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Modeling and Dynamic Behaviour of Hydropower Plants [Kõva köide]

Edited by (Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain), Edited by (Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, India)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 280 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm
  • Sari: Energy Engineering
  • Ilmumisaeg: 08-Mar-2017
  • Kirjastus: Institution of Engineering and Technology
  • ISBN-10: 178561195X
  • ISBN-13: 9781785611957
Teised raamatud teemal:
Modeling and Dynamic Behaviour of Hydropower PlantsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 280 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm
  • Sari: Energy Engineering
  • Ilmumisaeg: 08-Mar-2017
  • Kirjastus: Institution of Engineering and Technology
  • ISBN-10: 178561195X
  • ISBN-13: 9781785611957
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781785611957.html
Märksõnad:
Hydropower is a mature and cost-competitive renewable energy source, contributing the bulk of global renewable electricity. Over the past decades, computer technology has led to significant possible improvements in monitoring, diagnostics, protection and control through retrofitting of large plants, and there is potential for additional large plants as well as for smaller installations.



This book presents a systematic approach to mathematical modeling of different configurations of hydropower plants over four sections - modeling and simulation approaches; control of hydropower plants; operation and scheduling of hydropower plants, including pumped storage; and special features of small hydropower plants. The chapters address the fundamentals and the latest concepts, providing the most appropriate solutions for cost-effective and reliable operation, and include several real-world case studies of hydropower plants in operation.



Modeling and Dynamic Behaviour of Hydropower Plants is essential reading for researchers involved with hydropower, as well as for advanced students in power engineering.
Contributors' biographies xi
Part I: Modeling and simulation of hydropower plants 1(102)
1 Analysis and modeling of run-off-type hydropower plant
3(16)
Roshan Chhetri
Karchung
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 Measurements
4(4)
1.2.1 Transducers
5(1)
1.2.2 Signal conditioning
5(1)
1.2.3 DAQ hardware
6(1)
1.2.4 LabVIEW
7(1)
1.3 Modeling of the plant
8(3)
1.4 Governor system
11(1)
1.5 Excitation system
11(2)
1.6 Model validation/simulations
13(5)
1.7 Conclusion
18(1)
Bibliography
18(1)
2 Time-domain modeling and a case study on regulation and operation of hydropower plants
19(30)
Weijia Yang
Jiandong Yang
Wencheng Guo
Per Norrlund
Nomenclature
19(2)
2.1 Introduction
21(1)
2.2 Numerical model of hydropower plants
22(9)
2.2.1 Piping system
22(5)
2.2.2 Hydropower unit with Francis turbine
27(4)
2.2.3 Features of the model
31(1)
2.3 Practical engineering case
31(1)
2.4 Case study of various dynamic processes of hydropower plant
32(14)
2.4.1 Start-up and no-load operation
33(2)
2.4.2 Grid-connected operation
35(5)
2.4.3 Isolated operation
40(3)
2.4.4 Emergency stop and load rejection
43(3)
2.5 Conclusions
46(1)
Acknowledgments
46(1)
References
46(3)
3 Reduced order models for grid connected hydropower plants
49(30)
Gerard Robert
Frederic Michaud
3.1 Introduction
49(1)
3.2 Hydropower plant model
50(11)
3.2.1 Penstock and tunnel models
51(1)
3.2.2 Surge tank model
52(1)
3.2.3 Turbine model in a water column
53(3)
3.2.4 Hydraulic circuit model
56(3)
3.2.5 Mechanical model of the generating unit
59(2)
3.2.6 Hydro-mechanical model of the power plant
61(1)
3.3 Synchronous power system models
61(6)
3.3.1 General model
62(2)
3.3.2 Model for an interconnected grid
64(2)
3.3.3 Model for an isolated grid
66(1)
3.4 Complete state-space model for a hydro plant connected to a grid
67(2)
3.4.1 General model
67(1)
3.4.2 Interconnected operation
68(1)
3.4.3 Isolated operation
69(1)
3.5 Analysis of the dynamic behaviour
69(8)
3.5.1 Decomposition of slow and fast dynamics
70(4)
3.5.2 Performance limitation for primary frequency control: capability criteria
74(3)
References
77(2)
4 Modeling and stability analysis of turbine governing system of hydropower plant
79(24)
Wencheng Guo
Jiandong Yang
Weijia Yang
4.1 Introduction
79(1)
4.2 Modeling of turbine governing system
80(6)
4.2.1 Hydraulic submodel
82(2)
4.2.2 Mechanic submodel
84(2)
4.2.3 Electricity submodel
86(1)
4.3 Stability analysis of turbine governing system
86(14)
4.3.1 Basic knowledge of stability of dynamic system
86(5)
4.3.2 Stability analysis of turbine governing system without surge tank
91(3)
4.3.3 Stability analysis of turbine governing system with surge tank
94(4)
4.3.4 Critical stable sectional area of surge tank
98(2)
4.4 Conclusions
100(1)
Acknowledgments
100(1)
References
100(3)
Part II: Control of hydropower plants 103(44)
5 Dynamic simulation issues for hydropower generation control
105(26)
Joel Nicolas
Gerard Robert
5.1 Introduction
105(1)
5.2 Grid codes requirements for frequency control and balancing: example of the European network
106(6)
5.2.1 General overview
106(1)
5.2.2 The European institutional context
106(1)
5.2.3 Brief presentation of the European interconnected network ENTSO-E
107(2)
5.2.4 The development of European network codes
109(1)
5.2.5 Focus on some European requirements for frequency control
110(2)
5.3 Application to the design and tuning of turbine governing systems: the French EDF experience
112(15)
5.3.1 Frequency control and turbine governing systems specifications
114(5)
5.3.2 Simulation numerical studies: general issues
119(1)
5.3.3 Preliminary simulation numerical studies: principles
119(1)
5.3.4 Preliminary simulation numerical studies: results for some HPP cases
120(3)
5.3.5 Application for modernised turbine governing systems with manufacturer's simulations and performance field tests
123(4)
5.4 Conclusion
127(1)
References
127(4)
6 Methods of signal analysis for vibration control at hydropower plants
131(16)
Olga Shindor
Anna Svirina
6.1 Introduction
131(2)
6.2 Hydro units vibration control methodology: implementation of wavelet transform
133(3)
6.3 Hydropower plant vibration diagnostics case study
136(8)
6.3.1 Controlling object and measurement equipment characteristics
136(1)
6.3.2 Hydraulic unit's vibration condition monitoring on the basis of diagnostics data wavelet analysis
137(7)
6.4 Conclusions
144(1)
References
144(3)
Part III: Operation, scheduling, etc. of hydropower plants (including pumped storage) 147(76)
7 Island mode operation in hydropower plant
149(12)
Roshan Chhetri
Karchung
7.1 Introduction
149(1)
7.2 Performance in island mode
150(7)
7.3 Measures to improve the island mode performance
157(1)
7.4 Conclusion
158(1)
Bibliography
158(3)
8 Hydro generation scheduling: non-linear programming and optimality conditions
161(26)
Lucas S.M. Guedes
Adriano C. Lisboa
Douglas A.G. Vieira
Pedro M. Maia
Rodney R. Saldanha
8.1 Introduction
161(3)
8.2 Hydropower generation function
164(11)
8.2.1 Physical properties of geometric functions
165(2)
8.2.2 Special cases of geometric functions
167(3)
8.2.3 Mathematical properties
170(5)
8.3 Water conservation and discharge limits
175(2)
8.3.1 Head sensitive discharge limits
176(1)
8.4 Cascade D-HGS formulation
177(1)
8.5 Global optimization approach
178(5)
8.5.1 Computational results
180(3)
8.6 Conclusions
183(1)
References
184(3)
9 A PV hydro hybrid system using residual flow of Guarita Hydro Power Plant, in southern Brazil
187(18)
Rafael Schultz
Alexandre Beluco
Roberto Petry Homrich
Ricardo C. Eifler
Abstract
187(1)
Keywords
187(1)
9.1 Introduction
188(1)
9.2 The Guarita hydroelectric power plant
188(2)
9.3 The use of residual flow of Guarita
190(1)
9.4 Components of the PV hydro hybrid system
191(2)
9.5 Simulations with HOMER
193(4)
9.6 Results and discussion
197(5)
9.7 Conclusions
202(1)
Acknowledgments
202(1)
References
202(3)
10 A PV wind hydro hybrid system with pumped storage capacity installed in Linha Sete, Aparados da Serra, southern Brazil
205(18)
Alfonso Risso
Fausto A. Canales
Alexandre Beluco
Elton G. Rossini
Abstract
205(1)
Keywords
205(1)
10.1 Introduction
206(1)
10.2 The Linha Sete pumped storage power plant
207(1)
10.3 Components of the PV wind hydro hybrid system
208(3)
10.4 Simulations with HOMER
211(1)
10.5 Results and discussion
212(7)
10.6 Final remarks
219(1)
Acknowledgments
219(1)
References
219(4)
Part IV: Small hydropower plants 223(32)
11 Modeling and simulation of a pico-hydropower off-grid network
225(30)
Sam J. Williamson
Antonio Griffo
Bernard H. Stark
Julian D. Booker
11.1 Introduction
225(1)
11.2 System overview
226(1)
11.3 Component models
227(6)
11.3.1 Turbine
228(1)
11.3.2 Shaft assembly
228(2)
11.3.3 Generator
230(1)
11.3.4 Rectifier
231(1)
11.3.5 DC-DC converter
231(1)
11.3.6 Inverter modeling
232(1)
11.3.7 Transmission line and load modeling
232(1)
11.4 Control scheme design
233(6)
11.4.1 Turbine and DC-DC converter controller design
233(1)
11.4.2 Inverter control design
233(6)
11.5 Simulation results
239(3)
11.5.1 Single generator unit with varying load
239(2)
11.5.2 Performance with non-linear load
241(1)
11.5.3 Power sharing performance
242(1)
11.5.4 Change in input power (drop in head)
242(1)
11.6 Modeling of implementation in Nepal
242(3)
11.7 Hybrid renewable off-grid network
245(4)
11.7.1 Solar PV interface modifications
246(1)
11.7.2 Wind turbine interface modifications
247(1)
11.7.3 Hybrid grid simulation
248(1)
11.8 Summary
249(1)
References
250(3)
Further reading
253(2)
Index 255
Dr. Nand Kishor is presently serving as Associate Professor at Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, India. From August 2012 to October 2013, he worked as a Marie Curie Experienced Researcher in the Electrical Engineering Department, Aalto University, Finland. Dr. Kishor has been working in the area of renewable energy systems, wide area monitoring systems, and smart grid technologies for many years, and has published several research papers in international journals and proceedings. He has been working on several externally funded projects and collaborated with researchers globally.



Jesus Fraile-Ardanuy is Associate Professor at Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Spain. He has been involved in several public research projects related to renewable energy (hydro, wind, photovoltaic and tidal power), fault diagnosis, electric vehicles and active demand side. He has collaborated with different global companies in the electric energy sector, studying the dynamic behaviour of real hydropower plants and developing advanced controllers for wind farms.