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Introduction to Paleobiology and the Fossil Record 2nd edition [Pehme köide]

(University of Copenhagen, Denmark), (University of Bristol)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 656 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 274x221x38 mm, kaal: 1724 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Apr-2020
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1119272858
  • ISBN-13: 9781119272854
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 656 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 274x221x38 mm, kaal: 1724 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Apr-2020
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1119272858
  • ISBN-13: 9781119272854
Teised raamatud teemal:

This book presents a comprehensive overview of the science of the history of life. Paleobiologists bring many analytical tools to bear in interpreting the fossil record and the book introduces the latest techniques, from multivariate investigations of biogeography and biostratigraphy to engineering analysis of dinosaur skulls, and from homeobox genes to cladistics.

All the well-known fossil groups are included, including microfossils and invertebrates, but an important feature is the thorough coverage of plants, vertebrates and trace fossils together with discussion of the origins of both life and the metazoans. All key related subjects are introduced, such as systematics, ecology, evolution and development, stratigraphy and their roles in understanding where life came from and how it evolved and diversified.

Unique features of the book are the numerous case studies from current research that lead students to the primary literature, analytical and mathematical explanations and tools, together with associated problem sets and practical schedules for instructors and students.

New to this edition

1. The text and figures have been updated throughout to reflect current opinion on all aspects.
2. Many 2000-2009 case studies have been replaced with examples from 2010-2015. In selecting case studies to illustrate the chapters,  the authors have chosen examples where the story is strong and well illustrated, where the source paper is attractive and easy for enthusiastic undergraduates to read, and ideally where the work has been done by a young person, and these will be noted to show what Masters and PhD students, and young postdocs are doing. [ Case studies will reflect a broad distribution internationally, and an equable spread by gender, emphasizing work by young women and citizens of developing countries.]
3. The chapters on Macroevolution, Form and Function, Mass extinctions, Origin of Life, and Origin of Metazoans are entirely rewritten to reflect  substantial advances that have been taking place.

Reviews of current edition:

"The sheer scope of the book is a marvel. The easily accessible English which has been employed by the authors makes this book a sure–fire hit for anyone with a basic grasp of palaeontology and who needs to acquire an authoritative overview of the seemingly disparate parts of the subject. Introduction to Paleobiology and the Fossil Records is therefore perfect for undergraduate and postgraduate students of palaeontology; however, it will also endear it to anybody with a palaeontological background or interest. It is an outstanding contribution and in my opinion a must for all." ( Geological Journal, August 2010)

"This book provides an excellent introduction to the study of paleobiology for advanced students in paleontology, evolutionary biology, and related fields." (CHOICE, February 2009)
..any serious student of geology who does not pick this book off the shelf will be putting themselves at a huge disadvantage. The material may be complex, but the text is extremely accessible and well organized, and the book ought to be essential reading for palaeontologists at undergraduate, postgraduate and more advanced levels¬both in Britain as well as in North America." (Proceedings of the Geologists′ Association, 2010)

"This is an excellent introduction to palaeontology in general. It is well structured, accessibly written and pleasantly informative ..I would recommend this as a standard reference text to all my students without hesitation." (Geological Magazine, 2010)

"This is the best paleontology textbook on the market today. It is a sure bet to set young students on the right path, and provides the ′long′ answer to the question ′What should I study ′" (The Quarterly Review of Biology, March 2010)

"This undergraduate level college textbook presents a comprehensive overview into the science of paleobiology, and the many analytical tools and latest techniques used to interpret the fossil record." (The Birdbooker Report, February 2009)

"This book gives a competent, comprehensive and easy readable overview of all aspects of palaeontology and palaeobiology, which can be highly recommend to all, who are interested in the record of life from the beginning." (Geological Survey of Austria, December 2008)

Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
1 Paleontology as a science 1(24)
Introduction
2(1)
Paleontology in the modern world
2(1)
Paleontology as a science
3(9)
Steps to understanding
12(4)
Fossils and evolution
16(1)
Paleontology today
17(6)
Review questions
23(1)
Further reading
23(1)
References
24(1)
2 Stratigraphy 25(25)
Introduction
26(1)
How stratigraphy works
26(14)
New techniques, new tools
40(6)
Geological time scale: a common language
46(1)
Extraterrestrial stratigraphy
47(1)
Review questions
48(1)
Further reading
48(1)
References
49(1)
3 Paleogeography and paleoclimates 50(30)
Paleobiogeography
50(14)
Fossils in mountain belts
64(5)
Paleoclimates
69(7)
The Anthropocene
76(1)
Review questions
77(1)
Further reading
77(1)
References
77(3)
4 Paleoecology 80(35)
Introduction
81(2)
Taphonomic constraints: sifting through the debris
83(2)
Populations: can groups of individuals make a difference?
85(1)
Habitats and niches
86(9)
Paleocommunities
95(5)
Evolutionary paleoecology
100(10)
Ecological ranking of mass extinctions
110(2)
Review questions
112(1)
Further reading
112(1)
References
112(3)
5 Taphonomy and the quality of the fossil record 115(25)
Introduction
116(1)
Fossil preservation
116(14)
Quality of the fossil record
130(7)
Review questions
137(1)
Further reading
138(1)
References
138(2)
6 Fossil form and function 140(25)
Introduction
141(1)
Growth and form
141(6)
Evolution and development
147(5)
Interpreting the function of fossils
152(11)
Review questions
163(1)
Further reading
164(1)
References
164(1)
7 Macroevolution and the tree of life 165(28)
Introduction
166(1)
Evolution by natural selection
167(3)
Evolution and the fossil record
170(9)
Trends and radiations
179(5)
The tree of life
184(7)
Review questions
191(1)
Further reading
191(1)
References
191(2)
8 Biodiversity, extinction, and mass extinction 193(30)
Introduction
194(1)
The diversification of life
195(7)
Mass extinctions
202(5)
The "big five" mass extinction events
207(8)
Extinction then and now
215(5)
Review questions
220(1)
Further reading
220(1)
References
221(2)
9 The origin of life 223(25)
Introduction
224(1)
The origin of life
224(4)
Evidence for the origin of life
228(8)
Life diversifies: eukaryotes
236(9)
Review questions
245(1)
Further reading
246(1)
References
246(2)
10 Protists 248(31)
Introduction
249(3)
Protozoa
252(8)
Mystery protists of the proterozoic and paleozoic
260(6)
Phytoplankton
266(11)
Review questions
277(1)
Further reading
277(1)
References
277(2)
11 Origin and expansion of the metazoans 279(27)
Origins and classification
280(4)
Invertebrate body and skeletal plans
284(5)
Five key faunas
289(15)
Review questions
304(1)
Further reading
304(1)
References
304(2)
12 The basal metazoans: sponges and corals 306(38)
Introduction
307(1)
Porifera
307(15)
Cnidaria
322(19)
Review questions
341(1)
Further reading
342(1)
References
342(2)
13 Lophophorates 1: brachiopods and bryozoans 344(28)
Introduction
345(1)
Brachiopoda
345(15)
Bryozoa
360(9)
Review questions
369(1)
Further reading
370(1)
References
370(2)
14 Lophotrochozoans 2: mollusks and annelids 372(40)
Mollusks
372(1)
Introduction
373(2)
Early mollusks
375(5)
Class Bivalvia
380(4)
Class Gastropoda
384(6)
Class Cephalopoda
390(13)
Class Scaphopoda
403(1)
Class Rostroconcha
403(1)
Evolutionary trends within the Mollusca
404(2)
Annelids
406(4)
Review questions
410(1)
Further reading
410(1)
References
410(2)
15 Ecdysozoa: arthropods 412(33)
Introduction
413(1)
Early arthropod faunas
413(3)
Subphylum Trilobitomorpha (artiopoda)
416(12)
Subphylum Chelicerata
428(2)
Subphylum Myriapoda
430(1)
Subphylum Hexapoda
430(3)
Subphylum Crustacea
433(5)
Exceptional arthropod faunas through time
438(4)
Review questions
442(1)
Further reading
442(1)
References
443(2)
16 Deuterostomes: echinoderms and hemichordates 445(41)
Introduction
446(1)
Echinoderms
446(22)
Hemichordates
468(16)
Review questions
484(1)
Further reading
484(1)
References
484(2)
17 Fishes and basal tetrapods 486(26)
Introduction
487(1)
Origin of the vertebrates
487(5)
Jaws and fish evolution
492(6)
Tetrapods
498(5)
Reign of the reptiles
503(7)
Review questions
510(1)
Further reading
510(1)
References
511(1)
18 Dinosaurs and mammals 512(26)
Introduction
513(1)
Dinosaurs and their kin
513(8)
Bird evolution
521(1)
Rise of the mammals
522(8)
The line to humans
530(6)
Review questions
536(1)
Further reading
536(1)
References
537(1)
19 Fossil plants and fungi 538(32)
Introduction
539(1)
Terrestrialization of plants
539(8)
The great coal forests
547(5)
Seed-bearing plants
552(10)
Flowering plants
562(6)
Review questions
568(1)
Further reading
568(1)
References
568(2)
20 Trace fossils 570(24)
Introduction
571(1)
Understanding trace fossils
571(7)
Trace fossils in sediments
578(14)
Review questions
592(1)
Further reading
592(1)
References
592(2)
Finale 594(4)
Glossary 598(19)
Appendix 1: Stratigraphic chart 617(2)
Appendix 2: Paleogeographic maps 619(1)
Index 620
Michael J. Benton is Professor of Vertebrate Palaeontology at the University of Bristol. He is interested particularly in early reptiles, Triassic dinosaurs and macroevolution, and has published 50 books and over 400 scientific articles. He founded the Masters in Paleobiology degree at Bristol, which has now graduated over 400 students.

David A.T. Harper is a leading expert on fossil brachiopods, numerical methods in paleontology and Phanerozoic stratigraphy. He is Professor of Paleontology, and Principal of Van Mildert College in Durham University. He has published over 15 books and monographs, including a couple of influential textbooks, as well as over 300 scientific articles and, together with Øyvind Hammer, the widely-used software package PAST.