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Health Program Planning And Evaluation 3rd Revised edition [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 576 pages, kaal: 907 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Feb-2013
  • Kirjastus: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1284021041
  • ISBN-13: 9781284021042
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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 576 pages, kaal: 907 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Feb-2013
  • Kirjastus: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1284021041
  • ISBN-13: 9781284021042
Teised raamatud teemal:
Issel (public health, U. of Illinois at Chicago) assists graduate students and professionals like health administrators, medical social workers, nurses, nutritionists, pharmacists, public health professionals, physical and occupational therapists, and physicians in developing, implementing, and evaluating community health promotion programs. She incorporates the public health pyramid, a conceptual model of program planning and evaluation, and role modeling of evidence-based practice as she discusses the context of health programs and evaluations, including definitions of health, the historical context, the community, and the role of community members; the role of diversity and cultural competence in planning and evaluation and its effects on delivery and evaluation; defining the health problem, including planning systems and conducting a community needs assessment; planning, program theory, and developing goals and objectives; implementation, fiscal data systems, evaluating outputs, and program quality and fidelity; methods for effect evaluations; and using evaluation results in making decisions. This edition has updated examples; a new chapter on fiscal issues and programmatic tracking; and new topics, such as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, information systems and web-based technology, and global health planning and evaluation. Terminology has been modified to be consistent with that used in theory testing and statistical analyses. A companion website contains crosswords, flashcards, a glossary, chapter quizzes, and matching questions. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
List of Figures
xix
List of Tables
xxi
List of Exhibits
xxv
Preface to the Third Edition xxvii
Acknowledgments xxxv
List of Acronyms
xxxvii
SECTION I The Context of Health Program Development and Evaluation
1(76)
1 Context of Health Program Development and Evaluation
3(34)
History and Context
4(5)
Concept of Health
4(1)
History of Health Program Planning
5(4)
Evaluation as a Profession
9(4)
Who Does Planning and Evaluations?
11(2)
Roles of Evaluators
13(1)
Planning and Evaluation Cycle
13(6)
Interdependent and Cyclic Nature of Planning and Evaluation
13(4)
Program Life Cycle
17(2)
Types of Evaluation
19(5)
Mandated and Voluntary Evaluations
22(1)
When Not to Evaluate
23(1)
The Public Health Pyramid
24(6)
Use of the Public Health Pyramid in Program Planning and Evaluation
26(1)
The Public Health Pyramid as an Ecological Model
27(2)
Health Programs, Projects, and Services
29(1)
Layetteville and Bowe County
30(1)
Across the Pyramid
30(2)
Discussion Questions
32(1)
Internet Resources
32(1)
References
33(4)
2 Relevance of Diversity and Disparities to Health Programs
37(40)
Health Disparities
39(3)
Diversity and Health Disparities
40(2)
Diversity and Health Programs
42(1)
Measurement
42(6)
Interventions
48(7)
Influences of Sociocultural Diversity on Interventions
48(2)
Influences of Biological Diversity on Interventions
50(1)
Approaches to Developing Programs
51(1)
Profession and Provider Diversity
52(1)
The Three Health Provider Sectors
52(3)
Diversity within Healthcare Organizations and Programs
55(10)
Organizational Culture
56(1)
Cultural Competency Continuum
57(5)
Enhancing Cultural Competency
62(3)
Stakeholders and Coalitions
65(2)
Across the Pyramid
67(3)
Discussion Questions
70(1)
Internet Resources
70(1)
References
71(6)
SECTION II Defining the Health Problem
77(102)
3 Planning for Health Programs and Services
79(34)
Definitions of Planning
80(1)
Historical Background on Planning in Public Health
80(5)
PATCH
82(1)
APEXPH
82(1)
MAPP
83(1)
CHIP
83(1)
PACE-EH
84(1)
In Summary
84(1)
Triggering the Planning Cycle
85(2)
The Fuzzy Aspects of Planning
87(7)
Paradoxes
87(2)
Assumptions
89(2)
Uncertainty, Ambiguity, Risk, and Control
91(1)
Ethics and Planning
92(2)
Approaches to Planning
94(8)
Incremental Approach
96(1)
Apolitical Approach
96(1)
Advocacy Approach
97(1)
Communication Action Approach
98(1)
Comprehensive Rational Approach
99(1)
Strategic Planning Approach
100(1)
Summary of Approaches
101(1)
Planning Steps and Stages
102(5)
Team Formation and Development
102(2)
Creation of a Vision
104(1)
Investigation
104(2)
Prioritization
106(1)
Decision
106(1)
Implementation and Continuation
107(1)
Across the Pyramid
107(1)
Discussion Questions
108(1)
Internet Resources
109(1)
References
110(3)
4 Community Health Assessment for Program Planning
113(28)
Defining Community
113(5)
Community as Context and Target
115(1)
Defining Terms: Based, Focused, and Driven
116(2)
Types of Needs
118(2)
Perspectives on Assessment
120(6)
Epidemiological Perspective
120(3)
Public Health Perspective
123(1)
Social Perspective
123(1)
Asset Perspective
124(1)
Rapid Perspective
125(1)
Types of Assessments
126(3)
Organizational Assessment
126(1)
Marketing Assessment
127(1)
Needs Assessment
127(1)
Community Health Assessment
128(1)
Workforce Assessment
129(1)
Steps in Conducting the Assessment
129(4)
Involve Community Members
130(1)
Define the Population
131(1)
Define the Problem to Be Assessed
132(1)
Anticipate Data-Related and Methodological Issues
133(2)
Across the Pyramid
135(1)
Discussion Questions
136(1)
Internet Resources
137(1)
References
138(3)
5 Characterizing and Defining the Health Problem
141(38)
Collecting Data from Multiple Sources
141(3)
Public Data
141(1)
Published Literature
142(1)
Primary Data
142(1)
Observational Data
143(1)
Archival Data
143(1)
Proprietary Data
143(1)
Other Data Sources
144(1)
Collecting Descriptive Data
144(7)
Magnitude of the Problem
144(1)
Dynamics Leading to the Problem
145(1)
Population Characteristics
146(1)
Attitudes and Behaviors
146(2)
Years of Life and Quality of Life
148(3)
Statistics for Describing Health Problems
151(4)
Descriptive Statistics
151(3)
Geographic Information Systems: Mapping
154(1)
Small Numbers and Small Areas
154(1)
Stating the Health Problem
155(9)
Diagramming the Health Problem
156(6)
Writing a Causal Theory of the Health Problem
162(2)
Prioritizing Health Problems
164(7)
Nominal Group Technique
165(1)
Basic Priority Rating System
166(3)
Propriety, Economics, Acceptability, Resources, and Legality (PEARL) Component
169(1)
Prioritizing Based on Importance and Changeability
170(1)
Across the Pyramid
171(3)
Discussion Questions and Activities
174(1)
Internet Resources
174(1)
References
175(4)
SECTION III Health Program Development
179(70)
6 Program Theory and Interventions Revealed
181(34)
Program Theory
182(3)
Process Theory
183(1)
Effect Theory
184(1)
Interventions
185(12)
Finding and Identifying Interventions
186(1)
Types of Interventions
187(1)
Specifying Intervention Administration and Dosage
188(3)
Interventions and Program Components
191(1)
Characteristics of Good Interventions
192(5)
Path to Program Outcomes and Impacts
197(4)
Elements of the Effect Theory
198(3)
Generating the Effect Theory
201(5)
Involve Key Stakeholders
201(2)
Draw Upon the Scientific Literature
203(2)
Diagram the Causal Chain of Events
205(1)
Check Against Assumptions
205(1)
Functions of Program Theory
206(3)
Provide Guidance
206(1)
Enable Explanations
207(1)
Form a Basis for Communication
208(1)
Make a Scientific Contribution
209(1)
Across the Pyramid
209(1)
Discussion Questions and Activities
210(1)
Internet Resources
211(1)
References
212(3)
7 Program Objectives and Setting Targets
215(34)
Program Goals and Objectives
215(11)
Goals
216(1)
Foci of Objectives
216(5)
Objectives and Indicators
221(2)
Good Goals and Objectives
223(3)
Using Data to Set Target Values
226(19)
Decisional Framework for Setting Target Values
227(4)
Stratification and Object Target Values
231(1)
Use of Logic Statements to Develop Targets
232(1)
Options for Calculating Target Values
233(12)
Caveats to the Goal-Oriented Approach
245(1)
Across the Pyramid
246(1)
Discussion Questions and Activities
247(1)
Internet Resources
247(1)
References
248(1)
SECTION IV Implementing and Monitoring the Health Program
249(114)
8 Program Implementation
251(32)
Organizational Plan Inputs
253(8)
Human Resources
253(4)
Physical Resources
257(1)
Transportation
258(1)
Informational Resources
258(1)
Time
258(1)
Managerial Resources
259(1)
Fiscal Resources
260(1)
Organizational Plan Outputs
261(2)
Timeline
261(1)
Operations Manual
261(2)
Organizational Chart
263(1)
Information System
263(1)
Inputs to Service Utilization Plan
263(9)
Social Marketing
263(1)
Eligibility Screening
264(5)
Queuing
269(1)
Intervention Delivery
270(2)
Services Utilization Plan Outputs
272(2)
Summary: Elements of Organizational and Services Utilization Plans
273(1)
Alternative Plan Formats
274(4)
Logic Models
275(1)
Business Plans
276(2)
Across the Pyramid
278(1)
Discussion Questions and Activities
279(1)
Internet Resources
280(1)
References
281(2)
9 Monitoring Implementation Through Budgets and Information Systems
283(22)
Budgets and Budgeting
283(3)
Budgeting Terminology
284(2)
Budgeting as Part of Planning
286(6)
Monetize and Compute Program Costs
286(1)
Budget for Start-Up and Evaluation Costs
287(1)
Break-Even Analysis
288(4)
Budget Justification
292(1)
Budget as a Monitoring Tool
292(6)
Budget Variance
293(1)
Types of Cost Analyses
293(5)
Information Systems
298(3)
Health Informatics Terminology
298(1)
Information Systems Considerations
299(2)
Across the Pyramid
301(1)
Discussion Questions and Activities
302(1)
Internet Resources
303(1)
References
303(2)
10 Implementation Evaluation: Measuring Inputs and Outputs
305(34)
Assessing the Implementation
305(5)
Implementation Documentation
307(1)
Implementation Assessment
307(1)
Implementation Evaluation
308(2)
Efficacy, Effectiveness, and Efficiency
310(1)
Data Collection Methods
311(3)
Quantifying Inputs to the Organizational Plan
314(5)
Human Resources
316(2)
Physical Resources
318(1)
Quantifying Outputs of the Organizational Plan
319(1)
Information Systems
319(1)
Monetary Resources
320(1)
Quantifying Inputs to the Services Utilization Plan
320(5)
Participants and Recipients
320(2)
Intervention Delivery and Fidelity
322(3)
Quantifying Outputs of the Services Utilization Plan
325(9)
Coverage as Program Reach
325(4)
Participant-Related Issues
329(4)
Program Logistics
333(1)
Across the Pyramid
334(2)
Discussion Questions and Activities
336(1)
Internet Resources
336(1)
References
337(2)
11 Program Quality and Fidelity: Managerial and Contextual Considerations
339(24)
The Accountability Context
340(2)
Program Accountability
340(1)
Professional Accountability
341(1)
Performance and Quality: Navigating the Interface
342(10)
Quality Improvement Approaches
343(1)
Quality Improvement Tools
344(3)
Relevance to Health Programs
347(1)
Performance Measurement
347(4)
Informatics and Information Technology
351(1)
Creating Change for Quality and Fidelity
352(5)
Interpreting Implementation Data
352(2)
Maintaining Program Process Quality and Fidelity
354(2)
Managing Group Processes for Quality and Fidelity
356(1)
When and What Not to Change
356(1)
Formative Evaluations
357(1)
Across the Pyramid
357(1)
Discussion Questions
358(1)
Internet Resources
359(1)
References
360(3)
SECTION V Outcome and Impact Evaluation of Health Programs
363(150)
12 Planning the Intervention Effect Evaluations
365(28)
Developing the Evaluation Questions
366(7)
Characteristics of the Right Question
367(2)
Outcome Documentation, Outcome Assessment, and Outcome Evaluation
369(1)
Evaluation and Research
370(2)
Rigor in Evaluation
372(1)
Variables from the Program Effect Theory
373(5)
Outcome and Impact Dependent Variables
373(3)
Causal Factors as Independent Variables
376(1)
Antecedent, Moderating, and Mediating Factors as Variables
376(2)
Measurement Considerations
378(5)
Units of Observation
378(1)
Types of Variables (Levels of Measurement)
378(3)
Timing
381(1)
Sensitivity of Measures
382(1)
Threats to Data Quality
383(3)
Missing Data
384(1)
Reliability Concerns
384(1)
Validity of Measures
385(1)
Contextual Considerations in Planning the Evaluation
386(3)
Evaluation Standards
386(1)
Ethics
387(1)
Stakeholders
388(1)
Across the Pyramid
389(2)
Discussion Questions and Activities
391(1)
Internet Resources
391(1)
References
391(2)
13 Choosing Designs for Effect Evaluations
393(36)
Evaluation Design Caveats
394(8)
Considerations in Choosing a Design
395(6)
Integrated Use of Designs: An Example
401(1)
Choosing the Evaluation Design
402(20)
Identifying Design Options
402(1)
Overview of the Decision Tree
403(3)
Designs for Outcome Documentation
406(4)
Designs for Outcome Assessment
410(8)
Designs for Outcome Evaluation
418(1)
Practical Issues with Experimental Designs
419(3)
Designs and Failures
422(2)
Across the Pyramid
424(1)
Discussion Questions
425(1)
Internet Resources
425(1)
References
426(3)
14 Sampling Designs and Data Sources for Effect Evaluations
429(24)
Sampling Realities
429(2)
Sample Construction
431(7)
Hard-to-Reach Populations
433(1)
Sample Size
434(1)
Calculating Response Rates
435(3)
Sampling for Effect Evaluations
438(3)
Sampling for Outcome Assessment
438(2)
Sampling for Outcome Evaluation
440(1)
Data Collection Methods
441(7)
Surveys and Questionnaires
443(3)
Secondary Data
446(2)
Physical Data
448(1)
Across the Pyramid
448(1)
Discussion Questions and Activities
449(1)
Internet Resources
449(1)
References
450(3)
15 Quantitative Data Analysis and Interpretation
453(32)
Data Entry and Management
454(4)
Outliers
456(1)
Linked Data
456(2)
Sample Description
458(1)
Thinking About Change
458(7)
Change as a Difference Score
458(2)
Issues with Quantifying Change from the Program
460(4)
Clinical and Statistical Significance
464(1)
Across Levels of Analysis
465(2)
Statistical Answers to the Questions
467(10)
Description
470(1)
Comparison
471(1)
Association
472(3)
Prediction
475(2)
Interpretation
477(3)
Four Fallacies of Interpretation
478(2)
Ecological Fallacy
480(1)
Across the Pyramid
480(1)
Discussion Questions and Activities
481(1)
Internet Resources
482(1)
References
483(2)
16 Qualitative Methods for Planning and Evaluation
485(28)
Qualitative Methods Throughout the Planning and Evaluation Cycle
485(1)
Qualitative Methods
486(11)
Individual In-Depth Interview
487(2)
Written Open-Ended Questions
489(1)
Focus Group
490(1)
Observation
491(2)
Case Study
493(2)
Innovative Methods
495(2)
Scientific Rigor
497(2)
Sampling for Qualitative Methods
499(3)
Analysis of Qualitative Data
502(5)
Overview of Analytic Process
502(3)
Software
505(1)
Issues to Consider
506(1)
Presentation of Findings
507(1)
Across the Pyramid
507(2)
Discussion Questions and Activities
509(1)
Internet Resources
509(1)
References
510(3)
SECTION VI Additional Considerations for Evaluators
513(32)
17 Program Evaluators' Responsibilities
515(30)
Ethical Responsibilities
515(6)
Institutional Review Board Approval and Informed Consent
516(1)
Ethics and Evaluation
517(3)
HIPAA and Evaluations
520(1)
Responsible Spin of Data and Information
521(4)
Persuasion and Information
521(2)
Information and Sense Making
523(2)
Reporting Responsibly
525(8)
Report Writing
525(2)
Making Recommendations
527(4)
Misuse of Evaluations
531(1)
Broader Dissemination
532(1)
Expansions and Replications
533(1)
Responsible Contracts
533(3)
Organization-Evaluator Relationship
533(2)
Health Policy
535(1)
Responsible for Evaluation Quality
536(1)
Responsible for Current Practice
537(2)
RE-AIM and Other Models
537(1)
Meta-Analysis
538(1)
Across the Pyramid
539(2)
Discussion Questions and Activities
541(1)
Internet Resources
541(1)
References
542(3)
Index 545
L. Michele Issels public health experience began as a public health nurse in California followed by directing Public Health Nursing in Jefferson County, Washington. 'She has consulted with federal, state, and city governments on performance measures, workforce readiness, and implementing evidence-based practice.' She was 'Editor-in-Chief of Health Care Management Review for 15 years.' She received her Masters and PhD from the University of Washington School of Nursing, with a minor in health services research from the School of Public Health at University of Washington.