About the Editors |
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xvii | |
About the Contributors |
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xix | |
Preface |
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xxv | |
Introduction |
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1 | (4) |
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1 Tools for Ethical Decision Making |
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5 | (18) |
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6 | (1) |
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Codes for the Media Professions |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (13) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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Aristotle's Virtue Ethics |
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10 | (2) |
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12 | (1) |
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Utilitarianism and J. S. Mill's Principle of Utility |
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13 | (3) |
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Ross' Prima Facie and Actual Duties |
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16 | (1) |
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John Rawls' Veil of Ignorance |
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17 | (1) |
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Sissela Bok's Test of Publicity |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (3) |
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2 The Morally Developed Media Professional |
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23 | (10) |
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Moral Development in Theory |
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24 | (3) |
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Who's Who in Moral Development Theory |
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24 | (1) |
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The Early Stage of Moral Development |
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25 | (1) |
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The Conventional Stage of Moral Development |
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25 | (1) |
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The Later Stage of Moral Development |
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26 | (1) |
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Moral Development in Practice |
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27 | (6) |
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One Young Reporter's Wake-Up Call |
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27 | (1) |
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The Moral Development Perspective |
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28 | (1) |
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Becoming a Professional Journalist |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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Exercise Your Own Moral Development |
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31 | (2) |
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3 Confronting Others' Violations: The Case of the Manipulated Photo |
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33 | (10) |
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The Situation: "It was a perfect shot, except..." |
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33 | (2) |
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Tool For Thought The Potter Box |
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35 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Speak Up or Stay Silent? |
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36 | (1) |
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The Response: Seeking Counsel |
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36 | (1) |
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Tool For Action Nppa Ethics Code |
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37 | (2) |
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The Aftermath: Professional Standards Defended |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (2) |
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Topics: Photo Manipulation, Responsibility for Others' Behavior, Upholding Professional Versus Individual Standards |
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4 Focus Group Dilemma: The Case of the Compromised Tagline |
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43 | (12) |
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The Situation: Rebranding a Nonprofit |
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43 | (1) |
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The Challenge: The Boss Is Manipulating the Campaign |
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44 | (1) |
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The Response: Silence Becomes Dread |
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45 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Two Codes of Marketing Research Standards |
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46 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Learning How to Speak Up |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (2) |
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51 | (4) |
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Topics: Accountability in Market Research, Dealing With Others' Unethical Behavior, Working With Consultants, Seeing the Bigger Picture |
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5 OMG! This Band Is SOOO GR8! The Case of the Phony Teenager |
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55 | (12) |
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The Situation: "You Want Me To Do What?" |
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55 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Serving the Client While Staying Honest |
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56 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought The Potter Box and the Navran Model |
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57 | (1) |
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The Response: Refusing to Lie |
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58 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Honor Upheld, Business Lost |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (5) |
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Topics: Online Deception, Social Media, Protecting the Vulnerable, Standing Up for One's Beliefs |
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First-Person Ethics: How Good PR Can Follow Bad Reporting |
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64 | (3) |
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6 Solo Judgment Calls: The Case of the One-Person "TV Crew" |
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67 | (10) |
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The Situation: A Tornado and Its Aftermath |
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68 | (1) |
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The Challenge: To Recreate or Not to Recreate |
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69 | (1) |
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Tool For Action Using File Footage and VNRs |
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69 | (1) |
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The Response: Reality, With a Tweak |
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70 | (2) |
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The Aftermath: More Stories, More Lessons |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Guidelines for Ethical Video and Audio Editing |
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74 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (2) |
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Topics: Recreating Moments, Manipulating a Shot, Using Video Handout Material, Developing/Maintaining Standards When Working Alone |
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7 Real Estate Boasting: The Case of the False Figures |
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77 | (10) |
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The Situation: New Job, New Standards |
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77 | (1) |
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Tool For Action Researching a Company |
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78 | (1) |
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The Challenge: A Corporate Culture of Fudging the Numbers |
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79 | (2) |
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Tool For Thought Appiah on Cross-Cultural Ethics |
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81 | (1) |
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The Response: Time to Take a Stand |
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82 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Honesty Leads to Unemployment...and a Happy Ending |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (2) |
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Topics: Accuracy in PR, Corporate Culture Versus Individual and Professional Principles |
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8 The Importance of Fact-Checking: The Case of the Self-Plagiarist |
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87 | (12) |
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The Situation: Problems With a Freelancer's Story |
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87 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Responding to Misrepresentation |
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88 | (1) |
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Tool For Action Tips for Avoiding Plagiarism |
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89 | (1) |
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The Response: Terminating the Relationship |
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90 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Changes to the Freelance Process |
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91 | (1) |
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Tool For Thougth The Ethics of Duty |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (4) |
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Topics: Freelance Ethics, Transparency, Communicating With Stakeholders |
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First-Person Ethics: The Thin Line Between Reporting and Commentary |
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97 | (2) |
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9 Seeking Answers for Students: The Case of the Undercover Reporter |
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99 | (12) |
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The Situation: Inconsistent Rules on Transfer Credit |
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99 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Gathering Information From Difficult Sources |
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100 | (1) |
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Tool For Action Rules of Engagement for Deception |
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101 | (1) |
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The Response: Pretending to Be Someone Else |
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101 | (2) |
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Tool For Thought J. S. Mill and Avoiding Rationalization |
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103 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Publication and Policy Changes |
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104 | (2) |
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106 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (4) |
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Topics: Deception, Transparency About Process, Balancing Ends and Means |
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First-Person Ethics: FOIA as an Ethical Tool for Student Media |
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109 | (2) |
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10 Free Speech, Official Pressure: The Case of the Visiting Foreign Student |
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111 | (14) |
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The Situation: "American Culture, With a Minnesotan Twist" |
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111 | (1) |
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The Challenge: "Bold Statements, Straightforward Views" |
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112 | (2) |
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The Response: Story's Up, But Government Wants It Down |
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114 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought SPJ Code of Ethics |
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115 | (2) |
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The Aftermath: "No Longer Written in Stone" |
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117 | (3) |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (4) |
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Topics: Cross-Cultural Sensitivity, Protecting the Vulnerable, Dealing With Government Officials, Unpublishing Under Threat |
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11 Sins of Omission: The Case of the Not-So-Free Pet Party |
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125 | (10) |
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The Situation: Come to Our First Annual Barking Barbecue! |
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125 | (2) |
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The Challenge: Follow Orders or Serve the Truth? |
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127 | (1) |
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The Response: Reality Meets Promotion |
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128 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Provisions of Conduct in the PRSA Ethics Code |
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129 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Communication Is a Management Function |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (2) |
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133 | (2) |
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Topics: Honest Advertising, Loyalty to Clients, Dealing With Boss's Misdeeds |
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12 Desensitized to Violence: The Case of the Newsroom Reality Check |
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135 | (12) |
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The Situation: Violence in a Campus Community |
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135 | (1) |
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The Challenge: News, or Just Another Night at the Fights? |
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136 | (2) |
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Tool For Thought W. D. Ross and the Importance of Journalistic Duties |
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138 | (1) |
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The Response: The Community Objects; the Paper Explains |
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139 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Staying Focused on Crime and Context |
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140 | (2) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (3) |
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Topics: Rethinking News Judgments, Considering Community Standards, Following Through |
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13 Sensitivity and Professionalism: The Case of the Perils of Facebook |
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147 | (14) |
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The Situation: "The campus has lost one of our own" |
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147 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Reporting From Facebook |
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148 | (3) |
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Tool For Action Reporters' Tips on Using Social Networks |
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151 | (1) |
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The Response: Dealing With Criticism |
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151 | (3) |
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The Aftermath: Job Well Done |
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154 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Sissela Bok's Test of Publicity |
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154 | (2) |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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Topics: Verification, Fairness, Sensitivity to the Vulnerable, Responding to Criticism, Using Digital Tools |
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First-Person Ethics: Cautions for Journalists Who Tweet |
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159 | (2) |
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14 Please Don't Use the Video: The Case of the Fatal Accident |
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161 | (8) |
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The Situation: A Soldier, a Girl, Alcohol and a Red Light |
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161 | (1) |
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The Challenge: "Can you please not use the video?" |
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162 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Telling Truth Versus Doing Harm |
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163 | (1) |
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The Response: Run the Whole Thing |
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164 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: No Second Thoughts |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (2) |
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168 | (1) |
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Topics: Minimizing Harm, Sensitivity to Stakeholders, Responding to Competition |
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15 Source Remorse: The Case of the Requests to "Unpublish" |
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169 | (20) |
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The Situation: "I'm afraid my employer will google my name and see your story" |
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169 | (3) |
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The Challenge: Small Paper, Big Audience |
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172 | (2) |
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The Response: Trying to Dodge the Search Engines |
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174 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Clifford G. Christain on Privacy and Morality |
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175 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: More Requests, New Standards |
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176 | (1) |
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Tool For Action Questions to Guide "Unpublishing" Decisions |
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177 | (5) |
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182 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (5) |
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Topics: Privacy, Altering Web Archives, Balancing Truth With Harm |
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First-Person Ethics: To Remove or Not to Remove: The YouTube Question |
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186 | (3) |
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16 Hard Questions, Big Backlash: The Case of the Train Track Death |
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189 | (16) |
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The Situation: Someone's Been Hit by a Train |
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189 | (1) |
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The Challenge: How Much Should the Photos Show? |
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190 | (3) |
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The Response: Campus Outcry, Staff Remorse |
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193 | (1) |
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Tool For Action Tips for Covering Suicide |
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194 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: More Criticism, New Policies |
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195 | (2) |
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Tool For Thought Aristotle's Docttrine of the Mean |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (5) |
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Topics: Assumptions, Sensationalism, Fact-Checking, Responding to Family and Official Pressure |
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First-Person Ethics: I Fought the Dean, and the Dean Lost |
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202 | (3) |
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17 Contacting the Family of a Killer: The Case of the Sensitive Reporter |
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205 | (10) |
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The Situation: Death at a Downtown Mall |
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205 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Maintaining Standards on a Stakeout |
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206 | (1) |
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The Response: First, Be Human |
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207 | (2) |
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Tool For Thought Immanuel Kant's Humanity Principle |
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209 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Principles Uncompromised |
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209 | (2) |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (2) |
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Topics: Pack Journalism, Individual Standards, Sensitivity to People in Crisis, Becoming Part of the Story |
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18 Friend of the Victim: The Case of the Murdered Student |
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215 | (10) |
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The Situation: Student Body President Found Murdered |
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215 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Handling Emotion, Getting It Right |
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216 | (1) |
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The Response: "I stood my ground" |
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217 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought The Philosophies of William Ross and Sissela Bok |
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218 | (2) |
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The Aftermath: Reflecting on Dual Roles |
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220 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (2) |
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Topics: Balancing Multiple Roles, Reporting on a Friend, Anonymous Sources, Intrusion in Audio Reporting |
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19 Journalists' Judgments Versus Audience Clicks: The Case of Web Analytics' Influence |
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225 | (14) |
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The Situation: When Is a Big Story Not a Top Story? |
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225 | (4) |
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The Challenge: Who Decides What's News? |
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229 | (2) |
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The Response: "A missed opportunity" |
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231 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought W. D. Ross and Choosing Between Competing Duties |
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231 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: More Analytics, More Options and Questions |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (4) |
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Topics: Technology Versus Tradition, Incorporating Community Views, News Judgment |
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First-Person Ethics: Managing the Ethics of Online Local News |
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237 | (2) |
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20 Losing Balance: The Case of the Anchor Blogger |
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239 | (12) |
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The Situation: An Anchor Speaks Out on Gun Control |
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239 | (2) |
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The Challenge: Balancing a Controversial Topic |
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241 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Kovach and Rosenstiel's Journalism of Verification |
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242 | (1) |
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The Response: Sometimes You Have to Give In |
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243 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Choose Your Battles |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (2) |
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247 | (4) |
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Topics: Journalists' Freedom of Speech, Story Balance, Conflict of Interest, Speaking Up |
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First-Person Ethics: Bloggers, Declare Your Standards |
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248 | (3) |
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21 Are Public Officials Always on the Record? The Case of the Councilor's Blog |
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251 | (10) |
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The Situation: A City Councilor Speaks Out |
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251 | (2) |
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Tool For Action Tips for Using Blog Posts in News Coverage |
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253 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Are Blog Posts Newsworthy Quotes? |
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253 | (2) |
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The Response: Run It and Wonder |
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255 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Day's SAD Decision-Making Model |
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256 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Blogs Go Mainstream |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (2) |
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Topics: Public Versus Private Speech, Verifying Online Information, Changing Standards |
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22 On the Record or Off? The Case of the Cranky Professor |
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261 | (14) |
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The Situation: Late Professor, Angry Students |
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261 | (2) |
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The Challenge: "I retract all my comments" |
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263 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Combining Codes and Theory |
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264 | (1) |
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The Response: Weigh the Options and Choose |
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265 | (3) |
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The Aftermath: Institutional and Individual Impact |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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270 | (5) |
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Topics: Community Understanding of Rules, News Judgment, Standing Up to Threats |
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First-Person Ethics: Why Not Show a Source Your Story? |
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272 | (3) |
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23 No PR Picnic: The Case of the Disengaged Alumni |
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275 | (8) |
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The Situation: Taking Over After a Communications Breakdown |
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275 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Aristotle on Becoming an Ethical Person |
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276 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Rebuilding Bridges With Volunteers |
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277 | (1) |
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The Response: Balance, Freeze and Further Develop |
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278 | (2) |
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Tool For Thought Alumni Association Codes of Ethics |
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280 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Growth Follows Damage Control |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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282 | (1) |
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282 | (1) |
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Topics: Open Communication, Seeing Others' Viewpoints, Balancing Competing Goals and Loyalties |
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24 Come Up to My Apartment: The Case of the Client With a Hidden Agenda |
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283 | (8) |
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The Situation: A New Appeal to a Tough Advertising Client |
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283 | (1) |
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The Challenge: Come Enjoy the Bar |
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284 | (1) |
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The Response: One Questionable Invitation Leads to Another |
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284 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Aristotle and Professional Character Building |
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285 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Learning to See the Minefields |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (1) |
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Tool For Thought Dealing with Sexual Harassment or Sexism at Work |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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289 | (2) |
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Topics: Perseverance, Selling Advertising Without Compromising Principles, Responding to Unethical Client |
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25 Along Came a Better Offer: Two Cases of Job Hunting Ethics |
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291 | (12) |
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The Situation: "I got the job, but..." |
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291 | (2) |
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The Challenge: Dealing With Second Thoughts |
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293 | (2) |
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Tool For Thought The Millennial Generation |
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295 | (1) |
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The Response: Making a Quick Switch |
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296 | (2) |
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Tool For Thought The Benjamin Franklin Balance Sheet |
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298 | (1) |
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The Aftermath: Two Approaches, Two Results |
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298 | (2) |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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301 | (2) |
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Topics: Patience, Transparency About What You're Doing, Job Search Honesty |
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Appendix: Links to Ethics Codes |
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303 | (2) |
Index |
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305 | |