Why do non-Jewish football fans chant "Yid Army" or wave "Super Jews" bannersespecially in support of clubs that are not Jewish? The Making of "Jew Clubs" explores how four major European football clubsFC Bayern Munich, FK Austria Vienna, Ajax Amsterdam, and Tottenham Hotspurcame to be seen as "Jew Clubs," even though they have never officially identified as Jewish. In this transnational study, Pavel Brunssen traces how both Jewish and non-Jewish actors perform Jewishness, antisemitism, and philosemitism within European football cultures over the 20th and 21st centuries. Drawing on a wide array of primary sourcesfrom fan chants and matchday rituals to media portrayals and club historiesthe book reveals how football stadiums have become unexpected stages for negotiating memory, identity, and historical trauma. Offering a new approach to Holocaust memory, sports history, and Jewish studies, The Making of "Jew Clubs" shows how football cultures reflect and reshape Europe's conflicted relationship with its Jewish past.
