This book provides basic knowledge of the biology, chemistry, and function of oxysterols and its derivatives as well as of phytosterols in numerous human diseases.
The book is divided into six sections and begins with an introduction to the biological and chemical properties of oxysterols and its derivatives as well as phytosterols, their synthesis, and the methods currently used for their detection in various biospecimens. The following section discusses in detail the various effects of oxysterols on numerous human diseases, including infectious diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer, as well as neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Importantly, the potential of oxysterols as biomarkers for some of these diseases is also highlighted. The book concludes with an outlook on the pharmacological and nutritional effects of oxysterols and phytosterols and their potential use by the food, and pharmaceutical industries.
Aiming to provide an in-depth overview of the biological and the chemical properties of oxysterols and phytosterols and their implications for human health, this book will be of interest to basic and clinical scientists, as well as to anyone working in the food or pharmaceutical industry who is exploring the potential of oxysterols and phytosterols.
Part I. Chemical Characteristics.
Chapter
1. The Structure of
Oxysterols Determines their Behavior at Phase Boundaries Implications for
Model Membranes and Structure-Activity Relationships.
Chapter
2. Association
of ABCG5 and ABCG8 Transporters with Sitosterolemia.- Part II. Bio- and
Chemical- Synthesis, and Analytical Methods.
Chapter
3. Chemical and
Biochemical Features of Spinasterol and Schottenol.
Chapter
4. LC-MS
Approaches for Oxysterols in Various Biosamples.
Chapter
5. Mass
Spectrometry Imaging of Cholesterol and Oxysterols.- Part III. Implication in
Aging and Human Diseases.
Chapter
6. Oxysterols in Central and Peripheral
Synaptic Communication.
Chapter
7. Oxysterols in Infectious Diseases.-
Chapter
8. The Cholesterol-5,6-Epoxide Hydrolase: A Metabolic Checkpoint in
Several Diseases.
Chapter
9. Impact of Oxysterols in Age-Related Disorders
and Strategies to Alleviate Adverse Effects.
Chapter
10. Enzymatically
Formed Oxysterols and Cell Death.
Chapter
11. Oxysterols in Vascular Cells
and Role in Atherosclerosis.
Chapter
12. Implication of Oxysterols and
Phytosterols in Aging and Human Diseases.
Chapter
13. Sterols in
Inflammatory Diseases: Implications and Clinical Utility.
Chapter
14. Role
of Oxysterols in Ocular Degeneration Mechanisms and Involvement of P2X7
Receptor.
Chapter
15. 24S-Hydroxycholesterol in Neuropsychiatric Diseases:
Schizophrenia, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Bipolar Disorder.- Part IV.
Biomarkers Therapeutic and Industrial Applications.
Chapter
16. Oxysterols
as Biomarkers of Aging and Disease.
Chapter
17. The Diagnostic Use of the
Plasma Quantification of 24S-Hydroxycholesterol and Other Oxysterols in
Neurodegenerative Disease.
Chapter
18. Oxy- and Phytosterols as Biomarkers:
Current Status and Future Perspectives.- Part V. Pharmacological
Applications.-
Chapter
19. Therapeutic Applications of Oxysterols and
Derivatives in Age-Related Diseases, Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases,
and Cancer.- Part VI. Industrial Aspects.-
Chapter
20. Current and New
Insights on Delivery Systems for Plant Sterols in Food.
Chapter
21. In vitro
Evaluation of the Effects of 7-Ketocholesterol and 7-Hydroxycholesterol on
the Peroxisomal Status: Prevention of Peroxisomal Damages and Concept of
Pexotherapy.
Chapter
22. Phytosterols: Potential Therapeutic Effects and
Challenges in Food Industry.
Gérard Lizard is an INSA-Lyon (France) biochemist engineer, PhD in Molecular and Cellular Biology and PhD in Human Biology. After a post-doc in pharmaceutical industry, he was recruited to INSERM in 1991 and since 2012 has been director of the Biochemistry Laboratory 'Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism' at the University of Burgundy (Dijon, France). He was one of the first researchers to work on cell death by apoptosis associated with oxidative stress in the field of atherosclerosis, which led him to demonstrate that certain oxidized derivatives of cholesterol (oxysterols) induce a mode of cell death by oxiapoptophagy characterized by oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy. Gérard Lizard has gradually oriented his research on aging (biogerontology) and the pathophysiology of age-related diseases by focusing on the lipotoxicity of oxysterols and the impact on organelles (mitochondria, peroxisome). Gérard Lizard (Inserm Researcher) has been the director of 20 PhD theses and is the co-funding member of the European Network for Oxysterol Research (ENOR).
