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Library Linked Data in the Cloud: OCLC's Experiments with New Models of Resource Description [Pehme köide]

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Teised raamatud teemal:
This book describes OCLC's contributions to the transformation of the Internet from a web of documents to a Web of Data. The new Web is a growing `cloud' of interconnected resources that identify the things people want to know about when they approach the Internet with an information need. The linked data architecture has achieved critical mass just as it has become clear that library standards for resource description are nearing obsolescence. Working for the world's largest library cooperative, OCLC researchers have been active participants in the development of next-generation standards for library resource description. By engaging with an international community of library and Web standards experts, they have published some of the most widely used RDF datasets representing library collections and librarianship.

This book focuses on the conceptual and technical challenges involved in publishing linked data derived from traditional library metadata.

This transformation is a high priority because most searches for information start not in the library, nor even in a Web-accessible library catalog, but elsewhere on the Internet. Modeling data in a form that the broader Web understands will project the value of libraries into the Digital Information Age.

The exposition is aimed at librarians, archivists, computer scientists, and other professionals interested in modeling bibliographic descriptions as linked data. It aims to achieve a balanced treatment of theory, technical detail, and practical application.
Preface ix
1 Library Standards and the Semantic Web
1(28)
1.1 The Web of Documents and the Semantic Web
1(7)
1.1.1 Records and Graphs
2(4)
1.1.2 The Linked Data Cloud
6(2)
1.2 OCLC's Experiments in Context
8(7)
1.2.1 Web Standards for Delivering Documents and Things
8(4)
1.2.2 The Library Community Responds
12(1)
1.2.3 Linked Data in WorldCat
13(2)
1.3 A Technical Introduction
15(11)
1.3.1 From a MARC 21 Record to RDF
17(5)
1.3.2 Managing Entities in the Web of Data
22(2)
1.3.3 A Systems Perspective
24(2)
1.4
Chapter Summary
26(3)
2 Modeling Library Authority Files
29(28)
2.1 Strings and Things
29(2)
2.2 From Authority Records to RDF Triples
31(12)
2.2.1 The MARC 21 Authority Format
32(1)
2.2.2 MARC 21 Authority Records Modeled in SKOS
33(3)
2.2.3 The FOAF Model of `Person'
36(1)
2.2.4 The Library of Congress Authority Files
37(2)
2.2.5 The Faceted Application of Subject Terminology
39(1)
2.2.6 The Dewey Decimal Classification
40(3)
2.2.7 Summary: First-Generation RDF Models of Library Authority Files
43(1)
2.3 The Virtual International Authority File
43(10)
2.3.1 The VIAF Database Record Structure
44(3)
2.3.2 The VIAF Model of `Person'
47(4)
2.3.3 A Note about Uniform Titles
51(2)
2.4
Chapter Summary
53(4)
3 Modeling and Discovering Creative Works
57(30)
3.1 Library Cataloging and Linked Data
57(2)
3.2 The FRBR Group I Conceptual Model
59(3)
3.3 FRBR in the Web of Data
62(1)
3.4 The OCLC Model of Works
63(18)
3.4.1 Extending Schema.org
65(2)
3.4.2 Modeling FRBR Concepts in Schema.org and BiblioGraph
67(9)
3.4.3 A Note About URI Design
76(1)
3.4.4 BiblioGraph: A Curated Vocabulary for Schema.org
77(1)
3.4.5 Other Models of Creative Works
78(2)
3.4.6 The OCLC Model of Works: A Summary
80(1)
3.5 Discovering Creative Works Through Data Mining
81(3)
3.5.1 Identifying Works and Expressions
81(1)
3.5.2 Identifying Manifestations and Items
82(2)
3.6
Chapter Summary
84(3)
4 Entity Identification Through Text Mining
87(20)
4.1 The Need
87(1)
4.1.1 Text Mining Defined
87(1)
4.1.2 Associating Text with a URI
88(1)
4.2 Recognizing Key Entities
88(9)
4.2.1 Labeled Names
91(4)
4.2.2 Names in Semi-structured Text
95(2)
4.2.3 Names in Unstructured Text
97(1)
4.3 Concept Matching
97(5)
4.3.1 Creating Alignments
99(2)
4.3.2 Linked Library Vocabularies
101(1)
4.4 Clustering
102(3)
4.5
Chapter Summary
105(2)
5 The Library Linked Data Cloud
107(14)
5.1 A Look Back and Forward
107(1)
5.2 Next Steps
107(6)
5.3 A Few Lessons and Some Persistent Challenges
113(8)
5.3.1 Conceptual Challenges
113(2)
5.3.2 Technical Challenges
115(1)
5.3.3 Environmental Challenges
116(5)
Bibliography 121(18)
Authors' Biographies 139