Preface |
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v | |
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List of Tables and Figures |
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xiii | |
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xv | |
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PART I OVERVIEW AND INTRODUCTION TO SHALE GAS ACTIVITIES |
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3 | (10) |
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3 | (3) |
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2 Global Shale Gas Resources |
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6 | (2) |
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3 The Shale Gas Extraction Lifecycle |
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8 | (3) |
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11 | (2) |
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Shales, Shale Gas and Hydraulic Fracturing |
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13 | (28) |
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13 | (1) |
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2 Hydrocarbon-Based Energy |
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14 | (1) |
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3 But First, What is a Shale? |
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15 | (3) |
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18 | (12) |
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5 Issues which Fracking Raises |
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30 | (7) |
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6 Summary and Conclusions |
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37 | (4) |
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Hydraulic Fracturing in Shale Gas Operations: Risk and Response in Shale Gas Policy |
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41 | (24) |
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1 The Risks of Unconventional Oil and Gas Development and Regulatory Responses to Risks |
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47 | (14) |
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2 Remaining Regulatory Gaps |
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61 | (4) |
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PART II SHALE GAS ECONOMICS AND ENERGY SECURITY |
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The US Shale Gas Revolution and its Economic Impacts in the Non-US Setting: A Russian Perspective |
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65 | (42) |
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1 Shale Development and Technological Advances |
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67 | (3) |
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2 Why in the US and not Elsewhere? |
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70 | (10) |
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3 Why not in Europe? Why not in China? Why not Elsewhere? |
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80 | (4) |
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4 Domino Effects of the US Shale Gas Revolution |
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84 | (13) |
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5 Current US Problems: Financial Price to Pay for Shale Revolution |
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97 | (10) |
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Shale Gas and Global Markets |
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107 | (16) |
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107 | (1) |
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2 Definitions and Technical Characteristics |
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108 | (3) |
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3 US Achievements to Date |
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111 | (2) |
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4 Impact on US and International Energy Markets |
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113 | (3) |
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5 The Shale Revolution: Its General Benefits to the US Economy |
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116 | (1) |
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6 Anticipated Future US Prospects and their Implications |
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117 | (1) |
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7 Will the Revolution Spread Globally? |
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118 | (3) |
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8 Policy Implications of a Successfully Maturing Global Shale Revolution |
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121 | (2) |
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Shale Gas and Energy Security |
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123 | (16) |
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124 | (2) |
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2 Conventional Thinking in Energy Security |
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126 | (2) |
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3 Changing Dynamics of Energy Security: Unconventional Gas and its Challengers |
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128 | (3) |
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4 Governance of Energy Markets |
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131 | (2) |
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133 | (1) |
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6 International Oil Companies and Resource Nationalism |
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134 | (2) |
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136 | (3) |
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PART III ACCESS TO SHALE GAS RESOURCES |
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Granting of Shale Gas Licences, Land Access and Property Rights in North America |
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139 | (18) |
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139 | (1) |
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2 Permits and Licences for Shale Gas Activities |
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140 | (1) |
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3 United States Permit Requirements |
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141 | (8) |
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4 Canadian Permit Requirements |
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149 | (2) |
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5 Property Rights and Hydraulic Fracturing |
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151 | (6) |
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Granting of Shale Gas Licences, Land Access and Property Rights in Australia |
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157 | (16) |
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157 | (1) |
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2 Common Law and Statutory Rights to Ownership of Minerals and Petroleum |
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158 | (1) |
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3 Granting of Shale Gas Titles |
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159 | (5) |
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4 Land Access for Exploration and Petroleum Production |
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164 | (7) |
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171 | (2) |
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Shale Gas Licensing in the United Kingdom |
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173 | (16) |
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173 | (1) |
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2 Common Law and Statutory Rights to Ownership of Minerals and Petroleum |
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174 | (1) |
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3 Granting of Access to Shale Gas |
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175 | (8) |
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4 Land Access and Community Development |
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183 | (3) |
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186 | (3) |
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PART IV SHALE GAS LAW AND REGULATION |
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Regulating Hydraulic Fracturing |
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189 | (24) |
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189 | (3) |
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2 Petroleum Resource Ownership |
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192 | (1) |
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3 Environmental Regulatory Focus with Hydraulic Fracturing |
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193 | (17) |
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210 | (3) |
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Regulating Well Integrity |
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213 | (24) |
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213 | (5) |
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2 What is Well Integrity? |
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218 | (7) |
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3 Geology and the Environment in which Wells Operate |
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225 | (3) |
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4 Constructing or Installing the Oil and Gas Well: Basics |
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228 | (1) |
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5 Differences in Shale Wells |
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229 | (1) |
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6 Well Integrity Issues Specific to Hydraulically Fractured Wells |
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230 | (1) |
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7 Summary: Key Questions for Regulating Well Integrity |
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231 | (3) |
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234 | (1) |
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9 Summary of Key API Shale-Related Guidelines |
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234 | (3) |
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The Environmental Challenges of Shale Gas Extraction |
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237 | (24) |
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1 Introduction: The Challenge of New Technologies for Environmental Law |
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237 | (4) |
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2 US State (as Opposed to Federal) Regulation of the Shale Industry |
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241 | (5) |
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3 Shale Industry Regulation in Canada: Implications of the Quebec Moratorium |
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246 | (2) |
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4 EU Commission Recommendations on Minimum Principles for the Shale Industry |
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248 | (4) |
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5 France: Prohibiting the Shale Gas Industry |
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252 | (2) |
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6 Poland: Facilitating the Shale Gas Industry at the Expense of Environmental Concerns? |
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254 | (2) |
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7 The UK Approach to the Shale Industry: Cautious but Permissive |
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256 | (3) |
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259 | (2) |
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An Overview of Shale Gas Law and Policy |
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261 | (20) |
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1 European Position on Shale Gas Exploration and Production |
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262 | (3) |
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2 Country Developments: Poland |
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265 | (5) |
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3 Country Developments: Romania |
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270 | (3) |
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4 Country Developments: Bulgaria |
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273 | (3) |
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5 Country Developments: France |
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276 | (4) |
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280 | (1) |
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Shale Gas Law and Regulation in the United Kingdom |
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281 | (24) |
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281 | (4) |
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2 Overview of the UK Regulatory Framework for Petroleum Activities |
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285 | (3) |
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3 Health, Safety and Well Integrity |
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288 | (4) |
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292 | (4) |
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5 Environmental Permissioning |
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296 | (5) |
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6 Hydraulic Fracturing Permissioning Regime (Drill and Fracture) |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (3) |
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Shale Gas Law and Regulation in North America |
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305 | (36) |
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305 | (2) |
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2 Regulation of Shale Gas Development in North America |
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307 | (6) |
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3 Hydraulic Fracturing and the Environment |
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313 | (25) |
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338 | (3) |
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Shale Gas Law and Policy in Australia |
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341 | (28) |
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341 | (1) |
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2 Shale Gas Resources in Australia |
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342 | (3) |
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3 Regulation of Shale Gas Activities |
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345 | (20) |
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365 | (4) |
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PART V THE FUTURE OF SHALE GAS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM |
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Shale Gas and the Energy Policy `Trilemma' |
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369 | (14) |
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369 | (2) |
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371 | (2) |
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373 | (1) |
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374 | (3) |
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377 | (3) |
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380 | (3) |
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Future Trends in Shale Gas Law and Policy in the United Kingdom |
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383 | (12) |
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383 | (2) |
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385 | (1) |
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386 | (2) |
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4 Review and Regulatory Reform |
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388 | (3) |
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391 | (3) |
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394 | (1) |
Index |
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395 | |