Preface |
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ix | |
Acknowledgments |
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xi | |
Editor |
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xiii | |
Contributors |
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xv | |
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1 | (26) |
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1.1 Composition and Types of Air Source Heat Pumps |
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2 | (5) |
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1.1.1 Composition of air source heat pumps |
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2 | (1) |
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1.1.2 Types of air source heat pumps |
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3 | (4) |
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1.2 The Problems and Progress of Air Source Heat Pumps |
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7 | (14) |
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1.2.1 Problems of air source heat pumps |
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7 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Analysis on heating capacity reduction of air source heat pump |
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8 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Low temperature air source heat pump technologies |
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9 | (8) |
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17 | (4) |
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1.3 Variable Volume Ratio Two-stage Compression Air Source Heat Pump Technology |
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21 | (6) |
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1.3.1 Limitations of existing air source heat pump technology |
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21 | (2) |
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1.3.2 Variable volume ratio two-stage compression air source heat pump |
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23 | (4) |
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2 Analysis of Variable Volume Ratio Two-stage Compression Heat Pump Cycle |
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27 | (82) |
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2.1 Basic Knowledge of Vapor Compression Heat Pump Cycle |
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28 | (9) |
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2.1.1 Reverse Carnot cycle |
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28 | (2) |
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2.1.2 Vapor compression heat pump cycle |
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30 | (7) |
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2.2 Categories and Basic Principle of Two-stage Compression Heat Pump Cycle |
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37 | (8) |
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2.2.1 Categories of two-stage compression interstage vapor injection heat pump cycle |
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38 | (6) |
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2.2.2 Basic principle of two-stage compression two-step throttling interstage incomplete cooling cycle |
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44 | (1) |
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2.3 Thermodynamic Characteristics Analysis of Two-stage Compression Heat Pump Cycle |
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45 | (35) |
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2.3.1 Theoretical model and calculation method of two-stage compression cycle |
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46 | (4) |
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2.3.2 Calculation and analysis of optimal volume ratio |
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50 | (5) |
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2.3.3 Influences of thermodynamic parameters on the performance of the two-stage compression cycle? |
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55 | (12) |
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2.3.4 Influences of volume ratio on the performance of the two-stage compression cycle |
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67 | (3) |
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2.3.5 Influence analysis of refrigerants |
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70 | (5) |
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2.3.6 Influence analysis of vapor injection with liquid |
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75 | (2) |
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2.3.7 Optimal intermediate pressure for two-stage compression cycle |
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77 | (3) |
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2.4 Determination of the Volume Ratios of the Two-stage Compressor with Variable Volume Ratio |
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80 | (18) |
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2.4.1 Determination of volume ratios |
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81 | (16) |
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2.4.2 Determination of cylinder working volume of two-stage compressor with variable volume ratio |
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97 | (1) |
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2.5 Theoretical Analysis of Intermediate Pressure of Two-stage Compression Cycle |
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98 | (11) |
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2.5.1 Intermediate pressure without interstage vapor injection |
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99 | (4) |
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2.5.2 Influence of vapor injection on intermediate pressure |
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103 | (2) |
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2.5.3 Analysis of the relationship between intermediate pressure and vapor injection parameters |
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105 | (4) |
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3 Triple-cylinder Two-stage Compressor with Variable Volume Ratio |
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109 | (92) |
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3.1 Operating Principle and Characteristics of the Rolling Piston Compressor |
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110 | (8) |
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3.1.1 Compression mechanism |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (3) |
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116 | (2) |
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3.2 Operating Principle and Structure of a Two-stage Compressor with Variable Volume Ratio |
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118 | (10) |
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3.2.1 Operating principle and the switching of volume ratio |
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118 | (4) |
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3.2.2 Structure of two-stage compressor with variable volume ratio |
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122 | (6) |
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3.3 Thermodynamic Performance Analysis |
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128 | (16) |
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3.3.1 Working chamber volume and working pressure of the cylinder |
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128 | (4) |
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3.3.2 Volumetric efficiency of cylinder and its influencing factors |
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132 | (4) |
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3.3.3 Volumetric efficiency of compressor |
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136 | (1) |
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3.3.4 Displacement of compressor |
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137 | (2) |
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3.3.5 Indicated work and power |
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139 | (5) |
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3.4 Dynamic Analysis of Moving Mechanisms |
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144 | (28) |
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3.4.1 Motion and force analysis of motion mechanism for cylinder |
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144 | (14) |
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3.4.2 Force analysis of crankshaft |
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158 | (5) |
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3.4.3 Total resistance moment |
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163 | (3) |
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3.4.4 Dynamic balance of rotor |
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166 | (6) |
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3.5 Main Structural Parameters |
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172 | (4) |
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3.5.1 Structural parameters of cylinder |
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172 | (2) |
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3.5.2 Structural dimensions |
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174 | (2) |
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3.6 Lubrication and Influencing Factors |
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176 | (25) |
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3.6.1 The functions and requirements of lubricant oil and the selection method |
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177 | (7) |
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3.6.2 Oil discharge and controlling |
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184 | (5) |
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3.6.3 Oil return and controlling |
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189 | (2) |
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3.6.4 Hazard and control measures of liquid return |
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191 | (10) |
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4 Basic Principles of System Control |
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201 | (48) |
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4.1 Control Method of Throttling Module |
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203 | (28) |
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4.1.1 Throttling control methods for the two-stage compression one-step throttling interstage incomplete cooling heat pump system |
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204 | (7) |
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4.1.2 Throttling control methods for the two-stage compression two-step throttling interstage incomplete cooling heat pump system |
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211 | (20) |
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4.2 Control Method of Compression Module |
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231 | (18) |
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4.2.1 Control strategy in startup phase |
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231 | (5) |
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4.2.2 Control strategy in operation phase |
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236 | (6) |
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4.2.3 Defrosting operation control strategy |
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242 | (4) |
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4.2.4 Control strategy of oil return operation |
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246 | (3) |
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5 Optimization Analysis of Low Temperature Air Source Heat Pump System |
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249 | (22) |
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5.1 Optimization Analysis of Electronic Expansion Valve |
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250 | (9) |
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5.1.1 General mass flow rate correlation of electronic expansion valve |
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250 | (2) |
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5.1.2 Optimization of first-step and second-step electronic expansion valves for two-stage compression two-step throttling cycle |
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252 | (3) |
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5.1.3 Optimization of main and branched electronic expansion valves for two-stage compression one-step throttling cycle |
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255 | (4) |
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5.2 Optimization Analysis of Heat Exchanger |
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259 | (7) |
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5.2.1 Analysis of refrigerant thermophysical property |
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259 | (2) |
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5.2.2 Simulation analysis of fm-and-tube heat exchanger |
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261 | (5) |
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5.3 Optimization Analysis of Suction Pipe |
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266 | (5) |
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6 Low Temperature Air-to-Air Heat Pump |
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271 | (54) |
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6.1 Split-type Room Air conditioner of Air Source Heat Pump Type |
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272 | (18) |
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272 | (1) |
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6.1.2 System control strategy |
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273 | (7) |
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6.1.3 System performance comparison |
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280 | (10) |
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6.2 Mini Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-split Heat Pump |
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290 | (11) |
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292 | (1) |
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6.2.2 System control strategy |
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293 | (1) |
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6.2.3 Performance comparison analysis |
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293 | (8) |
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6.3 Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-split Heat Pump |
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301 | (13) |
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301 | (1) |
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6.3.2 System configuration |
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301 | (1) |
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6.3.3 System control strategy |
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301 | (8) |
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6.3.4 Performance comparison analysis |
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309 | (5) |
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6.4 Modular Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-split Heat Pump |
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314 | (11) |
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314 | (1) |
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6.4.2 Compressor capacity control strategy |
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314 | (2) |
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6.4.3 Oil-balancing control strategy |
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316 | (1) |
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6.4.4 Subcooling control strategy |
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317 | (4) |
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6.4.5 Defrosting control strategy |
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321 | (4) |
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7 Low Temperature Air-to-Water Heat Pump |
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325 | (26) |
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7.1 Air Source Heat Pump Water Heating System |
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326 | (5) |
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7.1.1 System configuration |
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326 | (1) |
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327 | (4) |
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7.2 Household Low Temperature Air Source Heat Pump (Water Chilling) Packages |
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331 | (3) |
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332 | (1) |
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7.2.2 Outlet water temperature |
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333 | (1) |
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7.3 System Control Strategy |
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334 | (8) |
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7.3.1 System configuration |
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334 | (1) |
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7.3.2 Intermediate pressure control |
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334 | (3) |
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337 | (3) |
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7.3.4 Two-cylinder and triple-cylinder operation modes |
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340 | (2) |
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7.4 System Performance Comparison |
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342 | (9) |
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7.4.1 Compressor parameters |
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343 | (1) |
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7.4.2 Comparison analysis |
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344 | (7) |
Bibliography |
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351 | (6) |
Index |
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357 | |