Acknowledgments |
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xvii | |
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Part I Concepts, Principles, and Applications |
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1 | (174) |
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Chapter 1 An Introduction to Managerial Epidemiology |
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3 | (8) |
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Epidemiology and Health Services Management |
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3 | (1) |
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How This Book Is Organized |
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4 | (5) |
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This Book's Case-Study Approach to Managerial Epidemiology |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (2) |
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Chapter 2 Population Health |
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11 | (18) |
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12 | (1) |
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What Are Population Health Outcomes? |
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13 | (1) |
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What Are Health Determinants? |
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14 | (1) |
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Age and Population Health |
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15 | (1) |
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Socioeconomic Status and Population Health |
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16 | (1) |
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Race or Ethnicity and Population Health |
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17 | (2) |
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Gender and Population Health |
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19 | (2) |
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Marital Status or Religion and Population Health |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (5) |
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Case Study 2.1 Infant Mortality Disparities by Race and Ethnicity |
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22 | (4) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (3) |
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Chapter 3 Infectious Disease Epidemiology |
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29 | (32) |
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Agent, Host, and Environment |
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30 | (3) |
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33 | (3) |
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Healthcare-Associated Infections |
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36 | (6) |
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Case Study 3.1 NHSN Tracking of Surgical Site Infections |
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38 | (4) |
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42 | (5) |
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Case Study 3.2 Hepatitis B Outbreak at a Skilled Nursing Facility |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (5) |
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52 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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52 | (2) |
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54 | (7) |
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Chapter 4 Measuring and Interpreting Morbidity |
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61 | (24) |
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61 | (2) |
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The Nature and Definition of Disease |
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63 | (1) |
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The Natural History of Disease |
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64 | (1) |
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Sources of Morbidity Data |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (6) |
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Case Study 4.1 Epidemiologic Investigation of Congestive Heart Failure |
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70 | (2) |
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72 | (8) |
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Case Study 4.2 Breast Cancer Screening |
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76 | (4) |
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80 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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80 | (2) |
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82 | (3) |
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Chapter 5 Healthcare Planning and Needs Assessment |
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85 | (36) |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (1) |
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Community Needs Assessment |
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88 | (2) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (4) |
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Other Categories of Planning |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (7) |
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Case Study 5.1 Determining Bed Demand for Cardiac Patients Aged 65-84 |
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97 | (6) |
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Geographic or Service Area Markets |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (2) |
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Community Health Planning |
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107 | (5) |
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112 | (3) |
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115 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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115 | (2) |
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117 | (4) |
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Chapter 6 Quality of Care Measurement |
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121 | (28) |
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123 | (2) |
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125 | (4) |
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Case Study 6.1 MRSA Surveillance at University Hospital |
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127 | (2) |
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Outcomes of Care--Complication Rates |
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129 | (3) |
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132 | (1) |
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Avoidable Hospitalizations |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (4) |
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Case Study 6.2 Inpatient Quality of Care Indicators for Bluegrass Hospital |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (5) |
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143 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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144 | (2) |
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146 | (3) |
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Chapter 7 Mortality and Risk Adjustment |
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149 | (26) |
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Measuring Mortality with Rates |
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152 | (1) |
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Comparing Mortality Across Time, Place, and Person |
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153 | (5) |
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Standardization of Mortality Rates |
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158 | (5) |
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Case Study 7.1 Age and Sex Adjustment in Two Managed Care Organizations |
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161 | (2) |
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Risk-Adjusted Mortality Rates |
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163 | (5) |
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168 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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169 | (2) |
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171 | (4) |
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Part II Epidemiology and Financial Management |
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175 | (56) |
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Chapter 8 Epidemiology and Healthcare Financial Management |
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177 | (30) |
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The Traditional Disease-Based Approach to Medical Care |
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178 | (1) |
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Moving Toward a Proactive Healthcare System |
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179 | (1) |
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Building a True Health System: Patient-Centered Care and the Triple Aim |
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180 | (1) |
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Population Health and the Social Determinants of Health |
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180 | (1) |
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The Role of Epidemiology in Policies and Programs |
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181 | (1) |
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Pay for Performance (P4P) |
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182 | (6) |
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Case Study 8.1 HACRP Penalties |
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184 | (4) |
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Other Healthcare Delivery and Payment Innovations |
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188 | (2) |
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Shared Versus Full Risk Models |
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190 | (1) |
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Other Major Healthcare Delivery System Changes |
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191 | (4) |
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Case Study 8.2 Variation in Health Insurance Exchange Premiums |
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192 | (3) |
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Monitoring Population Health Needs |
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195 | (1) |
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Measuring Quality and Outcomes |
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196 | (4) |
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200 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (5) |
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Chapter 9 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis |
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207 | (24) |
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Cost-Effectiveness Ratios |
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208 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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Quality-Adjusted Life Years |
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211 | (3) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (4) |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (2) |
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222 | (5) |
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Case Study 9.1 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Bariatric Surgery |
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223 | (4) |
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227 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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227 | (2) |
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229 | (2) |
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Part III Evidence-Based Management and Medicine |
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231 | (162) |
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Chapter 10 Case-Control Studies |
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235 | (22) |
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History of Case-Control Studies |
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235 | (3) |
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Selection of Cases and Controls |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (1) |
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Relative Risk in a Case-Control Study |
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241 | (7) |
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Case Study 10.1 Diabetes and the Risk of Community-Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia |
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245 | (3) |
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248 | (1) |
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Case-Control Study Advantages and Disadvantages |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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251 | (2) |
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253 | (4) |
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Chapter 11 Cohort Studies |
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257 | (26) |
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259 | (2) |
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Selection of Cohort Participants |
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261 | (2) |
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Defining Exposures in Cohort Studies |
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263 | (3) |
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Identifying and Classifying Outcomes in Cohort Studies |
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266 | (1) |
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Measuring Outcomes in Cohort Studies |
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267 | (2) |
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269 | (1) |
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Measures of Disease Burden |
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270 | (5) |
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Case Study 11.1 Smoking, Heart Disease, and Lung Cancer |
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272 | (3) |
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275 | (1) |
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Cohort Studies |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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278 | (2) |
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280 | (3) |
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Chapter 12 Randomized Clinical Trials |
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283 | (26) |
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284 | (2) |
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Crossover and Stepped Wedge Designs |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (5) |
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Case Study 12.1 Vitamin E and n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids After Myocardial Infarction |
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289 | (3) |
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Cluster Randomized Trials |
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292 | (2) |
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294 | (4) |
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298 | (2) |
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300 | (1) |
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301 | (2) |
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303 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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303 | (3) |
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306 | (3) |
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Chapter 13 Confounding, Effect Modification, and Bias |
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309 | (18) |
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309 | (2) |
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311 | (2) |
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313 | (10) |
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Case Study 13.1 Coffee and Pancreatic Cancer |
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313 | (6) |
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Case Study 13.2 Smoking and Low Birth Weight Newborns |
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319 | (4) |
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323 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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324 | (1) |
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325 | (2) |
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Chapter 14 Clinical Epidemiology and Decision Making |
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327 | (40) |
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Experience and Tradition in Medical Practice |
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328 | (1) |
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The Evidence Base of Clinical Practice |
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329 | (2) |
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331 | (3) |
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334 | (1) |
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Clinical-Encounter Vignette Part I: Making a Diagnosis for a Patient Presenting with Chest Pain |
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335 | (4) |
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Clinical-Encounter Vignette Part II: Treatment Options for a Patient Diagnosed with GERD and Hypertension |
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339 | (2) |
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341 | (2) |
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Clinical-Encounter Vignette Part III: Prevention and Control Strategies |
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343 | (3) |
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Cost-Effectiveness and Number Needed to Treat |
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346 | (1) |
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Clinical-Encounter Vignette Part IV: Family History and Number Needed to Treat |
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347 | (1) |
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348 | (12) |
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Case Study 14.1 Clinical Decision-Making Toolbox |
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352 | (8) |
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360 | (1) |
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End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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360 | (2) |
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362 | (5) |
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Chapter 15 Epidemiology and Leadership |
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367 | (26) |
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Definitions and Distinctions |
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368 | (1) |
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The Role of Epidemiology in Defining Leadership |
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369 | (2) |
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Epidemiology and the Science and Art of Leadership |
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371 | (2) |
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Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Management, and Public Health |
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373 | (4) |
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377 | (3) |
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Systems Thinking and Public Health Leadership |
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380 | (2) |
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Complex Adaptive Systems and Public Health Leadership |
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382 | (3) |
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385 | (1) |
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Summary Case Study: Back to the Future |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (6) |
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393 | (132) |
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A Clostridium difficile Outbreak |
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395 | (8) |
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403 | (6) |
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C Colorectal Cancer Screening |
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409 | (10) |
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D Needs Assessment for Stroke Services |
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419 | (8) |
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E Quality of Care in Six Boston Hospitals |
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427 | (14) |
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F A Comparison of Mortality Rates Using Standardization |
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441 | (10) |
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G Risk Factors and Capitation Rates |
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451 | (12) |
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H Cost-Effectiveness of Type 2 Diabetes |
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463 | (8) |
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I Sleep Duration and Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study |
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471 | (4) |
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J Obesity and Endometrial Cancer: Case-Control and Prospective Cohort Studies |
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475 | (6) |
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K Vitamin E, Selenium, and Prostate Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
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481 | (6) |
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L Abortion and Breast Cancer: Confounding, Bias, and Effect Modification |
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487 | (10) |
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M Clinical Decision Making: Acute Appendicitis in Children |
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497 | (6) |
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N Nurse Staffing and Quality of Care |
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503 | (10) |
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O Using Leadership and Managerial Epidemiology to Lead a Hospital Through Crisis |
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513 | (12) |
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519 | (6) |
Glossary |
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525 | (12) |
Appendix 1 Answers for End-of-Chapter Case Exercises |
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537 | (16) |
Appendix 2 Important Formulas |
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553 | (4) |
Index |
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557 | (52) |
About the Contributors |
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609 | (4) |
About the Editor |
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613 | |