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ISM Code: A Practical Guide to the Legal and Insurance Implications 2nd New edition [Kõva köide]

  • Formaat: Hardback, 360 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 678 g
  • Sari: Lloyd's Practical Shipping Guides
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Nov-2005
  • Kirjastus: Informa Law
  • ISBN-10: 1843114712
  • ISBN-13: 9781843114710
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ISM Code: A Practical Guide to the Legal and Insurance Implications 2nd New editionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 360 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 678 g
  • Sari: Lloyd's Practical Shipping Guides
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Nov-2005
  • Kirjastus: Informa Law
  • ISBN-10: 1843114712
  • ISBN-13: 9781843114710
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781843114710.html
Märksõnad:
ISM Code: a guide to the legal and insurance implications remains one of a very small number of works on the ISM Code and the only one specifically addressing the legal and insurance implications. The ISM Code affects everyone involved with commercial shipping. It is the benchmark against which legal liability will be measured - in both civil and criminal actions. Whether you work on board ship or in an office ashore, you should always have this book close to hand for reference. Seven years on from the final deadline for phase one of implementation, this title has been fully updated to reflect developments and industry experience.
Foreword v
Preface to the First Edition vii
Preface to the Second Edition ix
Acknowledgements xix
INTRODUCTION 1
1. KEY ISSUES 15
Background to the Code
15
A catalogue of disasters
16
An accident and claims explosion
16
Cause—human error
17
Solution—management systems
17
Progress since ISM implementation
19
Objectives of the Code
20
A change of perspective on rules and regulations
21
Flexibility within the system
22
Safety and environmental protection policy
23
The policy must genuinely reflect the commitment of the company
24
Implications for the company
24
The Safety Management System
24
Implications of the functional requirements
25
Quality assurance systems v. ISM Code
26
Some important differences
26
2. KEY PLAYERS 29
Certification
31
Documents of Compliance (DOCs)
33
Safety Management Certificates (SMCs)
36
Responsibilities regarding certification under SI 1998 No. 1561
40
Duty to hold certificates
40
Duty to carry certificates
41
Issue of Document of Compliance and Safety Management Certificate
41
Interim certificates
41
Issue and endorsement of Safety Management Certificate by another government
41
Issue of certificates on behalf of other governments
41
Annual audit of the DOC
41
Intermediate audit of the SMC
41
Renewal of certificates
42
Suspension or cancellation of DOCs and SMCs
42
Defence
42
Procedures concerning Observed ISM Code non-conformities
42
The role of the Flag State Administration
44
Issuing ISM certificates
44
Delegation of authority
46
The role of the classification society
47
Resolution A.913(22): Revised Guidelines on the implementation of the ISM Code by Administrations
51
Port State Control (PSC)
52
Policing the system—Port State Control (PSC)
52
Where does the Port State Control fit in?
53
MOUs
53
PSC mandate
56
The basic inspection
57
Certificate checklist
57
Grounds for initiating a detailed/expanded inspection
58
Expanded inspection
59
Scope of inspection
60
Oil tankers
60
Bulk carriers
60
Gas and chemical tankers
61
Passenger ships
61
The new PSC mandate post ISM
61
IMO Interim Guidelines for Port State Control Related to the ISM Code
63
Detention by the PSCO
65
Criteria for detention
66
Mandatory Expanded Inspections
67
The role of the Port State in the UK
69
Compliance is more than just holding certificates
69
No "quick fix" for a seriously defective SMS
70
Will PSC detain vessels?
71
Differing standards and interpretation
72
Company responsibilities and authority of the company
74
Who is the company?
74
Sharing of responsibility and authority
75
Duty of the company to comply under SI 1998 No. 1561
77
The Designated Person (s)—(DP (s))
77
The status of the Designated Person
78
The rule of attribution
80
The implications of the role of the DP
82
What should the DP report?
83
The authority of the DP
84
Senior levels of management cannot hide behind the DP
85
The obligations and exposure of the DP under SI 1998 No. 1561
87
What conclusions can be postulated?
88
The Master
89
The master's responsibility and authority
89
Duty of the Master under SI 1998 No. 1561
90
3. LEGAL AND INSURANCE IMPLICATIONS 93
The legal status of the Code
95
Application of the Code
96
Compliance deadlines
96
Vessel types
96
IMO—SOLAS
Chapter IX
97
Enactment into UK domestic law
97
Countries which have not ratified the SOLAS Convention
98
Legal implications
99
Questions of evidence
101
Legal privilege and confidentiality
106
Legal professional privilege
106
Self-incriminating document
107
Limitation of liability regimes
107
Historical reasons for the right to limit
108
The relevance of the ISM Code to the right to limit
108
1957 Limitation Convention—fault and privity
109
Eurysthenes and turning a blind eye
110
The DP and the privity of the owner
114
The Marion and an issue of management/systems
114
The Apostolis and modern commuinications
115
The 1976 Limitation Convention
116
Whose personal act or omission is to be considered?
116
Recklessness
117
How may the ISM Code affect the position?
118
Navigation incidents
119
Relevance of the STCW Convention
119
Collisions
120
Insurance arrangements
121
COLREGS
121
Evidential issues and the ISM Code
122
The master's responsibility
124
Resources and personnel
125
Perfection is a goal to aim for
127
Training and familiarisation
127
A question of numbers
129
Navigation—a key shipboard operation
130
Carriage of goods incidents
131
The English common law position
131
The more usual position
132
The Hague and Hague-Visby Rules
132
Hage-Visby Rules—exceptions and defences
132
Limitation under Hague-Visby
134
Seaworthiness and caring for the cargo
134
The documentation will make all the difference
135
What is meant by the term "seaworthiness"?
135
Properly to man the ship
137
Evolution of the meaning of seaworthiness
140
The exercise of due diligence
142
Cargo damage and the ISM Code
143
The obligation carefully to carry the cargo
144
Management of the safety system
145
Cargo damage without fault or privity
146
Cargo claims and the ISM Code a summary
147
The Hamburg Rules
148
BIMCO standard ISM Clause for Voyage and Time Charterparties
149
Pollution incidents
149
MARPOL
150
A strict liability regime the CLC
150
Potential ISM implications
152
The Fund
152
Pollution and insurance
153
OPA 90
153
Criminal liability
155
Liability under SI 1998 No. 1561
155
Regulation 19(1)
157
Regulation 19(2)
158
Regulation 19(3)
158
Regulation 19(4)
158
Regulation 19(5)
159
Regulation 19(6)
159
The jurisdiction of the UK courts
159
Defences
160
Exemptions
160
The unsafe operation of a ship
160
Not just the senior management
161
Corporate killing
162
Insurance implications
164
A shipowner's insurance requirements
164
Marine Insurance Act 1906
165
Seaworthiness
165
Warranty of legality
166
Utmost good faith and full disclosure
167
Wilful misconduct of the assured
169
Hull and machinery insurance
170
ITC Hull Clauses
171
The Inchmaree or negligence clause
172
Protection and Indemnity (P&I) insurance
174
The International Group of P&I Clubs
174
ISM and Club cover
175
An example of how one Club has approached ISM
176
MIA and imprudent trading exclusions
179
The scope of Club cover
180
Implications of the ISM Code
181
Deficiencies in the SMS and Club cover
185
A correctly functioning SMS—the effect on claims
185
Implications of non-compliance
187
4. PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE CODE 189
Resources and personnel—ISM requirements
189
Obligations of the company with regard to personnel
191
Recruitment policy
191
Training and familiarisation
194
Evidence of training and familiarisation
196
Development of plans for key shipboard operations
197
Emergency preparedness
200
Implications of incidents arising where no plans or inadequate plans are in place
201
Reporting and analysing accidents, non-conformities and hazardous occurrences
203
Learning from experience
204
Creating a reporting feedback loop
204
Reports of earlier incidents
206
Self-incriminating evidence
207
The implications of not having a reporting feedback loop in place
207
Documentation
209
Document control of the Safety Management Manual
209
Other document control
211
Maintenance of the ship and equipment
212
The ISM approach to maintenance
212
Maintenance and seaworthiness
213
Maintenance should be controlled and documented
214
"...equipment and technical systems the sudden operational failure of which may result in hazardous situations..."
215
Maintenance as part of the SMS
216
Implications of not having an adequate maintenance system in place
217
Company verification, review and evaluation
218
Obligation to carry out audits
219
Implications of creating an audit trail
220
Implications of failing to take corrective action
220
A typical audit trail
221
5. CASE STUDIES 225
Three recent cases
225
The Eurasian Dream
227
The Torepo
233
The Patraikos II
238
ISM lessons to be learnt
239
Four further case studies
242
The Star Sea
243
The Apostolis
252
The Toledo
255
The Marion
258
APPENDICES
Appendix 1: The International Safety Management Code (ISM Code)
263
Appendix 2: Annex to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 (SOLAS)
279
Appendix 3: Revised Guidelines on Implementation of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code by Administrations
283
Appendix 4: Statutory Instrument 1998 No. 1561—The Merchant Shipping (International Safety Management (ISM) Code) Regulations 1998
297
Bibliography 307
Index 309
Dr Phil Anderson is the Managing Director of ConsultISM Ltd- a specialist marine consultancy. He is also a Fellow of the Nautical Institute, a Member of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators, a Member of the Expert Witness Institute and a Practicing Associate of the Academy of Experts.