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Mathematical Circle Diaries, Year 2: Complete Curriculum for Grades 6 to 8 [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 351 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 653 g
  • Sari: MSRI Mathematical Circles Library
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Aug-2018
  • Kirjastus: American Mathematical Society
  • ISBN-10: 147043718X
  • ISBN-13: 9781470437183
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 351 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 653 g
  • Sari: MSRI Mathematical Circles Library
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Aug-2018
  • Kirjastus: American Mathematical Society
  • ISBN-10: 147043718X
  • ISBN-13: 9781470437183
Teised raamatud teemal:
Mathematical circles, with their question-driven approach and emphasis on problem solving, expose students to the type of mathematics that stimulates the development of logical thinking, creativity, analytical abilities, and mathematical reasoning. These skills, while scarcely introduced at school, are in high demand in the modern world.

This book, a sequel to Mathematical Circle Diaries, Year 1, teaches how to think and solve problems in mathematics. The material, distributed among twenty-nine weekly lessons, includes detailed lectures and discussions, sets of problems with solutions, and contests and games. In addition, the book shares some of the know-how of running a mathematical circle. The book covers a broad range of problem-solving strategies and proofing techniques, as well as some more advanced topics that go beyond the limits of a school curriculum. The topics include invariants, proofs by contradiction, the Pigeonhole principle, proofs by coloring, double counting, combinatorics, binary numbers, graph theory, divisibility and remainders, logic, and many others. When students take science and computing classes in high school and college, they will be better prepared for both the foundations and advanced material. The book contains everything that is needed to run a successful mathematical circle for a full year.

This book, written by an author actively involved in teaching mathematical circles for fifteen years, is intended for teachers, math coaches, parents, and math enthusiasts who are interested in teaching math that promotes critical thinking. Motivated students can work through this book on their own.

In the interest of fostering a greater awareness and appreciation of mathematics and its connections to other disciplines and everyday life, MSRI and the AMS are publishing books in the Mathematical Circles Library series as a service to young people, their parents and teachers, and the mathematics profession.
Acknowledgments xiii
Preliminaries 1(4)
Mathematical Circles
1(1)
A Few Words about This Book
2(1)
Potential Students
3(1)
Curriculum
3(2)
Part 1: Session Plans 5(226)
Introduction
7(2)
Lessons and Problem Sets
7(2)
Session 1 Checkerboard Problems
9(10)
1.1 Introduction
9(1)
1.2 Math Warm-up
10(1)
1.3 Discussion of the Day: Checkerboard Problems
10(4)
1.4 In-Class Problem Set
14(1)
1.5 A Few Words about Problem Sets
15(1)
1.6 Take-Home Problem Set
15(2)
1.7 Additional "Checkerboard" Problems
17(2)
Session 2 Review: Math Logic and Other Problem-Solving
Strategies
19(1)
2.1 Math Warm-up
19(1)
2.2 Discussion of the Day: Problem-Solving Strategies
20(3)
2.3 Take-Home Problem Set
23(2)
Session 3 Invariants
25(8)
3.1 Warm-up Discussion. Are Proofs Really Necessary?
25(3)
3.2 Discussion of the Day: Invariants
28(4)
3.3 Take-Home Problem Set
32(1)
Session 4 Proof by Contradiction
33(6)
4.1 Math Warm-up
33(1)
4.2 Discussion of the Day: Proof by Contradiction
33(4)
4.3 Take-Home Problem Set
37(2)
Session 5 Decimal Number System and Problems on Digits
39(8)
5.1 Warm-up Discussion. Egyptian Number System
39(2)
5.2 Discussion of the Day: Problems on Digits
41(4)
5.3 In-Class Problem Set
45(1)
5.4 Take-Home Problem Set
45(1)
5.5 Additional Problems
46(1)
Session 6 Binary Numbers I
47(12)
6.1 Math Warm-up
47(1)
6.2 Discussion of the Day: Binary Land-an Informal Introduction to Binaries
48(3)
6.3 Binary Number System
51(2)
6.4 Binary Notation
53(1)
6.5 Computers and Binary Numbers
53(2)
6.6 Take-Home Problem Set
55(4)
Session 7 Binary Numbers II
59(8)
7.1 Math Warm-up
59(1)
7.2 Discussion of the Day: Binary Arithmetic
60(1)
7.3 How to Convert Decimals to Binary
61(4)
7.4 Take-Home Problem Set
65(2)
Session 8 Mathematical Dominoes Tournament
67(14)
8.1 Math Warm-up
68(1)
8.2 Rules of Mathematical Dominoes
68(1)
8.3 Mathematical Dominoes Problems
69(9)
8.4 Take-Home Problem Set
78(3)
Session 9 Pigeonhole Principle
81(8)
9.1 Math Warm-up
81(1)
9.2 Discussion of the Day: Pigeonhole Principle
81(4)
9.3 Take-Home Problem Set
85(2)
9.4 Additional Problems
87(2)
Session 10 Geometric Pigeonhole Principle
89(6)
10.1 Math Warm-up
89(1)
10.2 Discussion of the Day: Geometric Pigeonhole
89(3)
10.3 Take-Home Problem Set
92(1)
10.4 Additional Problems
93(2)
Session 11 Mathematical Olympiad I
95(4)
11.1 Event of the Day: Mathematical Olympiad
95(1)
11.2 Mathematical Olympiad I. First Set of Problems
96(1)
11.3 Mathematical Olympiad I. Second Set of Problems
97(1)
11.4 Mathematical Olympiad I. Additional Problems
97(2)
Session 12 Combinatorics I. Review
99(10)
12.1 Math Warm-up
99(1)
12.2 Discussion of the Day: Review of Combinatorics Techniques
100(5)
12.3 In-Class Problem Set
105(1)
12.4 Take-Home Problem Set
106(1)
12.5 Additional Problems
107(2)
Session 13 Combinatorics II. Combinations
109(8)
13.1 Math Warm-up
109(1)
13.2 Discussion of the Day: Combinations
110(4)
13.3 Take-Home Problem Set
114(3)
Session 14 Mathematical Auction
117(4)
14.1 Math Warm-up
118(1)
14.2 Event of the Day: Mathematical Auction Game
118(1)
14.3 Mathematical Auction Problems
119(1)
14.4 Take-Home Problem Set
120(1)
Session 15 Combinatorics III. Complements. Snake Pit Game
121(8)
15.1 Math Warm-up
121(1)
15.2 Discussion of the Day: Complements
122(2)
15.3 Activity of the Day: Snake Pit on Combinatorics
124(2)
15.4 Take-Home Problem Set
126(3)
Session 16 Combinatorics IV. Combinatorial Conundrum
129(10)
16.1 Math Warm-up
129(1)
16.2 Discussion of the Day: Combinatorial Craftiness
130(5)
16.3 Take-Home Problem Set
135(1)
16.4 Additional Problems
136(3)
Session 17 Magic Squares and Related Problems
139(8)
17.1 Math Warm-up
139(1)
17.2 Discussion of the Day: Magic Squares from 1 to 9
140(3)
17.3 More on 3 x 3 Magic Squares
143(1)
17.4 Magic Squares Extended
144(1)
17.5 Take-Home Problem Set
144(3)
Session 18 Double Counting, or There Is More than One Way to Cut a Cake
147(10)
18.1 Math Warm-up
147(1)
18.2 Discussion of the Day: Double Counting
148(4)
18.3 Take-Home Problem Set
152(1)
18.4 Additional Problems
153(4)
Session 19 Mathematical Olympiad II
157(4)
19.1 Event of the Day: Mathematical Olympiad
157(1)
19.2 Mathematical Olympiad II. First Set of Problems
157(1)
19.3 Mathematical Olympiad II. Second Set of Problems
158(1)
19.4 Mathematical Olympiad II. Additional Problems
159(2)
Session 20 Divisibility I. Review
161(10)
20.1 Math Warm-up
161(1)
20.2 Discussion of the Day: Divisibility
162(6)
20.3 Prime Factorization Practice. Set
168(1)
20.4 Prime Factorization Practice. Set 2
168(1)
20.5 Take-Home Problem Set
169(1)
20.6 Additional Problems
170(1)
Session 21 Divisibility II. Relatively Prime Numbers; GCF and LCM
171(10)
21.1 Math Warm-up: Mysteries of Prime Numbers
171(2)
21.2 Discussion of the Day: Relatively Prime Numbers
173(1)
21.3 Greatest Common Factor (GCF)
174(1)
21.4 Least Common Multiple (LCM)
175(2)
21.5 How GCF and LCM Are Related
177(1)
21.6 GCF and LCM. In-Class Practice Problems
177(2)
21.7 Take-Home Problem Set
179(1)
21.8 Additional Problems
180(1)
Session 22 Divisibility III. Mathematical Race Game
181(4)
22.1 Math Warm-up
182(1)
22.2 Event of the Day: Mathematical Race
182(1)
22.3 Take-Home Problem Set
183(2)
Session 23 Mathematical Auction
185(4)
23.1 Event of the Day: Mathematical Auction Game
185(1)
23.2 Mathematical Auction Problems
186(1)
23.3 Take-Home Problem Set
187(2)
Session 24 Divisibility IV. Divisibility by 3 and Remainders
189(10)
24.1 Math Warm-up
189(1)
24.2 Discussion of the Day: Remainders When Divided by 3
189(1)
24.3 Arithmetic of Remainders
190(6)
24.4 Take-Home Problem Set
196(1)
24.5 Additional Problems
197(2)
Session 25 Divisibility V. Divisibility and Remainders
199(8)
25.1 Math Warm-up
199(1)
25.2 Discussion of the Day: Divisibility and Remainders
199(5)
25.3 Divisibility and Remainders Practice
204(1)
25.4 Take-Home Problem Set
205(1)
25.5 Additional Problems
205(2)
Session 26 Graph Theory I. Graphs and Their Applications
207(6)
26.1 Math Warm-up
207(1)
26.2 Discussion of the Day: Why Graphs Are Important
208(2)
26.3 How to Calculate the Number of Edges in a Graph
210(1)
26.4 Take-Home Problem Set
211(2)
Session 27 Graph Theory II. Handshaking Theorem
213(8)
27.1 Math Warm-up
213(1)
27.2 Discussion of the Day: Odd Vertices Theorem
214(3)
27.3 In-Class Problem Set
217(1)
27.4 Take-Home Problem Set
218(1)
27.5 Additional Problems
219(2)
Session 28 Graph Theory II. Solving Problems with Graphs
221(6)
28.1 Math Warm-up
221(1)
28.2 Discussion of the Day: Graphs Potpourri
221(5)
28.3 Take-Home Problem Set
226(1)
Session 29 Mathematical Olympiad III
227(4)
29.1 Event of the Day: Mathematical Olympiad
227(1)
29.2 Mathematical Olympiad III. First Set of Problems
228(1)
29.3 Mathematical Olympiad III. Second Set of Problems
229(2)
Part 2: Mathematical Contests and Competitions 231(28)
Mathematical Contests
233(2)
Mathematical Auction
235(6)
What Is Special about Mathematical Auctions?
235(1)
Rules of Mathematical Auction
235(2)
A Sample Round
237(1)
Team Work
238(1)
Advice for a Teacher
239(1)
Examples of Mathematical Auction Problems
239(2)
Mathematical Dominoes
241(6)
Rules of Mathematical Dominoes
241(1)
Why Students Like Mathematical Dominoes
242(1)
Why Teachers Like Mathematical Dominoes
243(1)
Useful Details
243(1)
Scorecards
244(1)
Dominoes Cards: How to Make Them
244(1)
Odds and Ends
244(3)
Mathematical Snake Pit
247(2)
Rules of Snake Pit Game
247(1)
Useful Details
247(1)
Score Table
248(1)
Mathematical Race
249(2)
Rules of Mathematical Race
249(1)
Useful Details
249(1)
Score Table
249(2)
Mathematical Olympiad
251(4)
Planning for an Oral Olympiad
253(1)
Running an Olympiad
253(1)
Olympiads in This Book
254(1)
Awards and Prizes
254(1)
Short Entertaining Math Games
255(4)
Giotto and Math Giotto
255(1)
Nim
256(1)
Black Box
256(3)
Part 3: More Teaching Advice 259(10)
How to Be a Great Math Circle Teacher
261(4)
Teaching Style
261(2)
Your Target Group
263(2)
What Comes Next?
265(4)
The Farewell
267(2)
Part 4: Solutions 269(90)
Session 1 Checkerboard Problems
271(4)
Session 2 Review: Math Logic and Other Problem-Solving Strategies
275(3)
Session 3 Invariants
278(1)
Session 4 Proof by Contradiction
279(3)
Session 5 Decimal Number System and Problems on Digits
282(5)
Session 6 Binary Numbers I
287(3)
Session 7 Binary Numbers II
290(2)
Session 8 Mathematical Dominoes Tournament
292(3)
Session 9 Pigeonhole Principle
295(3)
Session 10 Geometric Pigeonhole Principle
298(3)
Session 11 Mathematical Olympiad I
301(2)
Session 12 Combinatorics I. Review
303(4)
Session 13 Combinatorics II. Combinations
307(2)
Session 14 Mathematical Auction
309(2)
Session 15 Combinatorics III. Complements. Snake Pit Game
311(4)
Session 16 Combinatorics IV. Combinatorial Conundrum
315(3)
Session 17 Magic Squares and Related Problems
318(3)
Session 18 Double Counting, or There Is More than One Way to Cut a Cake
321(5)
Session 19 Mathematical Olympiad II
326(3)
Session 20 Divisibility I. Review
329(3)
Session 21 Divisibility II. Relatively Prime Numbers; GCF and LCM
332(3)
Session 22 Divisibility Mathematical Race Game
335(3)
Session 23 Mathematical Auction
338(2)
Session 24 Divisibility IV. Divisibility by 3 and Remainders
340(3)
Session 25 Divisibility V. Divisibility and Remainders
343(4)
Session 26 Graph Theory I. Graphs and Their Applications
347(2)
Session 27 Graph Theory II. Handshaking Theorem
349(3)
Session 28 Graph Theory III. Solving Problems with Graphs
352(3)
Session 29 Mathematical Olympiad III
355(4)
Appendix to Session 6 359(2)
"Convert Decimal to Binary" Blank Table
359(2)
Bibliography 361
Anna Burago, Prime Factor Math Circle, Seattle, WA.