Introducing the Landmark Twentieth Edition of the Global Icon of Internal Medicine
The definitive guide to internal medicine is more essential than ever with the latest in disease mechanisms, updated clinical trial results and recommended guidelines, state-of-the art radiographic images, therapeutic approaches and specific treatments, hundreds of demonstrative full-color drawings, and practical clinical decision trees and algorithms
Recognized by healthcare professionals worldwide as the leading authority on applied pathophysiology and clinical medicine, Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine gives you the informational foundation you need to provide the best patient care possible. Trusted by generations of students and clinicians, this cornerstone two-volume text maintains its accessible, standard-setting balance between the scientific foundations of signs and symptoms, and the clinical management of the patient. This 20th edition is more relevant—and essential—than ever, with a refreshed, user-friendly design and cutting-edge new content that reflects the latest foundational, bioscientific, and clinical insights across the full spectrum of medicine.
Essential for practice and education, the landmark 20th Edition features:
•Thoroughly revised content—covering the many new breakthroughs and advances in clinical medicine that have occurred since the last edition of Harrison’s. Chapters on acute and chronic hepatitis, management of diabetes, immune-based therapies in cancer, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease, HIV, and many more, deliver the very latest information on disease mechanisms, diagnostic options, and the specific treatment guidance you need to provide optimal patient care.
•State-of-the-art coverage of disease mechanisms: Harrison’s focuses on pathophysiology with rigor, and with a goal of linking disease mechanisms to treatments. Improved understanding of how diseases develop and progress not only promotes better decision-making and higher value care, but also makes for fascinating reading and improved retention. Harrison’s summarizes important new basic science developments, such as the role of mitochondria in programmed and necrotic cell death, the immune system’s role in cancer development and treatment, the impact of telomere shortening in the aging and disease processes, and the role of the microbiome in health and disease. Understanding the role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease, the precise mechanisms of immune deficiency in HIV/AIDS, prions and misfolded proteins in neurodegenerative diseases, and obesity as a predisposition to diabetes are just a few examples of how this edition provides essential pathophysiology information for health professionals.
•All-new sections covering a wide range of new and emerging areas of vital interest to all healthcare professionals. New sections include: Sex and Gender-based Issues in Medicine; Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolic Syndrome; and Consultative Medicine—and contain knowledge-building chapters on increasingly vital, fast-evolving areas of medical science and clinical medicine. Plus, a new Part covering cutting edge topics in research and clinical medicine includes great new chapters on the role of Epigenetics in Health and Disease, Behavioral Strategies to Improve Health, Genomics and Infectious Diseases, Emerging Neuro-Therapeutic Technologies, and Telomere Function in Health and Disease, and Network System Medicine.
•Important and timely new chapters—such as Promoting Good Health, LGBT Heal
CONTRIBUTORS
PREFACE
Part 1: The Profession of Medicine
1 The Practice of Medicine
The Editors
2 Promoting Good Health
Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Kathleen M. McKibbin
3 Decision-Making in Clinical Medicine
Daniel B. Mark, John B. Wong
4 Screening and Prevention of Disease
Katrina A. Armstrong, Gary J. Martin
5 Health Care Systems in Developed Countries
Richard B. Saltman
6 The Safety and Quality of Health Care
David W. Bates
7 Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care
Joseph R. Betancourt, Alexander R. Green
8 Ethical Issues in Clinical Medicine
Bernard Lo, Christine Grady
9 Palliative and End-of-Life Care
Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Part 2: Cardinal Manifestations and Presentation of Diseases
Section 1: Pain
10 Pain: Pathophysiology and Management
James P. Rathmell, Howard L. Fields
11 Chest Discomfort
David A. Morrow
12 Abdominal Pain
Danny O. Jacobs
13 Headache
Peter J. Goadsby
14 Back and Neck Pain
John W. Engstrom
Section 2: Alterations in Body Temperature
15 Fever
Charles A. Dinarello, Reuven Porat
16 Fever and Rash
Elaine T. Kaye, Kenneth M. Kaye
17 Fever of Unknown Origin
Chantal P. Bleeker-Rovers, Jos W. M. van der Meer
Section 3: Nervous System Dysfunction
18 Syncope
Roy Freeman
19 Dizziness and Vertigo
Mark F. Walker, Robert B. Daroff
20 Fatigue
Jeffrey M. Gelfand, Vanja C. Douglas
21 Neurologic Causes of Weakness and Paralysis
Michael J. Aminoff
22 Numbness, Tingling, and Sensory Loss
Michael J. Aminoff
23 Gait Disorders, Imbalance and Falls
Jessica M. Baker, Lewis R. Sudarsky
24 Confusion and Delirium
S. Andrew Josephson, Bruce L. Miller
25 Dementia
William W. Seeley, Bruce L. Miller
26 Aphasia, Memory Loss, Hemispatial Neglect, Frontal Syndromes and Other
Cerebral Disorders
M.-Marsel Mesulam
27 Sleep Disorders
Thomas E. Scammell, Clifford B. Saper, Charles A. Czeisler
Section 4: Disorders of Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat
28 Disorders of the Eye
Jonathan C. Horton
29 Disorders of Smell and Taste
Richard L. Doty, Steven M. Bromley
30 Disorders of Hearing
Anil K. Lalwani
31 Sore Throat, Earache, and Upper Respiratory Symptoms
Michael A. Rubin, Larry C. Ford, Ralph Gonzales
32 Oral Manifestations of Disease
Samuel C. Durso
Section 5: Alterations in Circulatory and Respiratory Functions
33 Dyspnea
Rebecca M. Baron
34 Cough
Christopher H. Fanta
35 Hemoptysis
Anna K. Brady, Patricia A. Kritek
36 Hypoxia and Cyanosis
Joseph Loscalzo
37 Edema
Eugene Braunwald, Joseph Loscalzo
38 Approach to the Patient with a Heart Murmur
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
39 Palpitations
Joseph Loscalzo
Section 6: Alterations in Gastrointestinal Function
40 Dysphagia
Ikuo Hirano, Peter J. Kahrilas
41 Nausea, Vomiting, and Indigestion
William L. Hasler
42 Diarrhea and Constipation
Michael Camilleri, Joseph A. Murray
43 Unintentional Weight Loss
J. Larry Jameson
44 Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Loren Laine
45 Jaundice
Savio John, Daniel S. Pratt
46 Abdominal Swelling and Ascites
Kathleen E. Corey, Lawrence S. Friedman
Section 7: Alterations in Renal and Urinary Tract Function
47 Dysuria, Bladder Pain, and the Interstitial Cystitis/ Bladder Pain
Syndrome
John W. Warren
48 Azotemia and Urinary Abnormalities
David B. Mount
49 Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances
David B. Mount
50 Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia
Sundeep Khosla
51 Acidosis and Alkalosis
Thomas D. DuBose, Jr.
Section 8: Alterations in the Skin
52 Approach to the Patient with a Skin Disorder
Kim B. Yancey, Thomas J. Lawley
53 Eczema, Psoriasis, Cutaneous Infections, Acne, and Other Common Skin
Disorders
Leslie P. Lawley, Calvin O. McCall, Thomas J. Lawley
54 Skin Manifestations of Internal Disease
Jean L. Bolognia, Irwin M. Braverman
55 Immunologically Mediated Skin Diseases
Kim B. Yancey, Thomas J. Lawley
56 Cutaneous Drug Reactions
Robert G. Micheletti, Misha Rosenbach, Bruce U. Wintroub, Kanade Shinkai
57 Photosensitivity and Other Reactions to Light
Alexander G. Marneros, David R. Bickers
Section 9: Hematologic Alterations
58 Interpreting Peripheral Blood Smears
Dan L. Longo
59 Anemia and Polycythemia
John W. Adamson, Dan L. Longo
60 Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes
Steven M. Holland, John I. Gallin
61 Bleeding and Thrombosis
Barbara A. Konkle
62 Enlargement of Lymph Nodes and Spleen
Dan L. Longo
Part 3: Pharmacology
63 Principles of Clinical Pharmacology
Dan M. Roden
64 Pharmacogenomics
Dan M. Roden
Part 4: Oncology and Hematology
Section 1: Neoplastic Disorders
65 Approach to the Patient with Cancer
Dan L. Longo
66 Prevention and Early Detection of Cancer
Jennifer M. Croswell, Otis W. Brawley, Barnett S. Kramer
67 Cancer Genetics
Fred Bunz, Bert Vogelstein
68 Cancer Cell Biology
Jeffrey W. Clark, Dan L. Longo
69 Principles of Cancer Treatment
Edward A. Sausville, Dan L. Longo
70 Infections in Patients with Cancer
Robert W. Finberg
71 Oncologic Emergencies
Rasim Gucalp, Janice P. Dutcher
72 Cancer of the Skin
Brendan D. Curti, Sancy Leachman, Walter J. Urba
73 Head and Neck Cancer
Everett E. Vokes
74 Neoplasms of the Lung
Leora Horn, Christine M. Lovly
75 Breast Cancer
Daniel F. Hayes, Marc E. Lippman
76 Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers
Robert J. Mayer
77 Lower Gastrointestinal Cancers
Robert J. Mayer
78 Tumors of the Liver and Biliary Tree
Josep M. Llovet
79 Pancreatic Cancer
Daniel D. Von Hoff
80 Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Pancreas
Robert T. Jensen
81 Renal Cell Carcinoma
Robert J. Motzer
82 Cancer of the Bladder and Urinary Tract
Noah M. Hahn
83 Benign and Malignant Diseases of the Prostate
Howard I. Scher, James A. Eastham
84 Testicular Cancer
David J. Vaughn
85 Gynecologic Malignancies
David Spriggs
86 Primary and Metastatic Tumors of the Nervous System
Lisa M. DeAngelis, Patrick Y. Wen
87 Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcomas and Bone Metastases
Shreyaskumar R. Patel
88 Carcinoma of Unknown Primary
Gauri R. Varadhachary, James L. Abbruzzese
89 Paraneoplastic Syndromes: Endocrinologic/Hematologic
J. Larry Jameson, Dan L. Longo
90 Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes and Autoimmune Encephalitis
Josep Dalmau, Myrna R. Rosenfeld
91 Late Consequences of Cancer and Its Treatment
Carl E. Freter, Dan L. Longo
Section 2: Hematopoietic Disorders
92 Hematopoietic Stem Cells
David T. Scadden, Dan L. Longo
93 Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias
John W. Adamson
94 Disorders of Hemoglobin
Edward J. Benz, Jr.
95 Megaloblastic Anemias
A. Victor Hoffbrand
96 Hemolytic Anemias
Lucio Luzzatto
97 Anemia Due to Acute Blood Loss
Dan L. Longo
98 Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes Including Aplastic Anemia and
Myelodysplasia
Neal S. Young
99 Polycythemia Vera and Other Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Jerry L. Spivak
100 Acute Myeloid Leukemia
William Blum, Clara D. Bloomfield
101 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Hagop Kantarjian, Jorge Cortes
102 Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
Dieter Hoelzer
103 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Jennifer A. Woyach, John C. Byrd
104 Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma
Caron A. Jacobson, Dan L. Longo
105 Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Caron A. Jacobson, Dan L. Longo
106 Less Common Hematologic Malignancies
Ayalew Tefferi, Dan L. Longo
107 Plasma Cell Disorders
Nikhil C. Munshi, Dan L. Longo, Kenneth C. Anderson
108 Amyloidosis
John L. Berk, Vaishali Sanchorawala
109 Transfusion Biology and Therapy
Jeffery S. Dzieczkowski, Pierre Tiberghien, Kenneth C. Anderson
110 Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Frederick R. Appelbaum
Section 3: Disorders of Hemostasis
111 Disorders of Platelets and Vessel Wall
Barbara A. Konkle
112 Coagulation Disorders
Valder R. Arruda, Katherine A. High
113 Arterial and Venous Thrombosis
Jane E. Freedman, Joseph Loscalzo
114 Antiplatelet, Anticoagulant, and Fibrinolytic Drugs
Jeffrey I. Weitz
Part 5: Infectious Diseases
Section 1: Basic Considerations in Infectious Diseases
11
5 Approach to the Patient with an Infectious Disease
Neeraj K. Surana, Dennis L. Kasper
116 Molecular Mechanisms of Microbial Pathogenesis
Gerald B. Pier
117 Approach to the Acutely Ill Infected Febrile Patient
Tamar F. Barlam, Dennis L. Kasper
118 Immunization Principles and Vaccine Use
Nancy Messonnier, Anne Schuchat, Lisa A. Jackson
119 Health Recommendations for International Travel
Jay S. Keystone, Phyllis E. Kozarsky
120 Climate Change and Infectious Disease
Aaron S. Bernstein
Section 2: Clinical Syndromes: Community-Acquired Infections
121 Pneumonia
Lionel A. Mandell, Richard G. Wunderink
122 Lung Abscess
Rebecca M. Baron, Miriam Baron Barshak
123 Infective Endocarditis
Adolf W. Karchmer
124 Infections of the Skin, Muscles, and Soft Tissues
Dennis L. Stevens
125 Infectious Arthritis
Lawrence C. Madoff
126 Osteomyelitis
Werner Zimmerli
127 Intraabdominal Infections and Abscesses
Miriam Baron Barshak, Dennis L. Kasper
128 Acute Infectious Diarrheal Diseases and Bacterial Food Poisoning
Richelle C. Charles, Stephen B. Calderwood, Regina C. LaRocque
129 Clostridium difficile Infection, Including Pseudomembranous Colitis
Dale N. Gerding, Stuart Johnson
130 Urinary Tract Infections, Pyelonephritis, and Prostatitis
Kalpana Gupta, Barbara W. Trautner
131 Sexually Transmitted Infections: Overview and Clinical Approach
Jeanne M. Marrazzo, King K. Holmes
132 Encephalitis
Karen L. Roos, Kenneth L. Tyler
133 Acute Meningitis
Karen L. Roos, Kenneth L. Tyler
134 Chronic and Recurrent Meningitis
Walter J. Koroshetz, Michael R. Wilson, Avindra Nath
135 Brain Abscess and Empyema
Karen L. Roos, Kenneth L. Tyler
136 Infectious Complications of Bites
Sandeep S. Jubbal, Florencia Pereyra, Lawrence C. Madoff
Section 3: Clinical Syndromes: Health Care-Associated Infections
137 Infections Acquired in Health Care Facilities
Robert A. Weinstein
138 Infections in Transplant Recipients
Robert W. Finberg, Joyce D. Fingeroth
Section 4: Therapy for Bacterial Diseases
139 Treatment and Prophylaxis of Bacterial Infections
David C. Hooper, Erica S. Shenoy, Christy A. Varughese
140 Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents
David C. Hooper
Section 5: Diseases Caused by Gram-Positive Bacteria
141 Pneumococcal Infections
David Goldblatt, Katherine L. OBrien
142 Staphylococcal Infections
Franklin D. Lowy
143 Streptococcal Infections
Michael R. Wessels
144 Enterococcal Infections
Cesar A. Arias, Barbara E. Murray
145 Diphtheria and Other Corynebacterial Infections
William R. Bishai, John R. Murphy
146 Listeria monocytogenes Infections
Elizabeth L. Hohmann, Daniel A. Portnoy
147 Tetanus
C. Louise Thwaites, Lam Minh Yen
148 Botulism
Agam K. Rao, Susan Maslanka
149 Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Infections
Amy E. Bryant, Dennis L. Stevens
Section 6: Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria
150 Meningococcal Infections
Andrew J. Pollard
151 Gonococcal Infections
Sanjay Ram, Peter A. Rice
152 Haemophilus and Moraxella Infections
Timothy F. Murphy
153 Infections Due to the HACEK Group and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative
Bacteria
Tamar F. Barlam, Dennis L. Kasper
154 Legionella Infections
Victor L. Yu, M. Luisa Pedro-Botet, Yusen E. Lin
155 Pertussis and Other Bordetella Infections
Karina A. Top, Scott A. Halperin
156 Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Enteric Bacilli
Thomas A. Russo, James R. Johnson
157 Acinetobacter Infections
Rossana Rosa, L. Silvia Munoz-Price
158 Helicobacter pylori Infections
John C. Atherton, Martin J. Blaser
159 Infections Due to Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Stenotrophomonas
Species
Reuben Ramphal
160 Salmonellosis
David A. Pegues, Samuel I. Miller
161 Shigellosis
Philippe J. Sansonetti, Jean Bergounioux
162 Infections Due to Campylobacter and Related Organisms
Beth D. Kirkpatrick, Martin J. Blaser
163 Cholera and Other Vibrioses
Matthew K. Waldor, Edward T. Ryan
164 Brucellosis
Nicholas J. Beeching
165 Tularemia
Jeannine M. Petersen, Paul S. Mead
166 Plague and Other Yersinia Infections
Michael B. Prentice
167 Bartonella Infections, Including Cat-Scratch Disease
Michael Giladi, Moshe Ephros
168 Donovanosis
Nigel OFarrell
Section 7: Miscellaneous Bacterial Infections
169 Nocardiosis
Gregory A. Filice
170 Actinomycosis
Thomas A. Russo
171 Whipples Disease
Thomas A. Russo
172 Infections Due to Mixed Anaerobic Organisms
Neeraj K. Surana, Dennis L. Kasper
Section 8: Mycobacterial Diseases
173 Tuberculosis
Mario C. Raviglione
174 Leprosy
Robert H. Gelber
175 Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections
Steven M. Holland
176 Antimycobacterial Agents
Divya Reddy, Max R. ODonnell
Section 9: Spirochetal Diseases
177 Syphilis
Sheila A. Lukehart
178 Endemic Treponematoses
Sheila A. Lukehart
179 Leptospirosis
Jii F. P. Wagenaar, Marga G. A. Goris
180 Relapsing Fever
Alan G. Barbour
181 Lyme Borreliosis
Allen C. Steere
Section 10: Diseases Caused by Rickettsiae, Mycoplasmas, and Chlamydiae
182 Rickettsial Diseases
David H. Walker, J. Stephen Dumler, Lucas S. Blanton, Thomas J. Marrie
183 Infections Due to Mycoplasmas
R. Doug Hardy
184 Chlamydial Infections
Charlotte A. Gaydos, Thomas C. Quinn
Section 11: Viral Diseases: General Considerations
185 Medical Virology
Fred Wang, Elliott Kieff
186 Antiviral Chemotherapy, Excluding Antiretroviral Drugs
Lindsey R. Baden
Section 12: Infections Due to DNA Viruses
187 Herpes Simplex Virus Infections
Lawrence Corey
188 Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections
Richard J. Whitley
189 Epstein-Barr Virus Infections, Including Infectious Mononucleosis
Jeffrey I. Cohen
190 Cytomegalovirus and Human Herpesvirus Types 6, 7, and 8
Camille Nelson Kotton, Martin S. Hirsch
191 Molluscum Contagiosum, Monkeypox, and Other Poxvirus Infections
Fred Wang
192 Parvovirus Infections
Kevin E. Brown
193 Human Papillomavirus Infections
Darron R. Brown, Aaron Ermel
Section 13: Infections Due to DNA and RNA Respiratory Viruses
194 Common Viral Respiratory Infections
James E. Crowe, Jr.
195 Influenza
Peter F. Wright
Section 14: Infections Due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Other Human
Retroviruses
196 The Human Retroviruses
Dan L. Longo, Anthony S. Fauci
197 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease: AIDS and Related Disorders
Anthony S. Fauci, Gregory K. Folkers, H. Clifford Lane
Section 15: Infections Due to RNA Viruses
198 Viral Gastroenteritis
Umesh D. Parashar, Roger I. Glass
199 Enterovirus, Parechovirus, and Reovirus Infections
Jeffrey I. Cohen
200 Measles (Rubeola)
Kaitlin Rainwater-Lovett, William J. Moss
201 Rubella (German Measles)
Laura A. Zimmerman, Susan E. Reef
202 Mumps
Steven A. Rubin
203 Rabies and Other Rhabdovirus Infections
Alan C. Jackson
204 Arthropod-Borne and Rodent-Borne Virus Infections
Jens H. Kuhn, Rémi N. Charrel
205 Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus Infections
Jens H. Kuhn
Section 16: Fungal Infections
206 Diagnosis and Treatment of Fungal Infections
John E. Edwards, Jr.
207 Histoplasmosis
Chadi A. Hage, L. Joseph Wheat
208 Coccidioidomycosis
Neil M. Ampel
209 Blastomycosis
S. Travis King, Rathel L. Nolan, III
210 Cryptococcosis
Arturo Casadevall
211 Candidiasis
John E. Edwards, Jr.
212 Aspergillosis
David W. Denning
213 Mucormycosis
Brad Spellberg, Ashraf S. Ibrahim
214 Superficial Mycoses and Less Common Systemic Mycoses
Carol A. Kauffman
215 Pneumocystis Infections
Alison Morris, Henry Masur
Section 17: Protozoal and Helminthic Infections: General Considerations
216 Introduction to Parasitic Infections
Sharon L. Reed, Charles E. Davis
217 Agents Used to Treat Parasitic Infections
Thomas A. Moore
Section 18: Protozoal Infections
218 Amebiasis and Infection with Free-Living Amebae
Rosa M. Andrade, Sharon L. Reed
219 Malaria
Nicholas J. White, Elizabeth A. Ashley
220 Babesiosis
Edouard Vannier, Peter J. Krause
221 Leishmaniasis
Shyam Sundar
222 Chagas Disease and African Trypanosomiasis
François Chappuis, Yves Jackson
223 Toxoplasma Infections
Kami Kim
224 Prot
ozoal Intestinal Infections and Trichomoniasis
Peter F. Weller
Section 19: Helminthic Infections
225 Introduction to Helminthic Infections
Peter F. Weller
226 Trichinellosis and Other Tissue Nematode Infections
Peter F. Weller
227 Intestinal Nematode Infections
Peter F. Weller, Thomas B. Nutman
228 Filarial and Related Infections
Thomas B. Nutman, Peter F. Weller
229 Schistosomiasis and Other Trematode Infections
Birgitte Jyding Vennervald
230 Cestode Infections
A. Clinton White, Jr., Peter F. Weller
Part 6: Disorders of the Cardiovascular System
Section 1: Introduction to Cardiovascular Disorders
231 Approach to the Patient with Possible Cardiovascular Disease
Joseph Loscalzo
232 Basic Biology of the Cardiovascular System
Joseph Loscalzo, Peter Libby, Calum A. MacRae
233 Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease
Thomas A. Gaziano, J. Michael Gaziano
Section 2: Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disorders
234 Physical Examination of the Cardiovascular System
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
235 Electrocardiography
Ary L. Goldberger
236 Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging: Echocardiography, Nuclear Cardiology, and
Magnetic Resonance/Computed Tomography Imaging
Marcelo F. Di Carli, Raymond Y. Kwong, Scott D. Solomon
237 Diagnostic Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography
Jane A. Leopold, David P. Faxon
Section 3: Disorders of Rhythm
238 Principles of Electrophysiology
David D. Spragg, Gordon F. Tomaselli
239 The Bradyarrhythmias: Disorders of the Sinoatrial Node
David D. Spragg, Gordon F. Tomaselli
240 The Bradyarrhythmias: Disorders of the Atrioventricular Node
David D. Spragg, Gordon F. Tomaselli
241 Approach to Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
242 Physiologic and Non-physiologic Sinus Tachycardia
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
243 Focal Atrial Tachycardia
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
244 Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardias
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
245 Common Atrial Flutter, Macroreentrant and Multifocal Atrial Tachycardias
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
246 Atrial Fibrillation
Gregory F. Michaud, William G. Stevenson
247 Approach to Ventricular Arrhythmias
Roy M. John, William G. Stevenson
248 Premature Ventricular Beats, Non-sustained Ventricular Tachycardia, and
Idioventricular Rhythm
Roy M. John, William G. Stevenson
249 Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia
William G. Stevenson, Roy M. John
250 Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation
William G. Stevenson, Roy M. John
251 Electrical Storm and Incessant VT
William G. Stevenson, Roy M. John
Section 4: Disorders of the Heart
252 Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis
Douglas L. Mann, Murali Chakinala
253 Heart Failure: Management
Mandeep R. Mehra
254 Cardiomyopathy and Myocarditis
Neal K. Lakdawala, Lynne Warner Stevenson, Joseph Loscalzo
255 Cardiac Transplantation and Prolonged Assisted Circulation
Mandeep R. Mehra
256 Aortic Valve Disease
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
257 Aortic Regurgitation
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
258 Mitral Stenosis
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
259 Mitral Regurgitation
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
260 Mitral Valve Prolapse
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
261 Tricuspid Valve Disease
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
262 Pulmonic Valve Disease
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
263 Multiple and Mixed Valvular Heart Disease
Patrick T. OGara, Joseph Loscalzo
264 Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult
Anne Marie Valente, Michael J. Landzberg
265 Pericardial Disease
Eugene Braunwald
266 Atrial Myxoma and Other Cardiac Tumors
Eric H. Awtry
Section 5: Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease
267 Ischemic Heart Disease
Elliott Antman, Joseph Loscalzo
268 Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (Non-ST-Segment
Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Unstable Angina)
Robert P. Giugliano, Christopher P. Cannon, Eugene Braunwald
269 ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Elliott M. Antman, Joseph Loscalzo
270 Percutaneous Coronary Interventions and Other Interventional Procedures
David P. Faxon, Deepak L. Bhatt
271 Hypertensive Vascular Disease
Theodore A. Kotchen
272 Renovascular Disease
Stephen C. Textor
273 Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Samuel Z. Goldhaber
274 Diseases of the Aorta
Mark A. Creager, Joseph Loscalzo
275 Arterial Diseases of the Extremities
Mark A. Creager, Joseph Loscalzo
276 Chronic Venous Disease and Lymphedema
Mark A. Creager, Joseph Loscalzo
277 Pulmonary Hypertension
Aaron B. Waxman, Joseph Loscalzo
Part 7: Disorders of the Respiratory System
Section 1: Diagnosis of Respiratory Disorders
278 Approach to the Patient with Disease of the Respiratory System
Patricia A. Kritek, Bruce D. Levy
279 Disturbances of Respiratory Function
Edward T. Naureckas, Julian Solway
280 Diagnostic Procedures in Respiratory Disease
Anne L. Fuhlbrigge, Augustine M.K. Choi
Section 2: Diseases of the Respiratory System
281 Asthma
Peter J. Barnes
282 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Pulmonary Infiltrates with Eosinophilia
Praveen Akuthota, Michael E. Wechsler
283 Occupational and Environmental Lung Disease
John R. Balmes
284 Bronchiectasis
Rebecca M. Baron, Miriam Baron Barshak
285 Cystic Fibrosis
Eric J. Sorscher
286 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Edwin K. Silverman, James D. Crapo, Barry Make
287 Interstitial Lung Disease
Gary M. Hunninghake, Ivan O. Rosas
288 Disorders of the Pleura
Richard W. Light
289 Disorders of the Mediastinum
Richard W. Light
290 Disorders of Ventilation
John F. McConville, Julian Solway, Babak Mokhlesi
291 Sleep Apnea
Andrew Wellman, Susan Redline
292 Lung Transplantation
Elbert P. Trulock, III
Part 8: Critical Care Medicine
Section 1: Respiratory Critical Care
293 Approach to the Patient with Critical Illness
John P. Kress, Jesse B. Hall
294 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Rebecca M. Baron, Bruce D. Levy
295 Mechanical Ventilatory Support
Bartolome R. Celli
Section 2: Shock and Cardiac Arrest
296 Approach to the Patient with Shock
Anthony F. Massaro
297 Sepsis and Septic Shock
Christopher W. Seymour, Derek C. Angus
298 Cardiogenic Shock and Pulmonary Edema
David H. Ingbar, Holger Thiele
299 Cardiovascular Collapse, Cardiac Arrest, and Sudden Cardiac Death
Christine M. Albert, William G. Stevenson
Section 3: Neurologic Critical Care
300 Coma
S. Andrew Josephson, Allan H. Ropper, Stephen L. Hauser
301 Severe Acute Encephalopathies and Critical Care Weakness
J. Claude Hemphill, III, Wade S. Smith, S. Andrew Josephson, Daryl R. Gress
302 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
J. Claude Hemphill, III, Wade S. Smith, Daryl R. Gress
Part 9: Disorders of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
303 Cellular and Molecular Biology of the Kidney
Alfred L. George, Jr., Eric G. Neilson
304 Acute Kidney Injury
Sushrut S. Waikar, Joseph V. Bonventre
305 Chronic Kidney Disease
Joanne M. Bargman, Karl L. Skorecki
306 Dialysis in the Treatment of Renal Failure
Kathleen D. Liu, Glenn M. Chertow
307 Transplantation in the Treatment of Renal Failure
Jamil Azzi, Edgar L. Milford, Mohamed H. Sayegh, Anil Chandraker
308 Glomerular Diseases
Julia B. Lewis, Eric G. Neilson
309 Polycystic Kidney Disease and Other Inherited Disorders of Tubule Growth
and Development
Jing Zhou, Martin R. Pollak
310 Tubulointerstitial Diseases of the Kidney
Laurence H. Beck, Jr., David J. Salant
311 Vascular Injury to the Kidney
Ronald S. Go, Nelson Leung
312 Nephrolithiasis
Gary C. Curhan
313 Urinary Tract Obstruction
Julian L. Seifter
Part 10: Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System
Section 1: Disorders of the Alimentary Tract
314 Approach to the Patient with Gastrointestinal Disease
William L. Hasler, Chung Owyang
315 Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Louis Michel Wong Kee Song, Mark Topazian
316 Diseases of the Esophagus
Peter J. Kahrilas, Ikuo Hirano
317 Peptic Ulcer Disease and Related Disorders
John Del Valle
318 Disorders of Absorption
Henry J. Binder
319 Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Sonia Friedman, Richard S. Blumberg
320 Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Chung Owyang
321 Diverticular Disease and Common Anorectal Disorders
Rizwan Ahmed, Susan L. Gearhart
322 Mesenteric Vascular Insufficiency
Satinderjit Locham, Mahmoud Malas
323 Acute Intestinal Obstruction
Danny O. Jacobs
324 Acute Appendicitis and Peritonitis
Danny O. Jacobs
Section 2: Nutrition
325 Nutrient Requirements and Dietary Assessment
Johanna Dwyer
326 Vitamin and Trace Mineral Deficiency and Excess
Paolo M. Suter, Robert M. Russell
327 Malnutrition and Nutritional Assessment
Gordon L. Jensen
328 Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition
L. John Hoffer, Bruce R. Bistrian, David F. Driscoll
Section 3: Liver and Biliary Tract Disease
329 Approach to the Patient with Liver Disease
Marc G. Ghany, Jay H. Hoofnagle
330 Evaluation of Liver Function
Daniel S. Pratt
331 The Hyperbilirubinemias
Allan W. Wolkoff
332 Acute Viral Hepatitis
Jules L. Dienstag
333 Toxic and Drug-Induced Hepatitis
William M. Lee, Jules L. Dienstag
334 Chronic Hepatitis
Jules L. Dienstag
335 Alcoholic Liver Disease
Mark E. Mailliard, Michael F. Sorrell
336 Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Manal F. Abdelmalek, Anna Mae Diehl
337 Cirrhosis and Its Complications
Bruce R. Bacon
338 Liver Transplantation
Raymond T. Chung, Jules L. Dienstag
339 Diseases of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts
Norton J. Greenberger, Gustav Paumgartner
Section 4: Disorders of the Pancreas
340 Approach to the Patient with Pancreatic Disease
Darwin L. Conwell, Norton J. Greenberger, Peter A. Banks
341 Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis
Darwin L. Co
C.F. Kettering Professor of Medicine, Chief, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL.
Anthony S. Fauci, MDChief, Laboratory of ImmunoregulationDirector, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of Health. In 2008, Dr. Fauci was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Nation's highest civil award.
Dennis L. Kasper, MD, MA (Hon)William Ellery Channing Professor of MedicineProfessor of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsExecutive Dean for Academic ProgramsHarvard Medical SchoolDirector, Channing LaboratoryDepartment of MedicineBrigham and Womens Hospital
Stephen L. Hauser, MDChairman and Betty Anker Fife ProfessorDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of California, San Francisco
Dan L. Longo, MDScientific DirectorNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBethesda, Maryland
Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Chairman, Department of Medicine; Physician-in-Chief, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
