| Chapter 1 Overview Of The Law Of Disability Discrimination |
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1 | (18) |
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A Historical Discrimination Against Individuals With Disabilities |
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1 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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4 | (1) |
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B Early Civil Rights Protection |
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5 | (2) |
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C Evolution Of Disability Rights Protection |
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7 | (8) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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17 | (2) |
| Chapter 2 Definition Of Individual With A Disability |
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19 | (40) |
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19 | (3) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (33) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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23 | (1) |
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1 Prong One: Actually Disabled |
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23 | (25) |
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a Physical or mental impairment |
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23 | (6) |
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23 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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27 | (1) |
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iii Supreme Court Interpretation |
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28 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (6) |
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i Statutory and Regulatory Language |
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29 | (1) |
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Notes and Comments for Discussion |
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30 | (1) |
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ii Supreme Court Interpretation |
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30 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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31 | (4) |
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35 | (13) |
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35 | (1) |
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Notes and Comments for Discussion |
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38 | (1) |
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ii Ameliorative Effects of Mitigating Measures |
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38 | (1) |
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Notes and Comments for Discussion |
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40 | (1) |
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iii Predictable Assessments |
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41 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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42 | (1) |
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iv Condition, Manner, or Duration |
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42 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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46 | (2) |
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2 Prong Two: Record of an Impairment |
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48 | (2) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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49 | (1) |
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3 Prong Three: Regarded as Having an Impairment |
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50 | (5) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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51 | (4) |
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55 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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57 | (2) |
| Chapter 3 Employment Discrimination |
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59 | (108) |
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59 | (1) |
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B Qualified Individual With A Disability |
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60 | (14) |
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60 | (8) |
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Albertson's, Inc. v. Kirkingburg |
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61 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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65 | (3) |
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68 | (6) |
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Cleveland v. Policy Management Systems Corporation |
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69 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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73 | (1) |
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C Nondiscrimination Requirements |
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74 | (42) |
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1 Reasonable Accommodations and Undue Hardship |
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75 | (28) |
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a Statutory and Regulatory Language |
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75 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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76 | (3) |
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79 | (9) |
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Vande Zande v. State of Wisconsin Department of Administration |
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79 | (6) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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85 | (3) |
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c Reassignment to a Vacant Position as a Reasonable Accommodation |
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88 | (15) |
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US Airways, Inc. v. Barnett |
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88 | (12) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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100 | (3) |
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2 Medical Examinations and Inquiries |
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103 | (13) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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105 | (2) |
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Grenier v. Cyanamid Plastics, Inc. |
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107 | (9) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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115 | (1) |
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D Special Issues Relating To Categories Of Plaintiffs |
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116 | (20) |
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116 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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117 | (1) |
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2 Individuals Who Engage in the Illegal Use of Drugs and Use of Alcohol |
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117 | (6) |
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Raytheon Company v. Hernandez |
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118 | (5) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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123 | (1) |
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3 Associational Discrimination |
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123 | (13) |
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Den Hartog v. Wasatch Academy |
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124 | (12) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (16) |
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Chevron U.S.A. Inc. v. Echazabal |
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137 | (7) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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144 | (8) |
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F Relationship Between Ada Title I And The Family And Medical Leave Act |
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152 | (3) |
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155 | (12) |
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1 General Principles of Enforcement |
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155 | (3) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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156 | (2) |
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158 | (9) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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161 | (6) |
| Chapter 4 ADA Title II |
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167 | (136) |
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167 | (9) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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169 | (7) |
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B Qualified Individual With A Disability |
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176 | (7) |
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Galloway v. Superior Court |
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176 | (6) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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182 | (1) |
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C State Sovereign Immunity Issues |
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183 | (28) |
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186 | (17) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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203 | (8) |
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D Discrimination On The Basis Of Disability |
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211 | (49) |
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211 | (3) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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212 | (2) |
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214 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (12) |
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Communities Actively Living Independent and Free v. City of Los Angeles |
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218 | (10) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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228 | (2) |
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230 | (22) |
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Barden v. City of Sacramento |
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231 | (2) |
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Frame v. City of Arlington |
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233 | (15) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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248 | (4) |
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252 | (8) |
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252 | (6) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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258 | (2) |
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260 | (7) |
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Ellen S. v. Florida Board of Bar Examiners |
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260 | (5) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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265 | (2) |
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267 | (18) |
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268 | (13) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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281 | (4) |
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285 | (18) |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (10) |
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Ferguson v. City of Phoenix |
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286 | (9) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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295 | (1) |
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296 | (7) |
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296 | (6) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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302 | (1) |
| Chapter 5 ADA Title III |
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303 | (110) |
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303 | (18) |
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303 | (9) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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305 | (7) |
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2 Coverage of the Internet & Digital Technology |
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312 | (9) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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318 | (3) |
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B Discrimination (Under ADA Title II Or III) |
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321 | (83) |
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321 | (3) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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322 | (2) |
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2 Specific Forms of Discrimination |
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324 | (44) |
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324 | (1) |
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b Failure to Make Reasonable Modifications |
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324 | (27) |
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325 | (21) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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346 | (5) |
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351 | (9) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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354 | (6) |
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360 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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360 | (1) |
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e Reservations Made by Places of Lodging |
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361 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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362 | (1) |
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362 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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364 | (2) |
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366 | (2) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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367 | (1) |
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3 Provision of Auxiliary Aids or Services |
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368 | (12) |
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a Statutory and Regulatory Language |
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368 | (2) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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369 | (1) |
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370 | (10) |
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Aikins v. St. Helena Hospital |
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370 | (6) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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376 | (4) |
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4 Removal of Barriers for Existing Facilities |
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380 | (2) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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381 | (1) |
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5 Alternatives to Barrier Removal |
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382 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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383 | (1) |
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6 New Construction and Alterations in Public Accommodations and Commercial Facilities |
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383 | (5) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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387 | (1) |
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7 Examinations and Courses |
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388 | (16) |
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a Statutory and Regulatory Provisions |
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388 | (88) |
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Enyart v. National Conference of Bar Examiners, Inc |
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389 | (11) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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400 | (1) |
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Falchenberg v. New York State Department of Education |
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401 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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402 | (2) |
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C Procedures And Remedies |
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404 | (6) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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406 | (4) |
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410 | (3) |
| Chapter 6 Primary And Secondary Educational Institutions |
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413 | (62) |
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A Historical Background And Overview |
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413 | (10) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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420 | (3) |
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423 | (15) |
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Board of Education v. Rowley |
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423 | (13) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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436 | (2) |
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438 | (6) |
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Cedar Rapids Community School District v. Garret F. |
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438 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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442 | (2) |
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D Least Restrictive Environment (Mainstreaming) |
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444 | (7) |
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Sacramento City Unified Sch. Dist. v. Rachel H. |
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444 | (5) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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449 | (2) |
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451 | (9) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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454 | (6) |
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460 | (3) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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461 | (2) |
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463 | (12) |
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Simulation A: Client Counseling Simulation |
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463 | (2) |
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Simulation B: IEP Simulation |
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465 | (4) |
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Simulation C: Manifestation Review |
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469 | (6) |
| Chapter 7 Higher Education |
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475 | (132) |
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A Introduction And Overview |
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475 | (1) |
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B Qualified Individual With A Disability |
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476 | (22) |
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476 | (10) |
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Southeastern Community College v. Davis |
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477 | (6) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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483 | (3) |
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486 | (12) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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488 | (1) |
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Halpern v. Wake Forest University Health Sciences |
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489 | (8) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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497 | (1) |
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498 | (6) |
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1 Pre-Admission Inquiries |
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498 | (3) |
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498 | (1) |
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b Programs for Students with Disabilities |
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499 | (1) |
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500 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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501 | (1) |
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501 | (3) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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502 | (2) |
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D Documentation Of Disability |
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504 | (8) |
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Guckenberger v. Boston University |
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506 | (6) |
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E Reasonable Accommodations |
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512 | (74) |
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512 | (16) |
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Wynne v. Tufts University School of Medicine |
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514 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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518 | (1) |
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Guckenberger v. Boston University |
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519 | (7) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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526 | (2) |
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2 Burden and Order of Proof |
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528 | (25) |
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Zukle v. Regents of the University of California |
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528 | (7) |
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Wong v. The Regents of the University of California |
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535 | (14) |
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Christopher L. Falcone v. University of Minnesota |
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549 | (2) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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551 | (2) |
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3 Students with Sensory Impairments |
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553 | (33) |
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a Students Who Are Blind or Have Low Vision |
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553 | (6) |
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California State University Fullerton |
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554 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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558 | (1) |
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b Students Who Are Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing |
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559 | (23) |
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559 | (1) |
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Hayden v. Redwoods Community College District |
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559 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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567 | (2) |
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569 | (1) |
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Argenyi v. Creighton University |
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570 | (1) |
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Button v. Board of Regents of University |
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578 | (1) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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581 | (1) |
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c Impact of Emerging Technology on Students with Sensory Impairments |
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582 | (4) |
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F Safety/direct Threat Defense |
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586 | (8) |
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Stebbins v. University of Arkansas |
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589 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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593 | (1) |
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594 | (13) |
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Fialka-Feldman v. Oakland University Board of Trustees |
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595 | (10) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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605 | (2) |
| Chapter 8 Housing |
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607 | |
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607 | (11) |
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City of Edmonds v. Oxford House, Inc. |
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608 | (5) |
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Oxford House-C v. City of St. Louis |
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613 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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617 | (1) |
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B Proof Of Discrimination |
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618 | (12) |
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Familystyle of St. Paul, Inc. v. City of St. Paul |
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618 | (4) |
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Larkin v. Michigan Department of Social Services |
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622 | (6) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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628 | (2) |
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C Reasonable Accommodations |
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630 | (12) |
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Jankowski Lee & Associates v. Cisneros |
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630 | (4) |
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United States v. California Mobile Home Park Management Co. |
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634 | (4) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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638 | (4) |
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D Modifications To Existing Structures |
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642 | (5) |
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643 | (2) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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645 | (2) |
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E Design And Construction Requirements |
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647 | (2) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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649 | (1) |
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F Illegal Use Of Drugs And Use Of Alcohol |
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649 | (7) |
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United States v. Southern Management Corporation |
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649 | (7) |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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656 | (1) |
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G Threat To Fellow Tenants |
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656 | |
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Notes and Problems for Discussion |
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659 | |
| Table of Cases |
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TC-1 | |
| Index |
|
I-1 | |
| 9781506379456 |
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| Special Features |
|
xxiii | |
| Preface |
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xxv | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xxix | |
| A Special Thank-You to Our Filming Participants |
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xxxii | |
| About the Contributors |
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xxxiii | |
| About the Authors |
|
xxxvi | |
| Part 1: Foundations of Special Education |
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1 | (156) |
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1 Special Education in Context: People, Concepts, and Perspectives |
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3 | (38) |
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Definitions and Terminology |
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4 | (6) |
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4 | (1) |
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Disability Versus Handicap |
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5 | (1) |
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Developmentally Delayed and At Risk |
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6 | (2) |
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First Person: Elizabeth: Perceptions and Impressions |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (4) |
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Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Suggestions for Communicating About Individuals With Disabilities |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (2) |
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Prevalence of Children and Young Adults With Disabilities |
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12 | (2) |
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Number of Children and Young Adults Served |
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13 | (1) |
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A Brief History of the Development of Special Education |
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14 | (4) |
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Pioneers of Special Education |
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15 | (1) |
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The Establishment of Institutions |
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16 | (1) |
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Special Education in the Public Schools |
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17 | (1) |
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Professionals Who Work With Individuals With Exceptionalities |
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18 | (6) |
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Insights: A Timeline of Key Dates in the History of Special Education in the United States |
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19 | (2) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (4) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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Universal Design for Learning |
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28 | (2) |
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Exceptionality Across the Life Span |
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30 | (11) |
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Infants/Toddlers and Preschoolers With Special Needs |
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30 | (1) |
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Adolescents and Young Adults With Disabilities |
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31 | (10) |
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2 Policies, Practices, and Programs |
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41 | (38) |
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Litigation and Legislation Affecting Special Education |
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41 | (7) |
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42 | (1) |
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Individuals With Disabilities Education Act: 1975-1997 |
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42 | (6) |
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Educational Reform: Standards-Based Education |
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48 | (3) |
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No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 |
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48 | (2) |
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Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 |
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50 | (1) |
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Every Student Succeeds Act |
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51 | (1) |
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51 | (4) |
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Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 |
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51 | (3) |
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First Person: Lisa: Teaching in the Age of Accountability |
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53 | (1) |
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Public Law 101-336 (Americans With Disabilities Act) |
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54 | (1) |
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Public Law 110-325 (the Americans With Disabilities Act Amendments of 2008) |
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55 | (1) |
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Identification and Assessment of Individual Differences |
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55 | (1) |
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Referral and Assessment for Special Education |
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56 | (5) |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (3) |
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Insights: Assessment Accommodations |
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60 | (1) |
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Instructional Programming and Appropriate Placement |
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61 | (1) |
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Designing Individualized Instructional Programs |
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61 | (6) |
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Individualized Education Program |
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62 | (3) |
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Insights: Elements of a Meaningful IEP |
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63 | (2) |
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Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Suggested Individualized Education Program Meeting Agenda |
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65 | (1) |
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Individualized Family Service Plan |
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65 | (2) |
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Service Delivery Options: Where a Special Education Is Provided |
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67 | (12) |
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68 | (1) |
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A Cascade of Service Delivery Options |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (10) |
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3 Cultural and Linguistic Diversity and Exceptionality |
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79 | (28) |
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Cultural Diversity: The Changing Face of a Nation |
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79 | (6) |
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Insights: Cultural and Linguistic Diversity Quiz |
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80 | (1) |
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Cultural Diversity in the Teaching Profession |
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81 | (1) |
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From Assimilation to Cultural Pluralism |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
Terminology of Cultural Differences |
|
|
82 | (2) |
|
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
Multicultural Education, Bilingual Education, and Student Diversity |
|
|
85 | (4) |
|
Multicultural Education: Concepts and Characteristics |
|
|
85 | (1) |
|
Bilingual Education: Concepts and Characteristics |
|
|
85 | (2) |
|
Bilingual Special Education: Concepts and Characteristics |
|
|
87 | (2) |
|
Insights: Instructional Options for Students Who Are Bilingual |
|
|
88 | (1) |
|
Disproportionate Representation of Minority Students in Special Education Programs |
|
|
89 | (6) |
|
First Person: Jenny: Teaching English Learners |
|
|
90 | (2) |
|
Factors Contributing to Over-and Underrepresentation |
|
|
92 | (2) |
|
Consequences of Disproportionate Representation |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
Issues in Assessing Students From Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Groups |
|
|
95 | (4) |
|
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Recommendations for Assessing Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Pupils |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
Contemporary Assessment Strategies |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
Assessment Recommendations |
|
|
99 | (1) |
|
Educational Programming for Students With Exceptionalities Who Are Culturally and Linguistically Diverse |
|
|
99 | (8) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Guidelines for Selecting and Evaluating Instructional Materials |
|
|
100 | (7) |
|
4 Parents, Families, and Exceptionality |
|
|
107 | (28) |
|
Parent-Professional Relationships: Changing Roles |
|
|
107 | (4) |
|
Antagonistic and Adversarial Relationships |
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
|
|
109 | (2) |
|
Parent Empowerment and Family-Centered Relationships |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
A Family Systems Approach |
|
|
111 | (4) |
|
The Effects of a Child's Disability on Parents and the Family |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
Stages of Parental Reaction to Disability |
|
|
116 | (2) |
|
Disability and the Family |
|
|
118 | (6) |
|
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
Mothers of Children With Disabilities |
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
First Person: Kristina: Day Dreams |
|
|
120 | (1) |
|
Fathers of Children With Disabilities |
|
|
120 | (1) |
|
Siblings of Children With Disabilities |
|
|
121 | (1) |
|
Grandparents of Children With Disabilities |
|
|
122 | (40) |
|
First Person: Mindy: The Other Children |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
Working With Families Who Are Culturally and Linguistically Diverse |
|
|
124 | (2) |
|
Cultural Reactions to Disability |
|
|
126 | (1) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Recommendations for Providing Families With Culturally Sensitive Services |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
Suggestions for Facilitating Family and Professional Partnerships |
|
|
127 | (8) |
|
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|
135 | (22) |
|
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
History and Legislation of Assistive Technology |
|
|
137 | (1) |
|
Assistive Technology Decision Making |
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
Assistive Technology and the IEP |
|
|
139 | (1) |
|
Assistive Technology Categorization |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
|
|
141 | (9) |
|
First Person: Matthew: Teaching in the Age of Technology |
|
|
143 | (6) |
|
First Person: Whitney: Teaching in the Twenty-First-Century Classroom |
|
|
149 | (1) |
|
Issues With Assistive Technology |
|
|
150 | (1) |
|
Assistive Technology Future Trends |
|
|
151 | (6) |
| Part 2: A Study of Individuals With Special Needs |
|
157 | (432) |
|
6 Individuals With Intellectual Disability |
|
|
159 | (50) |
|
Defining Intellectual Disability: An Evolving Process |
|
|
162 | (5) |
|
Historical Interpretations |
|
|
163 | (2) |
|
|
|
165 | (2) |
|
Assessing Intellectual Ability and Adaptive Behavior |
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
Classification of Individuals With Intellectual Disability |
|
|
168 | (2) |
|
An Etiological Perspective |
|
|
169 | (1) |
|
|
|
169 | (1) |
|
An Educational Perspective |
|
|
169 | (1) |
|
|
|
169 | (1) |
|
A Brief History of the Field |
|
|
170 | (3) |
|
|
|
170 | (1) |
|
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
|
|
171 | (1) |
|
|
|
172 | (1) |
|
The Emergence of Public Education for Students With Intellectual Disability |
|
|
172 | (1) |
|
Prevalence of Intellectual Disability |
|
|
173 | (1) |
|
Etiology of Intellectual Disability |
|
|
174 | (7) |
|
|
|
174 | (5) |
|
|
|
179 | (1) |
|
|
|
180 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individuals With Intellectual Disability |
|
|
181 | (4) |
|
|
|
181 | (3) |
|
Social and Behavioral Characteristics |
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
185 | (8) |
|
Where Are Students With Intellectual Disability Educated? |
|
|
185 | (1) |
|
Educational Programming Options |
|
|
186 | (3) |
|
Instructional Methodology |
|
|
189 | (22) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Teaching Pupils With Intellectual Disability |
|
|
190 | (3) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Using Scaffolding in the Classroom |
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
Services for Young Children With Intellectual Disability |
|
|
193 | (3) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals With Intellectual Disability |
|
|
194 | (2) |
|
Transition Into Adulthood |
|
|
196 | (2) |
|
Adults With Intellectual Disability |
|
|
198 | (2) |
|
|
|
200 | (1) |
|
|
|
200 | (2) |
|
First Person: Meredith: In Her Own Words |
|
|
201 | (1) |
|
Technology and Individuals With Intellectual Disability |
|
|
202 | (1) |
|
Trends, Issues, and Controversies |
|
|
202 | (7) |
|
7 Individuals With Learning Disabilities |
|
|
209 | (44) |
|
Defining Learning Disabilities |
|
|
211 | (4) |
|
Federal Definition of Learning Disabilities |
|
|
212 | (2) |
|
Association for Children With Learning Disabilities |
|
|
214 | (1) |
|
|
|
214 | (1) |
|
A Brief History of the Field |
|
|
215 | (2) |
|
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
Twenty-First-Century Issues |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
Prevalence of Learning Disabilities |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
Etiology of Learning Disabilities |
|
|
218 | (2) |
|
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
Genetic/Hereditary Influences |
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
Biochemical Abnormalities |
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
Environmental Possibilities |
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individuals With Learning Disabilities |
|
|
220 | (6) |
|
|
|
221 | (4) |
|
Social and Emotional Problems |
|
|
225 | (1) |
|
Attention Problems and Hyperactivity |
|
|
226 | (1) |
|
Assessment of Learning Disabilities |
|
|
226 | (5) |
|
|
|
227 | (1) |
|
|
|
227 | (3) |
|
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
231 | (6) |
|
Where Are Students With Learning Disabilities Educated? |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
|
|
232 | (13) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Supporting Mathematics Problem Solving for Students With Learning Disabilities |
|
|
233 | (4) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Suggestions for Teaching Students With Learning Disabilities |
|
|
237 | (1) |
|
Services for Young Children With Learning Disabilities |
|
|
237 | (3) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals With Learning Disabilities |
|
|
238 | (2) |
|
Transition Into Adulthood |
|
|
240 | (2) |
|
First Person: Christopher: In His Own Words |
|
|
241 | (1) |
|
Adults With Learning Disabilities |
|
|
242 | (2) |
|
|
|
244 | (1) |
|
|
|
244 | (1) |
|
Technology and Individuals With Learning Disabilities |
|
|
245 | (1) |
|
Trends, Issues, and Controversies |
|
|
245 | (8) |
|
Challenges in Service Delivery: The Full Inclusion Movement |
|
|
245 | (14) |
|
Insights: Learning Disabilities Association of America |
|
|
246 | (7) |
|
8 Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
253 | (32) |
|
Defining Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
255 | (2) |
|
A Brief History of the Field |
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
Etiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
259 | (2) |
|
|
|
259 | (1) |
|
|
|
260 | (1) |
|
|
|
260 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
261 | (3) |
|
Behavioral Inhibition and Executive Functioning |
|
|
261 | (2) |
|
First Person: Helen: Good Things Come in Small Packages |
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
Social and Emotional Issues |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
Assessment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
Behavioral/Educational Evaluation |
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
265 | (13) |
|
Where Are Students With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Educated? |
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
Functional Behavioral Assessment |
|
|
267 | (3) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Accommodations to Help Students With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
268 | (2) |
|
Self-Regulation/Monitoring |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
Home-School Collaboration |
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
Instructional Modification |
|
|
271 | (2) |
|
|
|
273 | (5) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
274 | (4) |
|
Insights: Myths and Misunderstandings About Stimulant Medication: A Quiz for Teachers |
|
|
278 | (1) |
|
Adolescents and Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
|
|
278 | (2) |
|
Educational/Vocational Outcomes |
|
|
279 | (1) |
|
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
Technology and Individuals With ADHD |
|
|
280 | (5) |
|
9 Individuals With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
285 | (42) |
|
Defining Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
287 | (2) |
|
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
An Alternative Definition |
|
|
289 | (1) |
|
Classification of Individuals With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
289 | (4) |
|
First Person: My Eagle Scout |
|
|
290 | (2) |
|
Clinically Derived Classification Systems |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
Statistically Derived Classification Systems |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
A Brief History of the Field |
|
|
293 | (1) |
|
Prevalence of Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
294 | (1) |
|
Etiology of Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
294 | (3) |
|
|
|
296 | (1) |
|
Psychosocial Risk Factors |
|
|
296 | (1) |
|
Prevention of Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
297 | (4) |
|
|
|
297 | (2) |
|
Research on Positive Behavioral Support |
|
|
299 | (2) |
|
Characteristics of Children and Youth With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
301 | (1) |
|
|
|
301 | (1) |
|
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
Language/Communication Characteristics |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
Assessing Students With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
302 | (2) |
|
|
|
303 | (1) |
|
Recent Trends in Assessment of Students With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
303 | (1) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
304 | (10) |
|
Where Are Students With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders Educated? |
|
|
305 | (1) |
|
Physical Environment Interventions |
|
|
305 | (2) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Suggestions for Effective Scheduling |
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
Academic and Instructional Interventions |
|
|
307 | (2) |
|
Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions |
|
|
309 | (3) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
310 | (2) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Guidelines for Establishing Classroom Rules |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
|
|
312 | (2) |
|
Services for Young Children With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
Transition Into Adulthood |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
Adults With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
316 | (2) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Representative Behavioral Principles |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
Family-Centered Interventions |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
Technology and Individuals With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
Trends, Issues, and Controversies |
|
|
319 | (8) |
|
10 Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
327 | (34) |
|
Defining Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Evolving Process |
|
|
330 | (4) |
|
|
|
330 | (1) |
|
Individuals With Disabilities Education Act |
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
American Psychiatric Association Definition |
|
|
331 | (3) |
|
A Brief History of the Field |
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
335 | (1) |
|
Etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
336 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
337 | (3) |
|
|
|
337 | (1) |
|
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
|
|
339 | (1) |
|
Repetitive and Restrictive Behaviors |
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
340 | (2) |
|
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
|
|
341 | (1) |
|
Screening for Asperger Syndrome |
|
|
342 | (1) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
342 | (4) |
|
Where Are Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders Educated? |
|
|
342 | (1) |
|
|
|
343 | (3) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Tips for Teaching High-Functioning Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
Services for Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
346 | (5) |
|
Early Intervention Services |
|
|
347 | (3) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Social Stories |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Using Applied Behavior Analysis in the Classroom: A Token Economy |
|
|
349 | (1) |
|
Preschool Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
350 | (1) |
|
Transition Into Adulthood |
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
351 | (2) |
|
Insights: Transition Planning: Questions to Consider |
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
|
|
353 | (1) |
|
|
|
354 | (1) |
|
Technology and Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
|
|
354 | (1) |
|
Trends, Issues, and Controversies |
|
|
355 | (6) |
|
11 Individuals With Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
361 | (38) |
|
The Nature of Speech, Language, and Communication |
|
|
363 | (3) |
|
Defining Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
366 | (3) |
|
Insights: The Genetics of Speech |
|
|
367 | (2) |
|
Classifying Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
369 | (6) |
|
|
|
369 | (4) |
|
Insights: Questions and Answers About Articulation Problems |
|
|
370 | (2) |
|
Insights: Questions and Answers About Stuttering |
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
|
|
373 | (1) |
|
Central Auditory Processing Disorder |
|
|
374 | (1) |
|
|
|
375 | (2) |
|
Prevalence of Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
Etiology of Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
Prevention of Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
379 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individuals With Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
380 | (1) |
|
Assessing Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
381 | (5) |
|
First Person: Emily: A Journey Toward Success |
|
|
383 | (3) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Teaching Language Skills |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
386 | (1) |
|
Where Are Students With Speech and Language Impairments Served? |
|
|
387 | (1) |
|
Services for Young Children With Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
387 | (1) |
|
Adolescents and Adults With Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
388 | (1) |
|
|
|
389 | (1) |
|
|
|
389 | (3) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals With Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
390 | (2) |
|
Technology and Individuals With Speech and Language Impairments |
|
|
392 | (1) |
|
Trends, Issues, and Controversies |
|
|
393 | (6) |
|
12 Individuals With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
399 | (46) |
|
Definitions and Concepts in the Field of Hearing Impairment |
|
|
401 | (7) |
|
The Anatomy of the Auditory System |
|
|
401 | (2) |
|
Classifications of Hearing Loss |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
Measurement of Hearing Impairment |
|
|
403 | (3) |
|
Other Types of Hearing Assessment |
|
|
406 | (1) |
|
|
|
407 | (1) |
|
A Brief History of the Field |
|
|
408 | (2) |
|
Prevalence of Hearing Impairment |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
Etiology of Hearing Impairment |
|
|
410 | (2) |
|
Genetic/Hereditary Factors |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
|
411 | (1) |
|
Developmental Abnormalities |
|
|
412 | (1) |
|
Environmental/Traumatic Factors |
|
|
412 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individuals With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
412 | (3) |
|
|
|
413 | (1) |
|
|
|
413 | (1) |
|
|
|
414 | (1) |
|
|
|
414 | (1) |
|
Assessment of Individuals With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
415 | (1) |
|
|
|
415 | (1) |
|
|
|
415 | (1) |
|
Personal/Social/Behavioral Assessment |
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
416 | (10) |
|
Where Are Students With Hearing Impairments Served? |
|
|
418 | (4) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Suggestions for Teaching Students With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
419 | (2) |
|
First Person: Mindy: Believing in Yourself |
|
|
421 | (1) |
|
Instructional Interventions |
|
|
422 | (7) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
424 | (2) |
|
Services for Young Children With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
426 | (1) |
|
Transition and Individuals With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
427 | (2) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Promoting Language Development in Young Children With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
428 | (1) |
|
Services for Adults With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
429 | (1) |
|
|
|
429 | (2) |
|
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
Siblings and Grandparents |
|
|
430 | (1) |
|
|
|
431 | (1) |
|
Technology and Individuals With Hearing Impairments |
|
|
431 | (7) |
|
Hearing Aids and Auditory Training Devices |
|
|
431 | (1) |
|
|
|
432 | (1) |
|
|
|
433 | (1) |
|
Real-Time Captioning/Interpreting Technology |
|
|
433 | (2) |
|
Insights: How to Check a Hearing Aid |
|
|
434 | (1) |
|
|
|
435 | (1) |
|
Telecommunication Devices |
|
|
435 | (1) |
|
|
|
436 | (2) |
|
Trends, Issues, and Controversies |
|
|
438 | (7) |
|
13 Individuals With Visual Impairments |
|
|
445 | (42) |
|
Defining Visual Impairments |
|
|
447 | (2) |
|
|
|
449 | (1) |
|
Classification of Visual Impairments |
|
|
450 | (1) |
|
A Brief History of Visual Impairments |
|
|
450 | (4) |
|
Prevalence of Visual Impairments |
|
|
454 | (1) |
|
The Vision Process and Etiology of Visual Impairments |
|
|
454 | (2) |
|
Prevention of Visual Impairments |
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individuals With Visual Impairments |
|
|
457 | (2) |
|
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
|
|
457 | (2) |
|
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
Assessment of Students With Visual Impairments |
|
|
460 | (5) |
|
Functional Vision Evaluation |
|
|
461 | (1) |
|
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
Educational Assessment and Program Planning |
|
|
463 | (1) |
|
Eligibility Determination |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
465 | (3) |
|
Where Are Students With Visual Impairments Educated? |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
Instructional Considerations |
|
|
466 | (8) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Accommodations for Students With Visual Impairments |
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
Young Children With Visual Impairments |
|
|
469 | (2) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals With Visual Impairments |
|
|
470 | (1) |
|
Transition Into Adulthood |
|
|
471 | (1) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Orientation and Mobility Tips |
|
|
472 | (1) |
|
Adults With Visual Impairments |
|
|
472 | (1) |
|
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
|
|
474 | (1) |
|
Technology and Individuals With Visual Impairments |
|
|
474 | (5) |
|
First Person: Carrie: The Face of "Different" |
|
|
475 | (1) |
|
|
|
476 | (1) |
|
|
|
476 | (2) |
|
Technology and Mathematics |
|
|
478 | (1) |
|
|
|
479 | (1) |
|
|
|
479 | (1) |
|
Trends, Issues, and Controversies |
|
|
479 | (8) |
|
14 Individuals With Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
487 | (52) |
|
Defining Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
490 | (2) |
|
A Brief History of the Field |
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
Emergence of Public Education |
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
Prevalence of Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
493 | (1) |
|
Etiology of Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
494 | (3) |
|
Chromosomal and Genetic Causes |
|
|
494 | (2) |
|
First Person: Virginia: One Day at a Time |
|
|
495 | (1) |
|
|
|
496 | (1) |
|
Prematurity and Complications of Pregnancy |
|
|
496 | (1) |
|
|
|
497 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individuals With Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
497 | (14) |
|
Characteristics of Students With Orthopedic Impairments |
|
|
498 | (5) |
|
Characteristics of Students With Multiple Disabilities |
|
|
503 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Students With Traumatic Brain Injury |
|
|
503 | (2) |
|
Characteristics of Students With Other Health Impairments |
|
|
505 | (5) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Strategies That May Be Used for Students With Traumatic Brain Injury |
|
|
506 | (3) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Steps for Teachers to Take When a Tonic-Clonic Seizure Occurs |
|
|
509 | (1) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals With Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
510 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Students With Deaf-Blindness |
|
|
510 | (1) |
|
Assessment of Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
511 | (2) |
|
Assessment of Students With Deaf-Blindness |
|
|
512 | (1) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
513 | (10) |
|
Where Are Students With Physical or Health Disabilities Educated? |
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
Impact on School Performance |
|
|
514 | (2) |
|
Meeting Educational Needs |
|
|
516 | (6) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Teaching Students With Physical or Health Disabilities |
|
|
521 | (1) |
|
Meeting the Educational Needs of Students Who Are Deaf-Blind |
|
|
522 | (1) |
|
Services for Young Children With Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
523 | (2) |
|
Transition Into Adulthood |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
Adults With Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
Technology and Individuals With Physical Disabilities, Health Disabilities, and Related Low-Incidence Disabilities |
|
|
528 | (4) |
|
|
|
528 | (1) |
|
Augmentative and Alternative Communication |
|
|
529 | (1) |
|
Positioning and Seating Devices |
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
Environmental Control and Assistive Technology for Daily Living |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
Assistive Technology for Play and Recreation |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
Trends, Issues, and Controversies |
|
|
532 | (7) |
|
15 Individuals Who Are Gifted and Talented |
|
|
539 | (50) |
|
Defining Giftedness: Refining the Meaning |
|
|
541 | (4) |
|
Insights: FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) About Children and Youth Who Are Gifted and Talented |
|
|
544 | (1) |
|
Assessing Giftedness and Talent |
|
|
545 | (4) |
|
Differences Among Children Who Are Gifted and Talented |
|
|
549 | (1) |
|
A Brief History of the Field of Gifted and Talented Education |
|
|
550 | (4) |
|
The First Half of the Twentieth Century: Pioneering the Field |
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
The 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s: Establishing Foundations for the Field |
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
The 1980s and 1990s: The Field Matures and Provides Focus for School Reform |
|
|
552 | (2) |
|
The Twenty-First Century: Challenges and Promise Present |
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
Prevalence of Giftedness and Talent |
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
Etiology of Giftedness and Talent |
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of Individuals Who Are Gifted and Talented |
|
|
555 | (2) |
|
Educational Considerations |
|
|
557 | (13) |
|
|
|
557 | (2) |
|
Insights: Myths and Truths About Gifted Students |
|
|
558 | (1) |
|
|
|
559 | (5) |
|
Strategies for Effective Teaching and Learning: Differentiated Instruction |
|
|
560 | (2) |
|
First Person: Patrice: One Size Does Not Fit All |
|
|
562 | (2) |
|
|
|
564 | (3) |
|
Self-Contained Classes and Special Schools |
|
|
567 | (7) |
|
Making Inclusion Work: Individuals Who Are Gifted and Talented |
|
|
568 | (2) |
|
First Person: Graham: Summer Programming |
|
|
570 | (1) |
|
Services for Young Children Who Are Gifted and Talented |
|
|
570 | (1) |
|
Adolescents and Adults Who Are Gifted and Talented |
|
|
571 | (2) |
|
|
|
573 | (1) |
|
|
|
574 | (5) |
|
Students With Gifts and Talents and Disabilities |
|
|
574 | (1) |
|
Girls Who Are Gifted and Talented |
|
|
575 | (2) |
|
Identifying and Serving Children From Diverse Backgrounds |
|
|
577 | (2) |
|
Technology and Individuals Who Are Gifted and Talented |
|
|
579 | (1) |
|
Trends, Issues, and Controversies |
|
|
580 | (9) |
|
|
|
580 | (1) |
|
Striving for World-Class Standards |
|
|
581 | (1) |
|
|
|
582 | (1) |
|
|
|
582 | (1) |
|
Services for Gifted Students Instead of the Gifted Program |
|
|
583 | (1) |
|
|
|
583 | (6) |
| Postscript |
|
589 | (1) |
| Appendix A: Federal Definitions of Disabilities |
|
590 | (2) |
| Appendix B: Professional Standards Council for Exceptional Children |
|
592 | (7) |
| Glossary |
|
599 | (12) |
| References |
|
611 | (33) |
| Author Index |
|
644 | (7) |
| Subject Index |
|
651 | |
