- Regulatory Aspects |
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133 | (4) |
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6.5 Market Size and Innovation Processes |
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137 | (2) |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (7) |
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Section 2 Biobased Binders and Additives |
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Chapter 7 White Biotechnology for Polymer Building Blocks: Strategies for Enhanced Production of Bio-based 1,3-Propanediol and Its Applications |
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147 | (36) |
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Tharangattumana Krishnan Godan |
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147 | (2) |
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7.2 Production of 1,3-PDO |
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149 | (15) |
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149 | (1) |
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7.2.2 The Degussa/DuPont Process |
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150 | (1) |
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7.2.3 Hydrogenolysis of Glycerol |
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150 | (2) |
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7.2.4 Biological Production |
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152 | (2) |
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7.2.5 Substrate and Co-Substrate for 1,3-PDO Production |
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154 | (1) |
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7.2.6 Genetics of Glycerol Dissimilation |
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154 | (3) |
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7.2.7 Strain Development to Improve Production Titers |
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157 | (7) |
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7.3 Synthesis of Polyurethane |
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164 | (2) |
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7.4 Synthesis of Bio-based Polyesters |
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166 | (3) |
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7.4.1 Polytrimethylene Terephthalate |
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167 | (1) |
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7.4.2 Polytrimethylene Succinate |
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168 | (1) |
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7.4.3 Polytrimethylene Furandicarboxylates |
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169 | (1) |
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7.5 Conclusions and Future Outlook |
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169 | (2) |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (12) |
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Chapter 8 Biosilicate Binders |
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183 | (22) |
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8.1 Introduction and Market Overview |
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183 | (2) |
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8.2 Background to Silicon and Silica |
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185 | (1) |
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8.3 Silicon, Silica and Silicates in Biomass |
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186 | (1) |
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8.4 Chemistry of Alkali Silicates |
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187 | (5) |
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190 | (1) |
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8.4.2 Composition and Inorganic Distribution of Alkali Silicates in Biomass |
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191 | (1) |
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8.5 Compounds of Silicon in Adhesives |
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192 | (7) |
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8.5.1 Inorganic Compounds of Si (Silica, Silicates, Clay, and Other Inorganic Compounds) |
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192 | (1) |
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8.5.2 Wood- and Lignocellulosic-based Composites Containing Si Compounds |
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193 | (6) |
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8.6 Concluding Remarks: Biosilicates from Biomass Ash Burning as Binders for Agricultural Straw Composites |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (4) |
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Chapter 9 Adhesives Derived From Biomass Waste Streams |
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205 | (30) |
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205 | (7) |
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9.1.1 Biorefinery for Renewable Waste Streams |
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206 | (2) |
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9.1.2 Lignocellulosic Biomass |
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208 | (1) |
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9.1.3 Wood Chips, Waste Paper and Paper Deinking Residue (DIR) |
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209 | (1) |
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9.1.4 Microwave-assisted Fast Pyrolysis |
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210 | (2) |
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9.2 Microwave-assisted Fast Pyrolysis |
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212 | (1) |
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9.3 Adhesion Properties of Organic Phase Bio-oils |
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212 | (8) |
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9.3.1 Adhesion Tests of Organic Phase Bio-oils |
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214 | (1) |
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9.3.2 Adhesion Strengths of Organic Phase Bio-oils |
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215 | (5) |
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9.4 Model Compound Study of Adhesive Properties of Bio-oils |
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220 | (11) |
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9.4.1 Adhesion Properties of Single Model Compounds |
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221 | (3) |
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9.4.2 Adhesion Properties of Mixtures of Two Model Compounds |
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224 | (4) |
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9.4.3 Adhesion Properties of Mixtures of the Three Model Compounds |
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228 | (3) |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (4) |
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Chapter 10 Soy Protein Based Bio-adhesives |
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235 | (25) |
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235 | (2) |
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10.2 Introduction to Soy Proteins |
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237 | (1) |
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10.3 Chemical Modification of Soy Protein |
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238 | (7) |
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10.3.1 Denaturation of Soy Protein |
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238 | (2) |
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10.3.2 Cross-linking Agent Modification |
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240 | (5) |
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10.3.3 Molecular Modification of Soy Proteins |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (5) |
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10.4.1 Soy Protein Combined with Synthetic Polymers |
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246 | (1) |
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10.4.2 Soy Protein Blends with Natural Polymers |
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247 | (3) |
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10.4.3 Incorporation of Inorganic Matter into Soy Protein Adhesives |
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250 | (1) |
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10.5 Enzymatic Modification |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (9) |
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Chapter 11 Natural Oil Polyols |
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260 | (27) |
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260 | (2) |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (4) |
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11.3.1 Cleavage of Carbon--Carbon Double Bonds |
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264 | (1) |
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11.3.2 Functionalization of Carbon--Carbon Double Bonds |
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265 | (2) |
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11.4 NOP-based Surface Coatings and Adhesives |
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267 | (10) |
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268 | (2) |
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270 | (3) |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (1) |
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11.4.5 From Sunflower Oil |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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11.4.7 From Karanja and Cottonseed Oil |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (9) |
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Section 3 Sustainable Adhesive and Surface Coating Technologies |
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Chapter 12 Bio-based Switchable Adhesives for Carpet Tiles |
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287 | (23) |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (12) |
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12.2.1 Background and Theory |
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288 | (3) |
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12.2.2 Mechanics of Adhesion |
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291 | (5) |
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12.2.3 Switchable Adhesives |
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296 | (4) |
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300 | (7) |
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300 | (2) |
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302 | (1) |
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12.3.3 Switchable Adhesives for Carpet Tiles |
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303 | (4) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (2) |
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Chapter 13 Debondable Adhesive Systems |
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310 | (29) |
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310 | (2) |
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13.2 Temporary Adhesive Systems in Nature |
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312 | (3) |
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13.2.1 Biophysical Approaches Toward Temporary Adhesion |
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313 | (1) |
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13.2.2 Biochemical Substances with Sticking and Un-sticking Properties |
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313 | (2) |
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13.3 Light Mediated Debondable Adhesives |
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315 | (4) |
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13.3.1 Overcured Adhesives |
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315 | (1) |
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316 | (2) |
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318 | (1) |
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13.3.4 Photoisomerization |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (1) |
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13.4 Heat Mediated Debondable Adhesives |
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319 | (7) |
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13.4.1 Thermal Degradation and Thermo-cleavage |
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319 | (2) |
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13.4.2 Shape-memory Polymer |
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321 | (1) |
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321 | (1) |
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13.4.4 Expandable and Gas Forming Additives |
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322 | (2) |
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13.4.5 Diels-Alder Chemistry |
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324 | (1) |
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13.4.6 LCST and UCST Based Systems |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (1) |
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13.5 Cooling Mediated Debondable Adhesives |
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326 | (1) |
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13.6 Fluid and Solution Mediated Debondable Adhesives |
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327 | (1) |
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13.7 Electric Current Mediated Debondable Adhesives |
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328 | (1) |
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13.8 Magnetic Field Mediated Debondable Adhesives |
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329 | (1) |
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329 | (2) |
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13.10 Commercial Examples |
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331 | (1) |
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332 | (1) |
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332 | (1) |
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333 | (1) |
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333 | (6) |
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Chapter 14 Printing Inks From Renewable Resources |
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339 | (29) |
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339 | (3) |
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14.2 Printing Ink Composition |
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342 | (2) |
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342 | (1) |
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14.2.2 Vehicle or Binder Resin |
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343 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (12) |
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345 | (3) |
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348 | (2) |
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14.3.3 Lithographic Offset Inks |
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350 | (5) |
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14.3.4 Screen Printing Inks |
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355 | (1) |
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14.4 Inks for Digital Printing |
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356 | (2) |
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14.5 UV-curing Printing Inks |
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358 | (2) |
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14.6 Conclusion and Outlook |
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360 | (2) |
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362 | (6) |
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Chapter 15 Green Chemistry for Automotive Coatings: Sustainable Applications |
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368 | (27) |
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368 | (9) |
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15.1.1 A Brief Introduction to Liquid Coatings |
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369 | (1) |
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15.1.2 A Brief Introduction to Powder Coatings |
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370 | (7) |
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15.2 Introduction to Automotive OEM Coating Systems |
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377 | (4) |
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15.2.1 Current OEM Coating Systems |
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377 | (3) |
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15.2.2 Conventional Painting Procedures |
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380 | (1) |
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15.3 Sustainability Issues in Automotive Coatings and Their Applications |
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381 | (1) |
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15.4 Powder Coatings Currently Used in the Automotive Industry |
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382 | (5) |
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15.4.1 Ultrafine Powder Coatings |
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383 | (2) |
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15.4.2 Low-temperature-cure (LTC) Powder Coatings |
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385 | (2) |
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15.5 Coatings for OEM Automotive Plastic Parts |
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387 | (2) |
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15.5.1 Liquid Coatings for OEM Automotive Plastic Parts |
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387 | (1) |
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15.5.2 Powder Coatings for OEM Plastic Parts |
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388 | (1) |
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15.6 Waterborne Automotive OEM Coatings |
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389 | (1) |
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15.6.1 Current Waterborne OEM Coatings |
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389 | (1) |
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15.6.2 Innovations in Waterborne Coating Applications |
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390 | (1) |
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390 | (1) |
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391 | (4) |
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Chapter 16 Dry Powder Coating of Pharmaceutical Solid Dosages |
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395 | (24) |
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395 | (1) |
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16.2 Developments of Pharmaceutical Coating |
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396 | (8) |
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397 | (1) |
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397 | (1) |
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398 | (1) |
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16.2.4 Potential Developments for Pharmaceutical Coating |
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399 | (1) |
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16.2.5 Earlier Attempts in Dry Coating |
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400 | (4) |
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16.3 Electrostatic Powder Coating |
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404 | (3) |
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16.3.1 Industrial Powder Coating Process |
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404 | (1) |
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16.3.2 Pharm Powder Coating Process |
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404 | (2) |
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16.3.3 Film Formation Mechanism |
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406 | (1) |
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16.4 "ExsicCoat" Technology |
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407 | (8) |
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16.4.1 Technology and Processing Apparatus |
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407 | (2) |
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16.4.2 Developments of "ExsicCoat" Technology |
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409 | (3) |
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16.4.3 Extended Applications of "ExsicCoat" Technology |
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412 | (3) |
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415 | (1) |
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415 | (4) |
Subject Index |
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419 | |