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1 | (30) |
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2 | (3) |
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1.2 Close Cousins: Kleptocracy, Corruption, and Rent-Seeking |
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5 | (3) |
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1.3 Modeling the Government |
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8 | (4) |
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1.3.1 Focus on the National Interest |
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8 | (1) |
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1.3.2 Efficiency of Resource Use |
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8 | (1) |
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1.3.3 Limit Economic Disparity |
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9 | (1) |
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1.3.4 Value Future Generations |
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9 | (3) |
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12 | (3) |
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1.5 Taxation and Government Debt |
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15 | (3) |
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1.5.1 Endogenous Tax Rates |
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15 | (1) |
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1.5.2 Endogenous Government Debt |
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15 | (3) |
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18 | (1) |
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1.7 Modeling the Culture of Corruption |
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19 | (1) |
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1.8 The Big Three: Growth Slowdown, Wage Inequality, and Fiscal Crisis |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (6) |
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28 | (3) |
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2 Two-Period Model of Government Investment |
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31 | (48) |
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2.1 The Life-Cycle Model of Consumption and Saving |
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32 | (3) |
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2.2 Introducing the Government |
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35 | (3) |
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2.3 The Small-Open Economy Model |
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38 | (4) |
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2.4 Human Capital, Inequality, and Public Debt |
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42 | (4) |
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46 | (2) |
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2.6 Public Capital and Productivity |
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48 | (1) |
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2.7 Pure and Impure Public Capital |
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49 | (2) |
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2.8 The Allocation of Public Capital |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (5) |
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58 | (1) |
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2.11 A Dynamic Generational Model |
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59 | (4) |
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2.12 Principles for Tax Collection |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (2) |
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65 | (14) |
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73 | (3) |
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76 | (3) |
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3 Politics and Corruption in the Two-Period Model |
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79 | (36) |
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3.1 Fiscal Policy with Policy Makers |
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81 | (2) |
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3.2 The Politics of Investment Allocation |
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83 | (4) |
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3.3 Fiscal Federalism with Politics |
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87 | (5) |
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3.4 Foreign Funding and Regional Inequality |
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92 | (2) |
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3.5 Political Polarization |
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94 | (6) |
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3.6 Interest Groups and Rent Seeking |
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100 | (6) |
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3.7 Determinants of Corruption |
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106 | (2) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (6) |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (2) |
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4 Overlapping-Generations Model of Economic Growth |
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115 | (36) |
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4.1 Firms, Production, and the Demand for Capital |
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116 | (5) |
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4.1.1 Capital and Labor Shares |
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119 | (2) |
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4.2 Household Saving and the Supply of Capital |
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121 | (3) |
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4.2.1 The Wage Elasticity of Work and the Interest Elasticity of Saving |
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124 | (1) |
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4.3 Competitive Equilibrium in a Growing Economy |
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124 | (6) |
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4.3.1 Transition Equation Analytics |
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128 | (1) |
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4.3.2 From the Capital-Labor Ratio to Worker Productivity Growth |
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129 | (1) |
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4.4 Steady State Growth---Technical Progress |
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130 | (2) |
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4.4.1 Transition Equation Analytics |
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131 | (1) |
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4.4.2 From the Capital-Labor Ratio to Worker Productivity Growth |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (6) |
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4.6 Beyond Private Capital: Other Sources of Growth |
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138 | (2) |
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140 | (5) |
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145 | (6) |
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149 | (2) |
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5 Fiscal Policy in the Overlapping-Generations Model |
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151 | (34) |
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5.1 Introducing the Government |
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151 | (5) |
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153 | (1) |
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5.1.2 Government Capital and Private Production |
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154 | (1) |
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5.1.3 Households with Taxes and Transfers |
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155 | (1) |
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5.1.4 Capital Market Equilibrium and Fiscal Policy |
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156 | (1) |
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5.2 The Economic Effects of Fiscal Policy---Government Purchases |
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156 | (3) |
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5.2.1 Government Purchases-Consumption |
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157 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Government Purchases-Consumption and Investment |
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158 | (1) |
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5.3 The Economic Effects of Fiscal Policy---Intergenerational Transfers |
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159 | (4) |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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5.3.3 Government Pensions---Fully Funded |
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162 | (1) |
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5.3.4 Government Pensions---Pay-As-You-Go (PAYG) |
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162 | (1) |
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5.4 Capital Accumulation in an Open Economy |
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163 | (4) |
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5.4.1 Low International Interest Rates |
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164 | (1) |
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5.4.2 Open Capital Markets and Growth in Developing Countries |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (4) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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5.6 Generational Accounting |
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171 | (2) |
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5.7 Fiscal Crises, Financial Crises, and Recessions |
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173 | (1) |
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5.8 Ten Important Results from Economic Theory |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (10) |
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181 | (2) |
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183 | (2) |
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6 Politics, Corruption, and Economic Growth |
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185 | (36) |
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6.1 Government: Benevolent Dictator or Kleptocrat? |
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188 | (7) |
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6.2 Wagner's Law and Interest Groups |
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195 | (6) |
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201 | (1) |
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6.4 A Benchmark Economy without Corruption-Evasion |
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202 | (4) |
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6.5 An Economy with Corruption and Evasion |
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206 | (8) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (6) |
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217 | (4) |
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7 Corruption and Public Debt |
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221 | (28) |
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7.1 Theories of Government Debt |
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222 | (2) |
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7.2 Corruption and Altruism in the Two-Period Model |
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224 | (4) |
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7.3 A Benchmark Economy without Corruption and Evasion |
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228 | (5) |
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7.4 An Economy with Corruption and Evasion |
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233 | (8) |
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241 | (4) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (4) |
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247 | (2) |
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8 The Political Economy of Fiscal Reforms |
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249 | (42) |
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8.1 Economic Fundamentals |
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250 | (23) |
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8.1.1 Aging and Rising Health Care Costs |
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250 | (3) |
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8.1.2 Slowing Long-Run Economic Growth |
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253 | (6) |
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8.1.3 Rising Wage Inequality |
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259 | (3) |
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8.1.4 Policies Addressing the Economic Fundamentals |
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262 | (11) |
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273 | (8) |
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8.2.1 Corruption, Tax Evasion, and Public Debt |
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274 | (1) |
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8.2.2 Interest Groups and Public Debt |
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275 | (1) |
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275 | (4) |
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8.2.4 Budget Process and Rules |
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279 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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8.3 Reforming Foreign Aid |
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281 | (3) |
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8.3.1 Needed: Accountants without Borders |
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281 | (1) |
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8.3.2 Alternative Pre-conditions for Aid |
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282 | (1) |
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282 | (1) |
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8.3.4 A Knowledge Bank of Development Projects |
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283 | (1) |
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8.3.5 Deal with Corruption First |
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283 | (1) |
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284 | (7) |
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286 | (5) |
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291 | (34) |
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291 | (4) |
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9.1.1 Why Does Sustained Modern Economic Growth Fail to Take-Off? |
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291 | (1) |
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9.1.2 Why Does Foreign Aid to Governments of Developing Countries Fail to Generate Growth? |
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292 | (1) |
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9.1.3 Why Does Long-Run Growth Eventually Slow? |
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292 | (1) |
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9.1.4 Why Is Income Inequality on the Rise? |
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293 | (1) |
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9.1.5 Why Have Fiscal Crises Become Commonplace, Threatening the Prosperity of most Developed Countries? |
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294 | (1) |
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9.2 The Big Four?---Climate Change |
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295 | (4) |
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295 | (1) |
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296 | (1) |
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9.2.3 The Policy Response |
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297 | (1) |
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9.2.4 The Climate Crisis and the Fiscal Crisis |
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298 | (1) |
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299 | (1) |
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9.3 The Big Four?---Robots |
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299 | (6) |
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9.3.1 Smart Machines and the Future of Work |
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301 | (1) |
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9.3.2 A Model with Robots |
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302 | (1) |
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303 | (2) |
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9.4 The Big Four?---Pandemics |
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305 | (5) |
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9.4.1 Short-Run Economic Effects |
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306 | (2) |
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9.4.2 Long-Run Economic Effects |
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308 | (1) |
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9.4.3 New Generational Tensions |
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309 | (1) |
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9.5 Is Government Failure Inevitable? |
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310 | (2) |
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312 | (9) |
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9.6.1 Is the United States, Rome? |
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313 | (4) |
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317 | (4) |
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9.7 Suggestions for Further Reading and Study |
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321 | (4) |
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322 | (3) |
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325 | (16) |
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325 | (3) |
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328 | (4) |
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A.3 Nonnegativity Constraints and Corner Solutions |
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332 | (2) |
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A.4 Total Differentials and Linear Approximations |
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334 | (1) |
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335 | (1) |
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336 | (2) |
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A.7 Game Theory and Nash Equilibrium |
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338 | (1) |
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338 | (1) |
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339 | (2) |
Index |
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341 | |