Preface |
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x | |
About the authors |
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xii | |
Acknowledgements |
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xiii | |
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xv | |
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xxi | |
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Table of treaties and other international instruments |
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xxiii | |
Abbreviations |
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xxviii | |
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1 The nature of international law |
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1 | (41) |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Nature and significance of international law |
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2 | (17) |
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1.2.1 International law, humanity and the rule of law |
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6 | (6) |
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1.2.2 Respect for international law |
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12 | (2) |
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1.2.3 Do rules or norms matter in creating international order? |
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14 | (2) |
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1.2.4 The institutional framework |
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16 | (3) |
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1.3 Public and private international law |
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19 | (3) |
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1.4 The role and nature of participation in international law |
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22 | (7) |
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1.5 The limits of international law |
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29 | (8) |
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1.6 Australian perspectives |
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37 | (5) |
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2 Sources of international law |
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42 | (60) |
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42 | (7) |
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2.1.1 Formal and material sources |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (2) |
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2.2 Customary international law |
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49 | (27) |
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2.2.1 Jurisprudence of the ICJ |
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50 | (17) |
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2.2.2 The Nicaragua Case and the development of customary international law |
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67 | (3) |
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2.2.3 Local or regional custom |
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70 | (2) |
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2.2.4 The persistent objector |
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72 | (3) |
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2.2.5 A critique of customary international law |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (3) |
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2.4 Treaties and customary international law |
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79 | (6) |
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2.5 General principles of law |
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85 | (5) |
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2.6 Subsidiary sources of international law |
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90 | (3) |
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90 | (2) |
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2.6.2 Contributions of publicists |
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92 | (1) |
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2.7 Alternative sources of international law |
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93 | (9) |
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2.7.1 UN practices and the formation of international law |
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94 | (6) |
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100 | (2) |
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102 | (57) |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (7) |
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3.2.1 Instruments of less than treaty status |
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106 | (3) |
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3.2.2 Unilateral declarations |
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109 | (2) |
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111 | (2) |
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113 | (2) |
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3.5 Entry into force of a treaty |
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115 | (6) |
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116 | (3) |
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3.5.2 Australian practice |
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119 | (2) |
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3.6 Reservations, objections and declarations |
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121 | (11) |
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123 | (5) |
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128 | (4) |
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132 | (3) |
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3.7.1 Following entry into force of a treaty |
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132 | (2) |
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3.7.2 By States which have signed but not ratified the treaty |
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134 | (1) |
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3.8 Treaty interpretation |
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135 | (9) |
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3.8.1 Application of the VCLT rules |
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136 | (3) |
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3.8.2 Australian approaches |
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139 | (5) |
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3.9 Invalidity of a treaty |
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144 | (3) |
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3.10 Suspension or termination of a treaty |
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147 | (8) |
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3.10.1 General provisions |
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147 | (3) |
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3.10.2 Termination as a consequence of material breach |
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150 | (1) |
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3.10.3 Impossibility of performance and fundamental change of circumstances |
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151 | (4) |
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3.11 Treaty amendment and modification |
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155 | (4) |
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4 International and municipal law |
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159 | (57) |
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159 | (2) |
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4.2 International law in municipal law |
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161 | (8) |
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4.2.1 The monism-dualism debate |
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161 | (4) |
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4.2.2 Transformation and incorporation |
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165 | (3) |
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4.2.3 Impact on municipal law by decisions of international tribunals |
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168 | (1) |
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4.3 Australian law and international law |
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169 | (8) |
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4.3.1 Development of Australia's international personality |
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169 | (4) |
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4.3.2 The courts and Australia's developing international personality |
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173 | (4) |
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4.4 International law and its influence upon the common law |
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177 | (7) |
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4.5 Treaties and municipal law: Basic principles |
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184 | (2) |
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186 | (4) |
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4.7 Municipal implementation of treaties |
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190 | (10) |
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4.8 Treaties and municipal law: the courts |
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200 | (10) |
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4.9 Treaties and municipal law: the legislature |
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210 | (6) |
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5 International legal personality |
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216 | (49) |
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216 | (2) |
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218 | (21) |
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5.2.1 Permanent population |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (2) |
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222 | (1) |
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5.2.4 Capacity to enter into relations |
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223 | (2) |
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5.2.5 The Holy see (Vatican) |
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225 | (3) |
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5.2.6 The status of Taiwan |
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228 | (2) |
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5.2.7 Peoples and the right to self-determination |
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230 | (5) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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5.2.10 States in transition |
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237 | (2) |
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5.3 Recognition of States |
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239 | (16) |
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5.3.1 Recognition of statehood and recognition of governments |
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240 | (2) |
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5.3.2 Criteria for recognition |
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242 | (4) |
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5.3.3 State practice: recognition of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia |
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246 | (4) |
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5.3.4 Australian practice |
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250 | (5) |
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5.4 International organisations |
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255 | (7) |
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5.5 Other international legal persons |
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262 | (3) |
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6 Sovereignty over territory |
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265 | (29) |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (14) |
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280 | (4) |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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6.6 Cession and annexation |
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286 | (2) |
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6.7 Postcolonial critiques |
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288 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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6.9 Common heritage of mankind |
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290 | (4) |
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294 | (84) |
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294 | (1) |
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7.2 Types of jurisdiction |
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294 | (10) |
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7.3 Territorial jurisdiction |
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304 | (12) |
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7.4 Nationality jurisdiction |
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316 | (19) |
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7.5 Universal jurisdiction |
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335 | (11) |
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346 | (4) |
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7.7 Passive personality jurisdiction |
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350 | (3) |
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7.8 Foreign State immunity |
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353 | (15) |
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368 | (10) |
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378 | (66) |
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378 | (1) |
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378 | (4) |
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382 | (4) |
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386 | (8) |
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394 | (4) |
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398 | (10) |
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408 | (4) |
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8.8 Appropriation of assets |
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412 | (8) |
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8.9 Treatment of foreign nationals |
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420 | (20) |
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8.10 Exhaustion of local remedies |
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440 | (4) |
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444 | (57) |
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444 | (5) |
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9.2 The nature of human rights as a discourse in international law |
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449 | (19) |
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9.2.1 The Universal declaration of Human Rights |
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452 | (5) |
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9.2.2 Different kinds of human rights |
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457 | (5) |
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9.2.3 Engaging critically with the human rights discourse |
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462 | (6) |
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9.3 The UN system and the human rights discourse in international law |
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468 | (33) |
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9.3.1 The core treaties of the UN human rights system |
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471 | (1) |
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9.3.1.1 The ICCPR and the ICESCR |
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471 | (8) |
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9.3.1.2 Other core agreements of the UN human rights treaty system |
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479 | (3) |
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9.3.2 Institutions and the human rights discourse within the UN |
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482 | (1) |
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9.3.2.1 Institutions with a general mandate |
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483 | (4) |
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487 | (7) |
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9.3.2.3 Australia and the UN treaty bodies: Toonen and the HRC |
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494 | (7) |
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501 | (55) |
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501 | (3) |
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10.1.1 Freedom of the Seas |
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501 | (2) |
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503 | (1) |
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504 | (6) |
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504 | (4) |
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508 | (1) |
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509 | (1) |
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510 | (11) |
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10.3.1 Nature of the territorial sea |
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510 | (1) |
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511 | (4) |
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10.3.3 International straits |
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515 | (4) |
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10.3.4 Archipelagic waters |
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519 | (2) |
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521 | (1) |
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522 | (5) |
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10.6 Exclusive economic zone (EEZ) |
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527 | (6) |
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533 | (2) |
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535 | (2) |
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10.9 Delimitation of maritime boundaries |
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537 | (9) |
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10.10 Protection of the marine environment |
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546 | (2) |
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548 | (4) |
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10.12 Dispute resolution and the law of the sea |
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552 | (4) |
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11 International environmental law |
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556 | (48) |
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11.1 Introduction: Trends in international law-making for the environment |
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556 | (2) |
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11.2 The development of international environmental law |
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558 | (3) |
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11.3 Institutional framework |
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561 | (2) |
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11.4 Sources of international environmental law |
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563 | (2) |
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11.5 General principles of international environmental law |
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565 | (9) |
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11.5.1 The customary international law of State responsibility |
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565 | (6) |
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11.5.2 Responsibility to avoid causing environmental harm |
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571 | (1) |
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572 | (2) |
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11.6 Environmental Principles |
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574 | (12) |
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11.6.1 Sustainable development |
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574 | (4) |
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11.6.2 Intergenerational equity |
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578 | (4) |
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11.6.3 Precautionary principle |
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582 | (4) |
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11.7 International environmental law in Australia: Response to selected issues |
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586 | (10) |
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587 | (4) |
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591 | (1) |
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11.7.3 Climate change in the Australian courts |
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592 | (4) |
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596 | (8) |
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11.8.1 The relationship between global and regional agreements |
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596 | (1) |
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11.8.2 A regional environmental regime: The Antarctic Treaty System |
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597 | (7) |
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12 Enforcement of international law |
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604 | (55) |
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604 | (2) |
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606 | (18) |
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606 | (1) |
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12.2.2 Legislative mechanisms |
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607 | (3) |
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610 | (14) |
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12.3 Collective enforcement |
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624 | (27) |
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12.3.1 Collective self-defence |
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626 | (3) |
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12.3.2 Enforcement by the Security Council |
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629 | (16) |
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12.3.3 Responsibility to protect |
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645 | (6) |
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12.4 Enforcement within the World Trade Organization (WTO) |
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651 | (8) |
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13 The peaceful settlement of international disputes |
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659 | (53) |
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13.1 Obligation to settle disputes peacefully |
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659 | (5) |
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13.2 Methods of dispute settlement |
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664 | (13) |
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664 | (3) |
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667 | (2) |
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13.2.3 Mediation and conciliation |
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669 | (4) |
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673 | (4) |
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13.3 Judicial settlement of disputes |
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677 | (19) |
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677 | (1) |
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13.3.2 Operation and membership of the ICJ |
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677 | (3) |
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680 | (3) |
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683 | (2) |
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13.3.5 Provisions in treaties and conventions |
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685 | (1) |
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13.3.6 Compulsory jurisdiction: The `optional clause' |
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686 | (4) |
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690 | (2) |
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13.3.8 Provisional measures |
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692 | (4) |
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696 | (1) |
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13.4 Advisory jurisdiction of the ICJ |
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696 | (6) |
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696 | (1) |
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13.4.2 Advisory jurisdiction |
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697 | (4) |
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13.4.3 Effect of an advisory opinion |
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701 | (1) |
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13.5 The relationship between the ICJ and the Security Council |
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702 | (5) |
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13.6 Trends in dispute resolution |
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707 | (5) |
Index |
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712 | |