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Liquid Chromatography: Applications 2nd edition [Pehme köide]

Edited by , Edited by (Committee of the Ph.D. School in Nanoscience and Advanced Technologies, University of Verona, Verona, Italy), Edited by (Department of Chemistry, ), Edited by (Distinguished Professor, School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 838 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x191 mm, kaal: 1720 g
  • Sari: Handbooks in Separation Science
  • Ilmumisaeg: 25-Jun-2017
  • Kirjastus: Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0128053925
  • ISBN-13: 9780128053928
Teised raamatud teemal:
Liquid Chromatography: Applications 2nd editionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 838 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x191 mm, kaal: 1720 g
  • Sari: Handbooks in Separation Science
  • Ilmumisaeg: 25-Jun-2017
  • Kirjastus: Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0128053925
  • ISBN-13: 9780128053928
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780128053928.html
Märksõnad:

Liquid Chromatography: Applications, Second Edition,is a single source of authoritative information on all aspects of the practice of modern liquid chromatography. It gives those working in both academia and industry the opportunity to learn, refresh, and deepen their knowledge of the wide variety of applications in the field.

In the years since the first edition was published, thousands of papers have been released on new achievements in liquid chromatography, including the development of new stationary phases, improvement of instrumentation, development of theory, and new applications in biomedicine, metabolomics, proteomics, foodomics, pharmaceuticals, and more.

This second edition addresses these new developments with updated chapters from the most expert researchers in the field.

  • Emphasizes the integration of chromatographic methods and sample preparation
  • Explains how liquid chromatography is used in different industrial sectors
  • Covers the most interesting and valuable applications in different fields, e.g., proteomic, metabolomics, foodomics, pollutants and contaminants, and drug analysis (forensic, toxicological, pharmaceutical, biomedical)
  • Includes references and tables with commonly used data to facilitate research, practical work, comparison of results, and decision-making

Arvustused

"This book serves as a valuable update to the first edition of Liquid chromatography: applications. New technologies and approaches to complex separations problems have been presented clearly by a series of qualified authors resulting in a good reference for the analytical laboratory." --Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

Muu info

A single source of authoritative information on modern liquid chromatography for advanced students and professionals in laboratory or managerial capacities
Handbooks in Separation Science Series ii
Contributors xix
Chapter 1 Sample preparation for liquid chromatography
1(38)
Hiroyuki Kataoka
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Overview
2(6)
1.2.1 Objectives of Sample Preparation
2(1)
1.2.2 Classification of Sample Preparation
3(2)
1.2.3 Automation of Sample Preparation
5(3)
1.3 Sample Extraction Techniques
8(21)
1.3.1 Liquid-Phase Microextraction
8(6)
1.3.2 Solid-Phase Extraction
14(4)
1.3.3 Solid-Phase Microextraction
18(2)
1.3.4 Fiber SPME
20(4)
1.3.5 In-tube SPME
24(3)
1.3.6 Other Sorbent Microextraction Techniques for HPLC
27(2)
1.4 Conclusions
29(10)
References
30(9)
Chapter 2 Derivatization in liquid chromatography
39(30)
Colin F. Poole
2.1 Introduction
39(2)
2.2 Reagent Selection
41(20)
2.2.1 Reagents for UV-Visible Detection
43(1)
2.2.2 Reagents for Fluorescence and Chemiluminescence Detection
44(6)
2.2.3 Reagents for Electrochemical Detection
50(2)
2.2.4 Reagents for Mass-Spectrometric Detection
52(4)
2.2.5 Reagents for the Formation of Diastereomers
56(3)
2.2.6 Multifunctional Reagents for the Formation of Cyclic Derivatives
59(1)
2.2.7 Solid-Phase Analytical Derivatization
60(1)
2.3 Postcolumn Reaction Detectors
61(2)
2.3.1 Photoreactors
62(1)
2.4 Conclusions
63(6)
References
63(6)
Chapter 3 Liquid chromatographic separation of enantiomers
69(18)
Bezhan Chankvetadze
3.1 Introduction
69(2)
3.2 Short History of Chiral LC Separations
71(1)
3.3 Materials for LC Separation of Enantiomers
72(2)
3.4 Modes of LC Separation of Enantiomers
74(4)
3.4.1 Analytical Scale Separation of Enantiomers
74(2)
3.4.2 Preparative Scale Separation of Enantiomers in LC
76(2)
3.5 Separation of Enantiomers in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC)
78(1)
3.6 Current Trends
79(2)
3.7 Future Needs
81(6)
References
82(5)
Chapter 4 Amino acid and bioamine separations
87(20)
Reiko Koga
Yurika Miyoshi
Kenichiro Todoroki
Kenji Hamase
4.1 Introduction
87(1)
4.2 Direct Separation of Amino Acids
88(2)
4.2.1 Postcolumn Colorimetric and Fluorescence Derivatization of Amino Acids
88(1)
4.2.2 ESI-MS/MS Determination of Underivatized Amino Acids
89(1)
4.3 Indirect Separation of Amino Acids
90(5)
4.3.1 Derivatization With UV-VIS Reagents
90(2)
4.3.2 Derivatization With Fluorescent Reagents
92(2)
4.3.3 Derivatization for Mass Spectrometric Detection
94(1)
4.4 Enantioselective Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Amino Acids
95(3)
4.4.1 Chiral Derivatization Reagents for Amino Acid Enantiomers
95(1)
4.4.2 Chiral Stationary Phases for Amino Acid Enantiomers
96(1)
4.4.3 Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Amino Acid Enantiomers
96(2)
4.5 Direct Separation of Biogenic Amines
98(1)
4.6 Indirect Separation of Biogenic Amines
99(2)
4.7 Conclusions
101(6)
References
101(6)
Chapter 5 Protein and peptide separations
107(52)
Uros Andjelkovic
Jasminka Giacometti
Djuro Josic
5.1 Introduction
107(2)
5.2 Methods of Protein Liquid Chromatography
109(26)
5.2.1 Size-Exclusion Chromatography
109(2)
5.2.2 Ion-Exchange Chromatography
111(5)
5.2.3 Methods Based on the Hydrophobic Interaction
116(7)
5.2.4 Affinity Chromatography
123(6)
5.2.5 Chromatography on Hydroxyapatite
129(1)
5.2.6 Chromatography on Monolithic Supports
130(3)
5.2.7 Displacement Chromatography
133(2)
5.3 Conclusions
135(24)
Acknowledgments
135(1)
Addendum 1 Protein and Peptide Chromatography---References Update
135(12)
Addendum 2 Sample Displacement Chromatography
147(1)
Introduction
147(2)
Development and Use of Sample Displacement Chromatography
149(1)
Conclusions
150(2)
References
152(5)
Further Reading
157(2)
Chapter 6 Liquid chromatographic separation of oligonucleotides
159(24)
Mirlinda Biba
Joe P. Foley
Christopher J. Welch
6.1 Introduction
159(2)
6.2 Oligonucleotide and siRNA Structure and Preparation
161(4)
6.3 Chromatographic Separation of Oligonucleotides
165(12)
6.3.1 Separation of Oligonucleotides With Ion-Exchange Liquid Chromatography
166(1)
6.3.2 Separation of Oligonucleotides With IP-RPLC
167(7)
6.3.3 Separation of Oligonucleotides With Mixed-Mode Chromatography
174(3)
6.4 Summary
177(6)
References
178(5)
Chapter 7 Separation of glycans and monosaccharides
183(18)
Louise Royle
7.1 Introduction
183(1)
7.2 Types of Glycans
184(2)
7.3 Analysis and Characterization of Glycans
186(8)
7.3.1 Glycan Release
187(1)
7.3.2 Fluorescent Labeling of Glycans
187(1)
7.3.3 Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography
188(3)
7.3.4 Weak Anion-Exchange Liquid Chromatography
191(1)
7.3.5 Exoglycosidase Sequencing
192(1)
7.3.6 Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography
192(1)
7.3.7 Porous Graphitic Carbon
193(1)
7.4 Monosaccharide Composition Analysis
194(5)
7.4.1 Hydrolysis of Monosaccharides
196(1)
7.4.2 Labeling and Analysis of Monosaccharides
196(3)
7.5 Conclusion
199(2)
References
199(2)
Chapter 8 Separation of lipids
201(44)
Paola Donato
Paola Dugo
Luigi Mondello
8.1 Introduction and Contents
202(1)
8.2 Definitions and Classification
203(1)
8.3 Structures and Occurrence
204(9)
8.3.1 Fatty Acids
204(3)
8.3.2 Glycerolipids
207(1)
8.3.3 Glycerophospholipids
208(1)
8.3.4 Sphingolipids
208(2)
8.3.5 Sterol Lipids
210(2)
8.3.6 Prenol Lipids
212(1)
8.3.7 Saccharolipids
212(1)
8.3.8 Polyketides
213(1)
8.4 Sample Handling and Extraction
213(6)
8.4.1 Sampling and Sample Preparation
213(1)
8.4.2 Soxhlet Extraction
214(1)
8.4.3 Method of Folch, Lees, and Stanley
215(1)
8.4.4 Method of Bligh and Dyer
215(1)
8.4.5 Accelerated Solvent Extraction
216(1)
8.4.6 Supercritical Fluid Extraction
216(1)
8.4.7 Microwave-Assisted Extraction
217(1)
8.4.8 Other Extraction Methods
218(1)
8.5 Lipid Analysis by LC
219(20)
8.5.1 Thin-Layer Chromatography
219(3)
8.5.2 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
222(10)
8.5.3 HPLC-MS Techniques
232(4)
8.5.4 Multidimensional Liquid Chromatography (MDLC, 2DLC)
236(3)
8.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
239(6)
References
239(6)
Chapter 9 Metabolic phenotyping (metabonomics/metabolomics) by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
245(22)
Helen Gika
Georgios Theodoridis
Paul Rainville
Robert S. Plumb
Ian D. Wilson
9.1 Introduction
245(1)
9.2 LC-MS-Based Approaches to Metabolic Phenotyping
246(10)
9.2.1 Reversed-Phase HPLC and U(H)PLC/MS for Metabolic Phenotyping
247(3)
9.2.2 Polar Metabolite Analysis via HILIC, Aqueous Normal Phase (ANP), and Ion Chromatography(IC)/ Ion Exchange (IE) LC-MS-Based Metabolic Phenotyping
250(2)
9.2.3 Multicolumn and Multidimensional LC Separations
252(2)
9.2.4 Miniaturization
254(2)
9.3 Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC)
256(2)
9.4 Ion Mobility Spectrometry
258(1)
9.5 Conclusions
259(8)
References
260(7)
Chapter 10 Foodomics: LC and LC-MS-based omics strategies in food science and nutrition
267(34)
Bienvenida Gilbert-Lopez
Alberto Valdes
Tanize Acunha
Virginia Garcia-Canas
Carolina Simo
Alejandro Cifuentes
10.1 Introduction
267(1)
10.2 Fundamentals of Omics Approaches Based on LC
268(9)
10.2.1 Proteomics
268(3)
10.2.2 Peptidomics
271(2)
10.2.3 Metabolomics
273(2)
10.2.4 Lipidomics
275(1)
10.2.5 Glycomics
276(1)
10.3 LC-Based Foodomics Applications
277(24)
10.3.1 Food Bioactivity
280(5)
10.3.2 Food Safety
285(3)
10.3.3 Food Quality, Authenticity, and Traceability
288(2)
Acknowledgments
290(1)
References
290(11)
Chapter 11 Forensic toxicology
301(58)
Chris Kostakis
Peter Harpas
Peter C. Stockham
11.1 General Drug Screening
303(4)
11.1.1 Extraction Techniques
303(2)
11.1.2 Screening Using Diode Array Detection
305(2)
11.2 Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: Background and Considerations
307(3)
11.2.1 Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Sources: APCI, ESI
308(1)
11.2.2 ESI and Mobile Phase pH
308(1)
11.2.3 Atmospheric-Pressure Chemical Ionization
309(1)
11.2.4 General Practical Considerations for LC-MS
309(1)
11.3 Forensic Toxicology LC-MS Applications
310(8)
11.3.1 Overview
310(2)
11.3.2 Single Quadrupole Instruments
312(1)
11.3.3 Time-of-Flight Instruments
312(1)
11.3.4 Orbitrap Analysers
313(1)
11.3.5 Low Resolution Ion Traps
314(1)
11.3.6 Data Dependent Acquisition and Data Independent Acquisition for Broad Screening
314(4)
11.4 LCMS Identification Criteria in Forensic Toxicology
318(2)
11.4.1 The Continuing Relevance of Chromatography
318(1)
11.4.2 MS Identification Criteria
319(1)
11.5 Validation and Matrix Effects
320(3)
11.5.1 Validation Requirements
320(1)
11.5.2 Matrix Effects
321(2)
11.6 Testing for Driving Under the Influence of Drugs Using Oral Fluids
323(6)
11.6.1 Analytical Methodology
324(1)
11.6.2 Sample Preparation
324(1)
11.6.3 LC-Tandem MS
325(3)
11.6.4 Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Oral Fluid--Conclusions and Future Directions
328(1)
11.7 Analysis of Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) in Forensic Toxicology
329(3)
11.8 Toxicological Analysis of Hair in the Investigation of Drug-Facilitated Crimes
332(3)
11.8.1 Sample Preparation
333(1)
11.8.2 Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometric Analysis
334(1)
11.9 Targeted Poisons
335(5)
11.9.1 Paraquat and Diquat
336(1)
11.9.2 Cyanide
337(1)
11.9.3 Glyphosate
338(1)
11.9.4 Rodenticides
339(1)
11.10 Conclusions
340(19)
References
340(18)
Further Reading
358(1)
Chapter 12 Compositional analysis of foods
359(22)
Miguel Herrero
Maria Castro-Puyana
Elena Ibanez
Alejandro Cifuentes
12.1 Introduction
359(2)
12.2 Carbohydrates
361(3)
12.3 Vitamins
364(5)
12.3.1 Fat-Soluble Vitamins
365(1)
12.3.2 Water-Soluble Vitamins
366(2)
12.3.3 Multivitamin Methods
368(1)
12.4 Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
369(1)
12.5 Lipids
370(2)
12.6 Minor Components of Food
372(2)
12.6.1 Phenolic Compounds
372(1)
12.6.2 Carotenoids
372(1)
12.6.3 Others
373(1)
12.7 Food Additives
374(3)
12.7.1 Food Preservatives
374(1)
12.7.2 Antioxidants
375(1)
12.7.3 Colorants
375(1)
12.7.4 Sweeteners
376(1)
12.8 Conclusions and Future Trends
377(4)
Acknowledgments
377(1)
References
378(3)
Chapter 13 Multiresidue methods for pesticides and related contaminants in food
381(20)
Maria Ibanez
13.1 Introduction
381(2)
13.2 Sample Treatment
383(2)
13.3 Matrix Effects in LC-MS Analysis
385(2)
13.4 Method Validation
387(2)
13.5 Analysis of Samples
389(3)
13.6 Individual Methods for Specific Compounds
392(1)
13.7 LC-HR MS in the Field of PRA
392(9)
References
396(5)
Chapter 14 Environmental analysis: Persistent organic pollutants
401(50)
Lane C. Sander
Michele M. Schantz
Stephen A. Wise
14.1 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
404(5)
14.2 Chlorinated Aromatic Compounds
409(2)
14.3 Pesticides
411(3)
14.4 Brominated Flame Retardants
414(7)
14.4.1 BDEs
415(2)
14.4.2 HBCDs and Brominated Cycloalkanes
417(4)
14.4.3 Tetrabromobisphenol A
421(1)
14.5 Perfluoroalkyl Compounds
421(11)
14.5.1 Water and Sediments
427(2)
14.5.2 Biota
429(1)
14.5.3 Human Source Materials
430(2)
14.6 Reference Materials
432(4)
14.7 Concluding Remarks
436(1)
14.8 Disclaimer
436(15)
References
436(13)
Further Reading
449(2)
Chapter 15 Environmental analysis: Emerging pollutants
451(28)
Mira Celic
Marinella Farre
Miren Lopez de Alda
Sandra Perez
Damia Barcelo
Mira Petrovic
15.1 Introduction
451(1)
15.2 General Trends
452(6)
15.2.1 Fast Chromatography
453(1)
15.2.2 On-Line SPE-LC-MS Coupling
454(1)
15.2.3 Multiresidue Methods
454(2)
15.2.4 Suspect Screening and Nontarget Analysis Using LC-HRMS
456(2)
15.3 Target Analysis of Specific Contaminant Groups Using LC-MS
458(8)
15.3.1 Hormones and Other Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs)
458(2)
15.3.2 Carbon-Based Nanomaterials
460(1)
15.3.3 Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances
461(2)
15.3.4 Pharmaceuticals
463(1)
15.3.5 Pesticides
463(3)
15.4 Conclusions
466(13)
Acknowledgments
467(1)
References
467(10)
Further Reading
477(2)
Chapter 16 Analysis of natural toxins by liquid chromatography
479(36)
Ines Rodriguez
Jesus M. Gonzalez
Ana M. Botana
Maria J. Sainz
Mercedes R. Vieytes
Amparo Alfonso
Luis M. Botana
16.1 Introduction
479(6)
16.2 Mycotoxins
485(3)
16.3 Lipophilic Marine Toxins
488(5)
16.4 Cyanotoxins
493(3)
16.5 Tetrodotoxin
496(4)
16.6 Saxitoxin and Analogs
500(15)
Acknowledgments
504(1)
References
504(10)
Further Reading
514(1)
Chapter 17 Liquid chromatography in the pharmaceutical industry
515(24)
Roman Szucs
Claudio Brunelli
Francois Lestremau
Melissa Hanna-Brown
17.1 The Role of Separation Science in Pharmaceutical Drug Development
515(2)
17.2 Increasing Chromatographic Resolution
517(10)
17.2.1 High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography Through Increased Efficiency
517(6)
17.2.2 High-Resolution Liquid Chromatography Through Increased Selectivity
523(4)
17.3 Chromatographic Method Development: RPLC
527(12)
17.3.1 Required Method Performance
527(1)
17.3.2 Selection of the Stationary Phase, pH, and Organic Solvent
528(1)
17.3.3 Optimization of Temperature and Gradient
529(3)
17.3.4 Optimization of the Mobile-Phase pH
532(2)
17.3.5 Structure-Driven Prediction of Chromatographic Retention
534(1)
Acknowledgments
535(1)
References
535(2)
Further Reading
537(2)
Chapter 18 Determination of veterinary drug residues in foods by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Basic and cutting-edge applications
539(32)
Maria Dolores Marazuela
18.1 Introduction
539(3)
18.1.1 Veterinary Residues
539(1)
18.1.2 Regulatory Aspects in the EU
540(2)
18.2 Options in Veterinary Residue Analysis Using LC-MS
542(21)
18.2.1 Sample Preparation Issues
542(2)
18.2.2 LC Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS2)
544(2)
18.2.3 LC-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS)
546(17)
18.3 Conclusions
563(8)
References
564(7)
Chapter 19 Analysis of vitamins by liquid chromatography
571(46)
Alessandra Gentili
Fulvia Caretti
19.1 Introduction
571(1)
19.2 Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Water-Soluble Vitamins
572(11)
19.2.1 Vitamin B1
574(2)
19.2.2 Vitamin B2
576(1)
19.2.3 Vitamin B3
577(1)
19.2.4 Vitamin B5
578(1)
19.2.5 Vitamin B6
578(1)
19.2.6 Vitamin B8
579(1)
19.2.7 Vitamin B9
580(1)
19.2.8 Vitamin B12
581(1)
19.2.9 Vitamin C
582(1)
19.3 Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Fat-Soluble Vitamins
583(8)
19.3.1 Vitamin A
585(1)
19.3.2 Vitamin D
586(3)
19.3.3 Vitamin E
589(1)
19.3.4 Vitamin K
590(1)
19.4 Multivitamin Methods
591(26)
References
603(14)
Chapter 20 Applications of liquid chromatography in the quality control of traditional Chinese medicines: An overview
617(48)
Shing-Chung Lam
Zong-Lin Yang
Jing Zhao
Shao-Ping Li
20.1 Introduction
618(1)
20.2 Separation Modes of Liquid Chromatography
619(20)
20.2.1 Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography
619(12)
20.2.2 Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography
631(1)
20.2.3 Ion-Exchange Chromatography
632(1)
20.2.4 Size Exclusion Chromatography
632(4)
20.2.5 Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography (2DLC)
636(3)
20.2.6 Miscellaneous
639(1)
20.3 Detections
639(9)
20.3.1 UV-Vis Detection
639(4)
20.3.2 Nonspectrometry Detection (RID, ELSD, CAD, and ECD)
643(1)
20.3.3 Multiangle Laser Light Scattering (MALLS) Detection
644(1)
20.3.4 Mass Spectrometry (MS) Detection
644(2)
20.3.5 Biochemical Detection (BCD)
646(1)
20.3.6 Miscellaneous
646(2)
20.4 Concluding Remarks
648(17)
References
648(17)
Chapter 21 Analysis of neurotransmitters and their metabolites by liquid chromatography
665(62)
Kelly E. Bosse
Johnna A. Birbeck
Brooke D. Newman
Tiffany A. Mathews
21.1 Introduction
665(12)
21.1.1 Analytical Considerations for Microdialysis
668(6)
21.1.2 LC Methods for Microdialysis and Tissue Content
674(3)
21.2 Biogenic Amines
677(12)
21.3 Acetylcholine
689(2)
21.4 Amino Acids
691(5)
21.5 Purines: Adenosine Triphosphate and Adenosine
696(3)
21.6 Endocannabinoids
699(3)
21.7 Neuropeptides
702(4)
21.8 Multianalyte Monitoring of Neurotransmitters from Diverse Classes
706(2)
21.9 Clinical Applications of Microdialysis Sampling and Liquid Chromatographic-Based Analysis
708(3)
21.9.1 Cerebral Ischemia
708(1)
21.9.2 Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Brain Cancer Therapies
709(2)
21.10 Conclusions
711(16)
References
711(16)
Chapter 22 Principles, current applications, and future perspectives of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in clinical chemistry
727(26)
Matteo Ludovici
Cristiano Ialongo
Emanuela Camera
22.1 Introduction
727(1)
22.2 Sample Preparation in Clinical LC-MS
728(2)
22.3 LC-MS Technologies in Clinical Chemistry
730(6)
22.3.1 Liquid Chromatography
730(3)
22.3.2 LC-MS Interfaces
733(1)
22.3.3 Mass Spectrometers
734(1)
22.3.4 Quadrupole Analyzers
735(1)
22.3.5 Accurate Mass Analyzers
735(1)
22.4 Applications
736(7)
22.4.1 Fat-Soluble Vitamins
736(3)
22.4.2 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (And Their Metabolites)
739(2)
22.4.3 Endogenous Glucocorticoids
741(2)
22.5 Future Perspectives
743(1)
22.6 Conclusions
744(9)
References
744(9)
Chapter 23 Speciation and element-specific detection
753(16)
Bernhard Michalke
Volker Nischwitz
23.1 Introduction
753(2)
23.2 Sampling
755(1)
23.3 Sample Storage and Processing
755(1)
23.4 Speciation Approaches: Direct Methods or Hyphenated Techniques
756(4)
23.4.1 Separation Techniques
756(4)
23.5 Interfacing: Nebulizers, Use of Internal Standard and Postcolumn Dilution
760(1)
23.6 Element-Selective Detection
761(2)
23.6.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
761(1)
23.6.2 Inductively Coupled Plasma Detectors
761(2)
23.7 Quantification and Quality Control
763(6)
References
765(4)
Chapter 24 Environmental analysis: Atmospheric samples
769(30)
Jevgeny Parshintsev
Kari Hartonen
Marja-Liisa Riekkola
24.1 Introduction
769(1)
24.2 Sampling and Sample Preparation
770(3)
24.3 Off-Line Techniques
773(17)
24.3.1 Organic Acids
773(5)
24.3.2 Organosulfates
778(1)
24.3.3 Ammonia and Amines
779(2)
24.3.4 Aldehydes
781(1)
24.3.5 Amino Acids
782(4)
24.3.6 Carbohydrates
786(2)
24.3.7 Lipids
788(1)
24.3.8 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
788(1)
24.3.9 Other Compounds
789(1)
24.4 On-Line and On-Site Techniques
790(2)
24.5 Conclusions
792(7)
Acknowledgments
793(1)
References
793(6)
Index 799
Salvatore Fanali is Director of Research at the Institute of Chemical Methodologies, Italian National Research Council (C.N.R.) in Monterotondo (Rome), Italy, and head of the Capillary Electromigration and Chromatographic Methods Unit at the same Institute. His research activity is mainly focused on separation science including the development of modern miniaturized techniques (electrodriven and liquid chromatography). He also studies hyphenation with mass spectrometry and development of new stationary phases. Separation methods developed are currently applied to food, pharmaceuticals, chiral environment, and biomedical analysis. He is Editor of the Journal of Chromatography A and a member of the advisory editorial board of seven international scientific journals. Fanali is the author of about 300 publications including some book chapters. He received several awards including the Liberti Medal” in Separation Science from the Italian Chemical Society. Paul Haddad is currently a Distinguished Professor of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Federation Fellow at the University of Tasmania, as well as Director of the Pfizer Analytical Research Centre. He has more than 500 publications in this field and has presented in excess of 450 papers at local and international scientific meetings. He is an editor of Journal of Chromatography A, a contributing editor for Trends in Analytical Chemistry, and was an editor of Analytica Chimica Acta for 6 years. He is currently a member of the editorial boards of 10 other journals of analytical chemistry or separation science.

He is the recipient of several national and international awards, including the ACS Award in Chromatography, the Marcel Golay Award, the AJP Martin Gold Medal awarded by the Chromatographic Society, the Royal Society of Chemistry Analytical Separation Methods Award, the RACI HG Smith and Analytical Division medals, and more. Professor Colin Poole is internationally known in the field of thin-layer chromatography and is an editor of the Journal of Chromatography and former editor of the Journal of Planar Chromatography Modern TLC. He has authored several books on chromatography, recent examples being The Essence of Chromatography published by Elsevier (2003), and Gas Chromatography published by Elsevier (2012). He is the author of approximately 400 research articles, many of which deal with thin-layer chromatography, and is co-chair of the biennial International Symposium on High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography”. Marja-Liisa Riekkola is a professor of Analytical Chemistry at Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland. She is well recognized in the field of separation science. She serves as Editor of Journal of Chromatography A. Prof. Riekkola is one of the leaders in chromatography with a large number of publications.