This book explores the complex relationship between EU Cohesion Policy and European identity building within a multi-level governance framework. Using a social constructivist lens, it investigates how political goals like fostering a European identity are challenged by the institutional and cultural dynamics of EU policy implementation. Through detailed case studies of Wales, Crete and Silesia, the book analyses how domestic policy elites interact with EU norms, the role of learning and discourse in shaping policy outcomes, and the impact of Cohesion Policy on European identity. It will appeal to all those interested in public policy, governance, and European politics.