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Kashmiri: A Cognitive-Descriptive Grammar [Pehme köide]

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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 404 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 700 g
  • Sari: Descriptive Grammars
  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Oct-2010
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415600111
  • ISBN-13: 9780415600118
Teised raamatud teemal:
Kashmiri: A Cognitive-Descriptive GrammarSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 404 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 700 g
  • Sari: Descriptive Grammars
  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Oct-2010
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415600111
  • ISBN-13: 9780415600118
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780415600118.html
Märksõnad:
Kashmir boasts a language which challenges every field of linguistics. Kashmiri is spoken by approximately 3,000,000 people. Its syntax, similar to Germanic and other verb second languages, has raised many significant issues within current generative theories proposed by Chomsky and other prominent linguists.
Introduction xiii
Key to abbreviations and symbols xxi
Acknowledgments xxv
1 Syntax
1(150)
1.1 General questions
1(77)
1.1.1 Sentence types
1(1)
1.1.1.1 Direct and indirect speech
1(3)
1.1.1.2 Interrogative sentences
4(35)
1.1.1.3 Imperative sentences
39(5)
1.1.1.4 Other distinct sentence types
44(1)
1.1.1.5 Indirect speech acts
44(1)
1.1.2 Subordination
44(1)
1.1.2.1 General markers of subordination
44(2)
1.1.2.2 Noun clauses
46(8)
1.1.2.3 Adjective clauses
54(12)
1.1.2.4 Adverbial clauses
66(11)
1.1.2.5 Sequence of tenses
77(1)
1.2 Structural questions
78(26)
1.2.1 Internal structure of the sentence
78(16)
1.2.2 Adjective phrases
94(1)
1.2.3 Adverbial phrases
95(1)
1.2.4 Postpositional phrases
96(4)
1.2.5 Noun phrases
100(4)
1.3 Coordination
104(9)
1.4 Negation
113(6)
1.4.1 Sentence negation
113(1)
1.4.2 Constituent negation
114(3)
1.4.3 Multiple negation
117(1)
1.4.4 Negation and coordination
117(1)
1.4.5 Negation and subordination
118(1)
1.5 Anaphora
119(4)
1.5.1 Means of expressing anaphora
119(1)
1.5.2 Domains of anaphora
119(4)
1.6 Reflexives
123(6)
1.6.1 Means of expressing reflexivity
123(1)
1.6.2 Scope of reflexivity
123(1)
1.6.4 Reflexives in various clause internal positions
124(1)
1.6.5 Antecedent reflexive relations
124(3)
1.6.6 Reflexives within nominalized clauses
127(1)
1.6.7 Reflexives within ordinary noun phrases
128(1)
1.6.8 Reflexives without overt antecedents
128(1)
1.6.9 Other uses of reflexive
128(1)
1.7 Reciprocals
129(5)
1.7.1 Means of expressing reciprocity
129(1)
1.7.2 Scope of reciprocity
129(1)
1.7.3 The position of reciprocals
130(1)
1.7.4 Antecedent reciprocal relation
131(2)
1.7.5 Reciprocals without antecedent
133(1)
1.8 Comparison
134(3)
1.8.1 Means of expressing comparison
134(1)
1.8.2-5 Deletion in comparative structures
135(1)
1.8.6 Correlative comparison
135(1)
1.8.7 Superlatives
136(1)
1.9 Equatives
137(1)
1.9.1 Means of expressing equatives
137(1)
1.10 Possession
138(2)
1.10.1 Sentences expressing possession
138(2)
1.11 Emphasis
140(4)
1.11.1 Sentence emphasis
140(1)
1.11.2 Constituent emphasis
141(3)
1.11.3 Focus of yes-no questions
144(1)
1.12 Topic
144(1)
1.12.1 Means of expressing topic
144(1)
1.13 Heavy shift
145(1)
1.14 Other movement processes
146(2)
1.15 Minor sentence types
148(1)
1.15.1 Exclamatory sentences
148(1)
1.15.2 Interjection-type sentences
148(1)
1.15.3 Vocative sentences
148(1)
1.15.4 Short answers
149(1)
1.16 Operational definitions of word classes
149(2)
1.16.1 Noun
149(1)
1.16.2 Pronoun
149(1)
1.16.3 Verb
150(1)
1.16.4 Adjective
150(1)
1.16.5 Postposition
150(1)
1.16.6 Numeral/quantifier
150(1)
2 Morphology
151(142)
2.1 Inflection
151(114)
2.1.1 Noun inflection
151(45)
2.1.2 Pronouns
196(12)
2.1.3 Verb morphology
208(48)
2.1.4 Adjectives
256(2)
2.1.5 Postpositions
258(1)
2.1.6 Numerals/Quantifiers
259(6)
2.1.7 Adverbs
265(1)
2.1.8 Clitics and particles
265(1)
2.2 Derivational morphology
265(28)
2.2.1 Derivation of nouns
265(7)
2.2.2 Derivation of verbs
272(1)
2.2.3 Derivation of adjectives
273(6)
2.2.4 Derivation of adverbs
279(4)
2.2.5 Other possibilities
283(1)
2.2.6 Derivation of postpositions
283(10)
3 Phonology
293(22)
3.1 Phonological units (segmental)
293(7)
3.1.1 Distinctive segments
293(2)
3.1.2 Description of distinctive segments
295(5)
3.2 Phonotactics
300(6)
3.2.1 Distribution of nonsyllabic segments
300(2)
3.2.2 Consonant clusters
302(3)
3.2.3 Distribution of vowels
305(1)
3.2.4 Lexical morphemes and word structure
306(1)
3.2.5 Syllables
306(1)
3.2.6 Restrictions on consonants and verbs
306(1)
3.3 Suprasegmentals
306(2)
3.3.1 Length
306(1)
3.3.2 Stress
307(1)
3.3.3 Pitch
307(1)
3.3.4 Intonation
307(1)
3.4 Morphophonology (segmental)
308(5)
3.4.1 Alternations
308(3)
3.4.2 Metathesis
311(1)
3.4.3 Coalescence and split
311(1)
3.4.4 Deletion and insertion
311(1)
3.4.5 Reduplication
312(1)
3.4.6 Other processes
312(1)
3.5 Morphophonology (suprasegmental)
313(2)
4 Ideophones And Interjections
315(2)
4.1 Ideophones
315(1)
4.2 Interjections
316(1)
5 Lexicon
317(12)
5.1 Structured semantic fields
317(6)
5.1.1 Kinship terminology
317(2)
5.1.2 Color terminology
319(1)
5.1.3 Body parts
319(2)
5.1.4 Cooking terminology
321(2)
5.1.5 Agriculture
323(1)
5.2 Basic vocabulary
323(6)
Appendix I 329(8)
Appendix II 337(10)
Appendix III 347(16)
Endnotes 363(2)
Bibliography 365(8)
Index 373
Kashi Wali has been working on Kashmiri for the last ten years and has published extensively in the fields of linguistics and South Asian languages. She is a visiting professor at Cornell and Syracuse universities., Omkar N. Koul, a native speaker of Kashmiri, has published several books and articles related to linguistics, sociolinguistics, and South Asian languages including Kashmiri, Punjabi, and Hindi. He is currently a professor cum deputy director of the Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysore, India.