Impaired consciousness is a topic lying at the intersection of science and philosophy. It encourages reflection on questions concerning human nature, the body, the soul, the mind and their relation, as well as the blurry limits between health, disease, life and death. This is the first study of impaired consciousness in the works of some highly influential Greek and Roman medical writers who lived in periods ranging from Classical Greece to the Roman Empire in the second century CE. Andrés Pelavski employs the notion and contrasts ancient and contemporary theoretical frameworks in order to challenge some established ideas about mental illness in antiquity. All the ancient texts are translated and the theoretical concepts clearly explained. This title is also available as open access on Cambridge Core.
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Ancient medical descriptions of impaired consciousness reveal their authors' philosophical ideas about life, disease, mind, body, and soul.
Preface;
1. Introduction: many definitions of consciousness; Part I.
Delirium:
2. Definitions of delirium/wakeful impaired consciousness versus
madness, and the concept of 'disease';
3. Delirium versus madness and the
notion of disease in the Hippocratic corpus;
4. Delirium, madness, and
disease among post-Hellenistic authors;
5. Galen's delirium: hot and dry
duscrasia of the hêgemonikon;
6. Final remarks about delirium and the notion
of disease: a diachronic look; Part II. Sleep:
7. A general glance at sleep;
8. Sleep in the Hippocratic corpus;
9. Sleep in post-Hellenistic sources;
10.
Sleep in Galen;
11. Sleep and the mind: an overview of ideas that did not
change; Part III. Fainting:
12. General overview of total loss of
consciousness;
13. The Hippocratic corpus and total loss of consciousness;14.
Total loss of consciousness in post-Hellenistic authors;
15. Galen's two ways
of losing consciousness;
16. Concluding reflections on the implication of the
soul in total loss of consciousness; Conclusions; Transversal axis: what has
the analysis of consciousness revealed about the sources?; Longitudinal
thematic axis: advantages of exploring impaired consciousness; Bibliography;
Primary sources, secondary sources.
ANDRÉS PELAVSKI holds a postdoctoral position at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He is a consultant anaesthetist as well as a classicist and the book originated in his doctoral thesis at the University of Cambridge, which was awarded the Hare Prize in 2022.
