Insights into Mobile Multimedia Communications [Kõva köide]

Series Preface xvii Preface xix Part 1 Research Trends and Technical Developments 1(10) Mobile Multimedia Communications-Research Trends and Technical Developments 3(8) C. IAnson H. Tominaga T. Wilkinson M. Yabusaki D. R. Bull A. R. Nix C. N. Canagarajah Introduction 3(1) Services and applications 4(1) Third generation schemes and wireless LANs 5(2) Source coding 7(2) Multimedia demonstrators 9(1) Conclusions 10(1) Part 2 Multimedia Services on Digital Cellular Networks 11(86) Wireless Multimedia Using GSM Transport 13(12) John Kelliher Introduction 13(1) The future is information 14(1) The future is wireless 14(2) The collision of mobile communications and computing 16(1) GSM for Windows 17(1) Existing information services on GSM 18(1) Future information services on GSM 18(1) Bandwidth and compression technologies 19(1) Achieving the required capacity 20(1) The future information society 21(4) Acknowledgements 22(1) Web sites of interest 22(1) References 23(2) Cellular Mobile Radio Telephones in Japan 25(32) Kenkichi Hirade Introduction 25(1) History 26(6) Cellular opertors 32(2) Frequency bands 34(1) Subscriber increase 34(4) Technological progress 38(3) PDC system 41(8) Future prospects 49(8) References 55(2) Mobile Multi-service Data in TETRA PMR 57(18) Alistair Munro Introduction 57(1) A characterisation of mobile multimedia applications 58(3) Wireless mobile communications systems 61(4) Proposal: opportunities for mobile multimedia in PMR 65(1) TETRA - a case study of mobile data for multimedia 66(7) Conclusions 73(2) References 74(1) Multimedia Over Mobile Networks Using the H.324 Family 75(8) John Bassil Mike Whybray Introduction 75(1) H.324 standard 76(1) Error resilience of H.263 77(2) Results 79(2) Conclusions 81(2) References 81(2) Enabling Future Computer Applications Using GSM Phones 83(14) G. J. Proudler Introduction 83(1) Applications using mobile phones 84(1) Supporting commands 85(9) Conclusions 94(3) References 95(2) Part 3 Third Generation Mobile Multimedia Systems 97(94) InfoPad: A Portable Multimedia Terminal 99(12) Brian C. Richards Robert W. Broderson Introduction 99(1) The InfoPad system model 100(1) System design for low power 101(3) Custom I/O subsystems and ASICs 104(3) Packaging the InfoPad terminal 107(1) Conclusions 108(3) Acknowledgements 109(1) References 109(2) Mobile Multimedia Access for the Internet 111(22) V. J. Hardman S. Hailes Introduction 111(1) Multimedia applications 112(3) Network technology 115(3) Multimedia source and network requirements 118(3) Providing multimedia over the Internet 121(1) Network component candidates for mobile multimedia 122(3) Mobile multimedia 125(5) Conclusions 130(3) References 130(3) Wireless ATM: An Enabling Technology for Multimedia Personal Communication 133(10) D. Raychaudhuri Introduction 133(2) Wireless ATM overview 135(5) Prototyping activities 140(1) Concluding remarks 141(2) References 141(2) From Wireless Data to Mobile Multimedia: R&D Perspectives in Europe 143(34) J. Pereira J. Schwarz da Silva B. Arroyo-Fernandez B. Barani D. Ikonomou Introduction 144(1) The growth of mobile communications 145(2) The mobile communications market-voice versus data 147(7) Multimedia and data over GSM 154(5) UMTS and wireless broadband communications 159(3) The universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) 162(3) Mobile multimedia in ACTS 165(10) Conclusions 175(2) Acknowledgements 175(1) References 175(2) Security in Future Mobile Media Networks 177(14) Chris J. Mitchell Liqun Chen Introduction 177(1) Third-generation mobile systems 178(1) Security features for future networks 179(1) Identity and location privacy 180(4) Mechanisms for mutual authentication providing ILP 184(5) Conclusions 189(2) Acknowledgements 189(1) References 190(1) Part 4 Source Coding: Speech and Audio 191(94) Speech Coding for Mobile Telecommunications 193(14) C. I. Parris Introduction 193(1) Linear predictive (LP) coding 194(4) Full-rate GSM codec overview 198(1) Open-loop and closed-loop analysis 199(2) Standard codecs 201(1) Performance measures 201(3) Summary 204(3) References 204(3) Advanced Speech Coding Techniques 207(14) X. Q. Sun B. M. G. Cheetham Introduction 207(1) Sinusoidal modelling and waveform interpolation (WI) 208(6) Reconstructing the speech 214(4) Comparisons of sinusoidal coding techniques 218(1) Conclusions 219(2) References 219(2) Low-complexity Wireless Speech Communications Schemes 221(14) L. Hanzo J. E. B. Williams R. Steele Introduction 221(1) Modem schemes 222(2) Speech codecs 224(1) Channel coding and bit-mapping 225(1) Speech transmission systems 226(1) Speech performance 227(5) Conclusions 232(3) Acknowledgement 233(1) References 233(2) An Intelligent Dual-mode Wireless Speech Transceiver 235(16) J. P. Woodard L. Hanzo Introduction 235(1) The transceiver scheme 236(1) The dual-rate ACELP codec 237(2) Error sensitivity issues 239(2) Embedded error protection 241(3) Packet reservation multiple access 244(1) System performance and conclusions 245(6) Acknowledgement 249(1) References 250(1) High Quality Audio Coding for Mobile Multimedia Communications 251(20) M. B. Sandler A. J. Magrath P. Kudumakis Introduction 252(4) A high quality speech coder 256(4) High quality music coding 260(7) Conclusions 267(4) Acknowledgement 268(1) References 268(3) High Quality Low Delay Wideband Speech Coding at 16 kb/s 271(14) A. W. Black A. M. Kondoz Introduction 271(1) Backward LPC prediction for wideband speech 272(3) Split band approach 275(4) Parameter quantisation 279(2) Subjective performance of the low delay wideband coder 281(1) Conclusions 282(3) References 283(2) Part 5 Source Coding: Video and Multimedia 285(110) New Trends in Very Low Bit Rate Video Coding - An Overview 287(14) T. Ebrahimi M. Kunt O. Egger E. Reusens Introduction 287(1) High compression image coding 288(2) Very low bit rate video coding 290(2) Pre- and post-processing 292(1) Products 293(1) Conclusions 293(8) References 294(7) Algorithms for Low Bit Rate Video Coding 301(18) Raj Talluri Introduction 302(1) Applications 302(2) Requirements 304(3) Elements of video compression 307(1) Video compression techniques 308(8) Standards 316(1) Conclusions 317(2) References 317(2) A Narrowband Mobile Multimedia System 319(18) L. Hanzo J. Streit R. A. Salami W. Webb Introduction 319(1) Speech coding issues 320(3) Video compression issues 323(3) Modulation issues 326(1) Channel coding 327(1) The proposed PCS transceiver 328(2) Results and discussion 330(2) Conclusions 332(5) Acknowledgement 333(1) References 333(4) Wavelet-based Video Compression at Low Bit Rates 337(12) J. H. Wilkinson Introduction 337(1) Video conversion and display 338(1) Spatial coding parameters 339(1) Noise coring 340(1) Motion vector estimation 341(1) Predictive temporal coding 341(3) Open loop coding 344(2) Temporal weighting 346(1) Conclusions 347(1) References 347(2) Morphological Methods for Image and Video Coding: An Overview 349(18) P. Czerepinski D. R. Bull Introduction 349(1) Morphological operators 350(3) Region-based coding of images and video 353(3) Morphological segmentation for low bit rate DFD coding 356(4) Morphological subband decompositions for image coding 360(2) Conclusions 362(5) References 362(5) Scalable Image and Video Coding Algorithms 367(14) S. Thillainathan D. R. Bull C. N. Canagarajah Introduction 367(1) Scalability within MPEG-2 368(2) Wavelet methods 370(3) Scalability within MPEG-4 373(2) Error-resilient zerotree coding algorithm 375(3) Conclusions 378(3) References 379(2) Integrated Speech and Video Coding for Mobile Audiovisual Communications 381(14) F. Eryurtlu A. H. Sadka A. M. Kondoz Introduction 381(1) Variable rate coding 382(1) Video coding 382(3) Speech coding 385(6) Integration aspects 391(2) Conclusions 393(2) References 393(2) Part 6 Error Resilient Coding for Multimedia Applications 395(66) Error Resilient Image and Video Coding for Wireless Communication Systems 397(18) D. W. Redmill D. R. Bull J. T. Chung-How N. G. Kingsbury Introduction 398(2) Error propagation mechanisms 400(1) The error resilient entropy code (EREC) 401(5) Pyramid vector quantisation (PVQ) 406(2) Alternative techniques 408(2) Comparison of techniques 410(1) Conclusions 411(4) References 411(4) Combined Source Coding and Modulation for Mobile Multimedia Communication 415(16) Tor A. Ramstad Introduction 415(1) System model 416(2) Definition of compression 418(1) Optimal performance theoretically attainable (OPTA) 418(1) Source-to-channel mappings 419(3) Mapping optimisations for the Gaussian case 422(1) Image decomposition 422(1) Power and bandwidth allocation 423(1) Example: Still image coding combined with 81 PAM 424(3) Conclusions 427(4) Acknowledgements 427(1) References 428(3) Aspects of Error Resilience for Block-based Video Coders in Multimedia Communications 431(14) A. H. Sadka F. Eryurtlu A. M. Kondoz Introduction 431(1) Bit rate variability in block-based video coders 432(1) Effects of channel errors on H.263 433(3) Error resilient schemes 436(6) Conclusions 442(3) References 443(2) Error-resilient Coding for H.263 445(16) Bernd Girod Niko Farber Eckehard Steinbach Introduction 445(1) Mobile video transmission 446(1) Error propagation and concealment in H.263 447(2) Error compensation based on a feedback channel 449(2) Low complexity estimation of error propagation 451(1) Experimental results 452(5) Conclusions 457(4) Acknowledgements 458(1) References 458(3) Part 7 Advanced Radio Techniques 461(102) Propagation Aspects of Mobile Spread Spectrum Networks 463(18) Mark A. Beach Mike P. Fitton Chris M. Simmonds Introduction to spread spectrum techniques 463(1) Direct sequence spread spectrum 464(6) Frequency hopping spread spectrum 470(6) Comparison of DS and FH 476(1) Conclusions 477(4) Acknowledgements 478(1) References 478(3) Advanced Reception Techniques for a Multipath Fading Channel 481(12) Susumu Yoshida Hidekazu Murata Introduction 481(1) Effect of directive antenna and sector antenna diversity 482(1) Sector-antenna diversity combined with MLSE equalizer 482(3) Trellis-coded co-channel interference canceller (TCC) 485(2) System description 487(1) Simulation results 488(2) Concluding remarks 490(3) References 490(3) Adaptive Antennas for Personal Communication Systems 493(18) George V. Tsoulos Joe P. McGeehan Mark A. Beach Introduction 493(5) Adaptive antennas for small cells 498(4) A TDMA system with adaptive multi-beam antennas 502(4) Field trial demonstration of SDMA 506(2) Conclusions 508(3) References 508(3) Adaptive Equalisation Methods for Next Generation Radio Systems 511(12) R. Perry A. R. Nix D. R. Bull Introduction 511(1) Equalisation methods 512(4) Low complexity and high-throughput DFE architectures 516(4) Conclusions 520(3) References 521(2) Orthogonal Multi-rate DS-CDMA for Multimedia Mobile/Personal Radio 523(14) F. Adachi K. Ohno M. Sawahashi A. Higashi Introduction 523(1) Orthogonal multi-rate DS-CDMA 524(6) Performance evaluation 530(4) Conclusions 534(3) References 535(2) Performance and Capacity of a Voice/Data CDMA System with Variable Bit Rate Sources 537(14) Narayan B. Mandayam Jack Holtzman Sergio Barberis Introduction 537(1) System model 538(3) Source models and services 541(3) Numerical results 544(3) Conclusions and future directions 547(4) References 549(2) Software Radio Design for Next Generation Radio Systems 551(12) Peter B. Kenington Introduction 551(1) Software radio 552(8) Single-band flexible transceiver architectures 560(1) Multi-band and broadband flexible transceiver architectures 561(1) Conclusions and future directions 561(2) Acknowledgements 562(1) Reference 562(1) Part 8 Wireless LAN Technology for Future Multimedia Services 563(108) High-performance Wireless LAN Developments for Future Multimedia Communications 565(12) Andrew R. Nix Mark A. Beach Cengiz Evci M. Umehira Masaharu Araki Introduction 565(1) The trend towards high-speed wireless networks 566(1) Bit rates, frequency allocations and mobility issues 567(1) Dual access terminals 568(1) Standardisation and related European high-speed wireless LAN research projects 569(3) An overview of the HIPERLAN standard 572(2) Conclusions 574(3) Acknowledgements 574(1) References 575(2) HIPERLAN - An Air Interface Designed for Multimedia 577(16) Tim Wilkinson Introduction 577(1) Background 578(4) Performance targets 582(1) The HIPERLAN standard 582(4) HIPERLAN implementations 586(2) Beyond HIPERLAN 588(1) HIPERLAN in the rest of the world 589(1) Conclusions and the future of 5 GHz systems 590(3) References 590(3) The IrDA Platform 593(16) Stuart Williams Iain Millar Introduction 593(1) IrDA system overview 594(12) Application services 606(1) Conclusions 607(2) References 607(2) Analysis of Antennas and Propagation for 60 GHz Indoor Wireless Networks 609(28) M. Williamson G. Athanasiadou A. Nix T. Wilkinson Introduction to wireless local area networks 610(1) Broadband wireless access 610(1) Characteristics of operation at 60 GHz 611(1) Modeling the 60 GHz channel 612(1) Signal propagation at 60 GHz 613(2) Measurement parameters 615(1) Effects of antenna directivity 615(3) Comparing antenna combinations 618(1) Angular variation of delay spread and k-factor 619(3) Non-optimal antenna alignment 622(1) Relationship between transmission rate, delay spread and k-factor 623(1) Coverage area for 10 Mbps and 100 Mbps operation 624(2) Dependence on material parameters 626(3) Effects of office partitions 629(2) Wireless LAN network design issues 631(2) Conclusions 633(4) References 634(3) The Design of a Handover Protocol for Multimedia Wireless ATM LANs 637(20) C.-K. Toh Introduction 638(1) Wireless cell clustering architecture 639(2) Handover protocol design issues 641(4) A new handover protocol 645(5) Handover protocol summary 650(2) Conclusion 652(5) References 652(2) Appendix A. With-hint handover protocol state machines 654(1) Mobile host (MH) and crossover switch (CX) FSM 654(1) Old (BSOLD) and New (BSNEW) base stations FSM 654(1) Appendix B. Without-hint handover protocol state machines 655(1) Mobile host (MH) and crossover switch (CX) FSM 655(1) New (BSNEW) base station FSM 655(2) A Vision of the Future Multimedia Technology 657(14) Murat Kunt Introduction 657(1) Technical developments 658(1) Multimedia 659(1) Standards 660(1) Possible requirements for future systems 661(2) Dynamic coding 663(1) Scalability 664(1) Security 665(1) Education 666(2) Conclusions 668(3) Acknowledgements 669(1) References 669(2) Index 671

Professor David R. Bull PhD, FIET, FIEEE, CEng. obtained his PhD from the University of Cardiff in 1988. He currently holds the Chair in Signal Processing at the University of Bristol where he is head of the Visual Information Laboratory and Director of Bristol Vision Institute, a group of some 150 researchers in vision science, spanning engineering, psychology, biology, medicine and the creative arts. In 1996 David helped to establish the UK DTI Virtual Centre of Excellence in Digital Broadcasting and Multimedia Technology and was one of its Directors from 1997-2000. He has also advised Government through membership of the UK Foresight Panel, DSAC and the HEFCE Research Evaluation Framework. He is also now Director of the UK Governments new MyWorld Strength in Places programme. David has worked widely across image and video processing focused on streaming, broadcast and wireless applications. He has published over 600 academic papers, various articles and 4 books and has given numerous invited/keynote lectures and tutorials. He has also received awards including the IEE Ambrose Fleming Premium for his work on Primitive Operator Digital Filters and a best Paper Award for his work on Link Adaptation for Video Transmission. Davids work has been exploited commercially and he has acted as a consultant for companies and governments across the globe. In 2001, he co-founded ProVision Communication Technologies Ltd., who launched the worlds first robust multi-source wireless HD sender for consumer use. His recent award-winning and pioneering work on perceptual video compression using deep learning, has produced world-leading rate-quality performance. Nishan Canagarajah, Ph.D., has been a lecturer in Digital Signal Processing at Bristol since March 1994. Prior to this he was employed as a Research Assistant at Bristol investigating DSP aspects of mobile radio receivers. He has a BA in engineering and a Ph.D., both from the University of Cambridge. His current research interests include image and video coding, speech processing, non-linear filtering techniques and the application of signal processing to medical electronics. He has worked closely with several companies in the fields of signal processing and image coding and has published numerous journal and conference papers in these areas. Dr. Canagarajah is actively involved in the UK VCE in Digital Broadcasting and Multimedia Technology. He is a member of IEE Professional Group E5 (Signal Processing). Andrew Nix received his Ph.D. in Digital Communications from Bristol and has been a lecturer in Communication Systems since 1994. He has been a member of the ETSI RES10 group since 1994, participating in drafting Europes first High Performance Radio LAN standard (HIPERLAN). He is active in the UK VCE in Mobile Communication Systems. His recent research has involved the development of new indoor and outdoor deterministic propagation models for analyzing the performance of proposed radio designs. He has worked closely with several companies and has published over 50 Journal and Conference papers in these areas. He is an Associate Editor of IEEE transactions on Communications.