| Preface |
|
ix | |
| Part 1 Theory of Systemic Modeling of the Pedostructure within the Hierarchal Hydrofunctional Organization of the Natural Environment |
|
1 | (94) |
|
Chapter 1 Introduction to Part 1 |
|
|
5 | (4) |
|
Chapter 2 Inherent Problems of Soil Science |
|
|
9 | (8) |
|
|
|
9 | (2) |
|
2.2 Modeling of water transfers in the soil: supremacy of pedotransfer functions |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
2.3 Absence of a unitary theory of the description of soil |
|
|
12 | (5) |
|
Chapter 3 The Systemic Approach Applied to Pedology |
|
|
17 | (42) |
|
3.1 The Bertalanffy project and Le Moigne's general system model |
|
|
17 | (8) |
|
3.1.1 The general system theory and Cartesian precepts |
|
|
17 | (5) |
|
3.1.2 Systemic representation: Le Moigne's two great ideas |
|
|
22 | (3) |
|
3.2 The systemic description of the soil organization |
|
|
25 | (14) |
|
3.2.1 Physical definition of a "system" |
|
|
25 | (3) |
|
3.2.2 Graduation of spatial axes: the systemic description of soil |
|
|
28 | (4) |
|
3.2.3 Systemic modeling of the operating system (OS) on axis III |
|
|
32 | (3) |
|
3.2.4 The "Structural Representative Elementary Volume" (SREV) concept required for the systemic description of the pedon |
|
|
35 | (4) |
|
3.3 Systemic physics of the organized soil medium defined on axis III |
|
|
39 | (15) |
|
3.3.1 The thermodynamic system of the pedostructure |
|
|
39 | (2) |
|
3.3.2 Equations of the hydrostructural equilibrium of the pedostructure |
|
|
41 | (3) |
|
3.3.3 Determining hydrostructural soil parameters |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
3.3.4 Equations of the hydrodynamic functioning of the pedostructure |
|
|
45 | (5) |
|
3.3.5 The Kamel® model of the hydrostructural functioning of a pedon |
|
|
50 | (4) |
|
3.4 Systemic mapping of soil in the landscape |
|
|
54 | (5) |
|
3.4.1 Hierarchical hydrofunctional mapping units of the landscape |
|
|
54 | (3) |
|
|
|
57 | (2) |
|
Chapter 4 The General System (GS): General Model of Scientific Disciplines Related to the Study and Management of Natural Areas |
|
|
59 | (8) |
|
4.1 The human system, system of study or management of a natural area, isomorphic to the general system |
|
|
59 | (2) |
|
4.2 Natural systems, OSs of the GS |
|
|
61 | (1) |
|
4.3 Information systems of human systems implemented for the study or management of natural systems |
|
|
62 | (2) |
|
4.4 Hydrostructural pedology and its own spatial reference information system: the SIRS-Soils |
|
|
64 | (3) |
|
Chapter 5 Emergence of a New Scientific Discipline: Hydrostructural Pedology |
|
|
67 | (8) |
|
5.1 Where hydrostructural pedology fits into the natural sciences |
|
|
67 | (3) |
|
5.2 Specificity of the hydrostructural pedology laboratory |
|
|
70 | (5) |
|
5.2.1 Hydrostructural characterization of the pedostructure |
|
|
70 | (2) |
|
5.2.2 Experimental analysis of the bio-soil association in the soil column |
|
|
72 | (1) |
|
5.2.3 Simulation of processes at the scale of the pedon using a lysimeter |
|
|
72 | (3) |
|
Chapter 6 Implications for Agro-environmental Sciences |
|
|
75 | (20) |
|
6.1 A unitary theory on the systemic and thermodynamic approaches within the natural environment |
|
|
75 | (17) |
|
6.1.1 Modeling in the natural environment and Cartesian precepts |
|
|
75 | (4) |
|
6.1.2 Systematization, theoretical basis of the systemic approach |
|
|
79 | (2) |
|
6.1.3 Theoretical and applied systemology |
|
|
81 | (5) |
|
6.1.4 General Systems theory of the agro-environmental disciplines |
|
|
86 | (2) |
|
6.1.5 Systemic thermodynamics |
|
|
88 | (4) |
|
6.2 The new challenge to agro-environmental modeling |
|
|
92 | (3) |
| Part 2 Hydrostructural Characterization of Soil Pedostructure |
|
95 | (62) |
|
Chapter 7 Introduction to Part 2 |
|
|
99 | (4) |
|
Chapter 8 Theoretical Recall |
|
|
103 | (20) |
|
8.1 Pinpointing the problem |
|
|
103 | (1) |
|
8.2 Modeling micro- and macro-water types by the shrinkage curve |
|
|
104 | (3) |
|
8.3 New principle for determining the micro-and macro-water types using the retention curve |
|
|
107 | (16) |
|
8.3.1 Micro/macro thermodynamic and hydrostructural equilibrium |
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
8.3.2 Equations for the retention curve |
|
|
108 | (4) |
|
8.3.3 Equations for the pF curve |
|
|
112 | (2) |
|
8.3.4 Equations for the shrinkage curve |
|
|
114 | (3) |
|
8.3.5 Equations for hydric conductivity |
|
|
117 | (6) |
|
Chapter 9 Methods for Determining the Characteristic Parameters |
|
|
123 | (34) |
|
9.1 Soil water retention curve "WRC" |
|
|
123 | (12) |
|
9.1.1 Measured using the tensiometer (suction-based method) |
|
|
123 | (8) |
|
9.1.2 Measured under air pressure on the porous plate press (pressure-based method), extending the WRC measurement beyond the 1,000 hPa tensiometric limit |
|
|
131 | (4) |
|
|
|
135 | (14) |
|
9.2.1 Case of non-sigmoidal shrinkage curves |
|
|
135 | (9) |
|
9.2.2 Case of the sigmoidal shrinkage curves |
|
|
144 | (5) |
|
9.3 The hydric conductivity curve of the pedostructure |
|
|
149 | (8) |
|
9.3.1 Description of the Excel sheets |
|
|
149 | (3) |
|
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
|
|
153 | (4) |
| Conclusion |
|
157 | (2) |
| Bibliography |
|
159 | (6) |
| Index |
|
165 | |
