Molecular Diagnosis of Deafness: Impact of Gene Identification.- Genetic Epidemiology of Deafness Genes and Clinical Applications.- Molecular auditory function.- Clinical Benefit of Molecular Diagnosis: Precision Medicine in Deafness.- Gap junction and channel transporter-related genes.- KCNQ4, GJB2, GJB6, KCNE1, KCNQ1, SLC26A4.- Stereocilia-related genes CDH23, MYO7A, USH1C, PCDH15, USH1G, USH2A, ADGRV1, WHRN, CLRN1, MYO15A, MYO6, TMC1, STRC, ACTG1, DIAPH1, LOXHD1, PTPRQ, ESPN, MYO3A.- Neurotransmission-related genes OTOF, SLC17A8, PJVK.- Transcription factor and related genes EYA1, SIX1, PAX3, SOX10, MITF, SNAI2 CHD7, POU3F4, POU4F3, EYA4.- Cell adhesion molecule and extracellular matrix-related genes COL2A1, COL9A1, COL9A2, COL9A3, COL11A1, COL11A2, TECTA, OTOA, OTOG, OTOGL, COL4A3, COL4A4, COL4A5.- Uncategorized important deafness genes WFS1, COCH, TMPRSS3, CRYM, NOG, mitochondrial.- Cochlear Implantation from the perspective of the responsible gene.- Gene therapy and mechanism-based drugs: Toward more precise treatment based on molecular diagnosis.