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xi | |
Preface |
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xv | |
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1 Availability and Risk Assessment of Nanoparticles in Living Systems: A Virtue or a Peril? |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 Sources of NPs in the Environment |
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3 | (3) |
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1.3 Global Extension and Economic Impacts of Natural and Engineered NPs |
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6 | (2) |
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1.4 Forecasting the Potential Risk Associated With NPs |
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8 | (1) |
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1.5 NP Toxicities in Microorganisms, Plants, and Humans |
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9 | (8) |
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1.6 Environmental Fate of NPs |
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17 | (3) |
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1.7 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspective |
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20 | (13) |
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20 | (9) |
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29 | (4) |
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2 Plant-Based Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Impact |
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33 | (1) |
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2.2 Plant-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles |
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34 | (4) |
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2.3 Gold Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Plants |
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38 | (4) |
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2.4 Plant-Assisted Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles |
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42 | (2) |
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2.5 Other Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Plant Sources |
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44 | (1) |
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2.6 Conclusion and Future Prospects |
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45 | (14) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (12) |
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57 | (2) |
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3 Potential of Spectroscopic Techniques in the Characterization of "Green Nanomaterials" |
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59 | (1) |
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3.2 Overview of Methods for Synthesis of Nanoparticles |
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60 | (2) |
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3.3 Source for Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials |
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62 | (1) |
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3.4 Factors Governing Synthesis of Green Nanoparticles and Their Analysis |
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63 | (3) |
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3.5 Overview of Spectroscopic Techniques Applicable to Nanoparticle Analysis |
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66 | (7) |
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73 | (6) |
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73 | (6) |
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4 DNA in Nanotechnology: Approaches and Developments |
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79 | (2) |
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4.2 Synthesis of DNA Nanostructures |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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4.4 Correction of Sequence Mismatch |
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83 | (5) |
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4.5 DNA Nanostructures in Biological Applications |
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88 | (1) |
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4.6 Drug Delivery Applications |
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89 | (2) |
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4.7 DNA Nanotechnology in Cancer |
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91 | (2) |
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4.8 Role in Solving Mathematical Problems |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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4.10 Technical Challenges |
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95 | (1) |
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4.11 Conclusion and Future Perspectives |
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95 | (8) |
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96 | (7) |
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5 Plant Response to Engineered Nanoparticles |
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103 | (1) |
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5.2 Size is Not the Only Criterion |
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104 | (1) |
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5.3 Method of Application and Entry of Nanoparticles Into Plants |
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104 | (2) |
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5.4 Biotransformation of Nanoparticles in Plants |
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106 | (1) |
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5.5 Effects of Nanoparticles |
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106 | (5) |
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5.6 Effect on Abiotic and Biotic Stress |
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111 | (1) |
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5.7 Effects of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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5.9 Practical Possibilities and the Way Forward |
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113 | (6) |
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115 | (4) |
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6 Nanoparticle-Induced Morphological Responses of Roots and Shoots of Plants |
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119 | (2) |
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6.2 Effects of Diverse Nanoparticles on Growth and Development of Plants |
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121 | (22) |
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136 | (7) |
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7 Recent Progress of Nanotoxicology in Plants |
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143 | (1) |
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7.2 Role of Nanoparticles in Agriculture |
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144 | (1) |
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7.3 Types and Characteristics of Toxic Nanoparticles |
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144 | (4) |
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7.4 Factors Affecting Phytotoxicity of Nanoparticles |
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148 | (3) |
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7.5 Phytotoxic Effects of Nanoparticles |
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151 | (2) |
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7.6 Phytotoxic Mechanism of Nanoparticles |
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153 | (6) |
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7.7 Detoxification of Nanoparticles in Plants |
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159 | (16) |
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161 | (13) |
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174 | (1) |
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8 Exploring Plant-Mediated Copper, Iron, Titanium, and Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Impacts |
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175 | (4) |
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8.2 Plant-Mediated Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Their Impact on Plants and Other Living Systems |
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179 | (2) |
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8.3 Plant-Mediated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Impact on Plants and Other Living Systems |
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181 | (1) |
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8.4 Plant-Mediated Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Impacts on Plants and Other Living Systems |
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182 | (2) |
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8.5 Exploring Plant-Mediated Copper Nanoparticles and Their Impacts on Plants and Other Living Systems |
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184 | (1) |
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8.6 Conclusion and Future Prospects |
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184 | (11) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (5) |
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190 | (5) |
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9 Gold Nanomaterials to Plants: Impact of Bioavailability, Particle Size, and Surface Coating |
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195 | (4) |
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9.2 Uptake and Translocation of Nanostructures in Plants |
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199 | (6) |
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9.3 Effect of Gold Nanostructures on Plants |
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205 | (4) |
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9.4 Toxicity Assessment of Gold Nanomaterials on Plants |
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209 | (1) |
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9.5 Conclusion and Future Prospects |
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210 | (11) |
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212 | (1) |
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212 | (6) |
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218 | (3) |
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10 Responses of Plants to Iron' Oxide Nanoparticles |
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221 | (1) |
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10.2 Composition and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles |
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222 | (1) |
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10.3 Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles |
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223 | (2) |
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10.4 Application Methods of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles |
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225 | (1) |
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10.5 Uptake, Absorbance, Transfer, and Accumulation Mechanism of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles |
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226 | (1) |
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10.6 Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Plant Growth |
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227 | (4) |
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10.7 Controversies About the Phytotoxicity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles |
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231 | (8) |
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232 | (7) |
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11 Effects of Rare Earth Oxide Nanoparticles on Plants |
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239 | (2) |
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11.2 Geological Occurrence and Sources of REONPs |
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241 | (1) |
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11.3 Characterization, Types, and Synthesis of REONPs |
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242 | (4) |
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11.4 Application of REONPs in Soil |
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246 | (2) |
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11.5 Dynamics of REONPs in Soils and Plants |
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248 | (2) |
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11.6 Effect of REONPs on Plant Growth |
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250 | (9) |
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11.7 Controversies About the Use of REONPs |
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259 | (3) |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (14) |
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264 | (10) |
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274 | (3) |
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12 Influence of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (nTiO2) on Crop Plants: A Systematic Overview |
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277 | (1) |
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12.2 Influence of nTiO2 on Plant Growth |
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278 | (13) |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (5) |
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292 | (5) |
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13 Interaction of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles With Plants: Uptake, Accumulation, and Toxicity |
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297 | (3) |
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13.2 Uptake Translocation and Accumulation |
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300 | (1) |
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13.3 Effect of CuO NPs on Plants |
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301 | (3) |
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304 | (1) |
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13.5 Tolerance Mechanism in Plants |
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304 | (1) |
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13.6 Conclusion and Future Remarks |
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305 | (6) |
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306 | (5) |
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14 Impacts of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (nCeO2) on Crop Plants: A Concentric Overview |
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311 | (1) |
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14.2 Influence of nCeO2 on Plant Growth |
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312 | (9) |
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321 | (4) |
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322 | (3) |
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15 Plant and Nanoparticle Interface at the Molecular Level: An Integrated Overview |
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325 | (1) |
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15.2 Uptake and Translocation of NPs in Plants |
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326 | (2) |
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15.3 Effects of Nanoparticles on Plants |
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328 | (2) |
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15.4 Mechanism of Phytotoxicity in Plants Generated by NPs |
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330 | (1) |
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15.5 Effect of NPs on Genomics |
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331 | (4) |
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15.6 Effect of NPs on Transcriptomics |
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335 | (1) |
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15.7 Effect of NPs on Proteomics |
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335 | (2) |
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15.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives |
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337 | (8) |
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339 | (5) |
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344 | (1) |
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16 Nanotechnology in Crop Protection |
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345 | (1) |
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16.2 Nanotechnology and Plant Growth |
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346 | (1) |
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16.3 Nanotechnology in Crop Protection |
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347 | (23) |
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16.4 Nanotechnology in Soil and Water Management |
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370 | (1) |
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16.5 Nanotechnology in Plant Breeding and Genetic Transformation |
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370 | (3) |
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16.6 Nano-Based Diagnostic Sensors |
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373 | (4) |
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16.7 Limitation of Nanomaterials |
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377 | (2) |
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379 | (14) |
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379 | (1) |
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379 | (12) |
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391 | (2) |
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17 Impact of Nanoparticles on Oxidative Stress and Responsive Antioxidative Defense in Plants |
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393 | (2) |
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17.2 Nanoparticle-Induced Oxidative Stress in Plants: Generation of ROS |
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395 | (2) |
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17.3 Oxidative Damage Caused by Generated ROS |
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397 | (1) |
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17.4 Activation of Antioxidant Machinery in Response to Nanoparticle Exposure |
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398 | (4) |
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17.5 Conclusion and Future Outlook |
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402 | (5) |
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402 | (1) |
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402 | (4) |
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406 | (1) |
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18 Nanoparticles and Organic Matter: Process and Impact |
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407 | (1) |
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18.2 Plant Components: Nature and Uses |
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408 | (2) |
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18.3 Complications in Organic Matter Conversion |
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410 | (1) |
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18.4 Nanomaterials: A New Candidate in Organic Matter Conversion |
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411 | (1) |
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18.5 Characteristics of Nanomaterials |
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411 | (1) |
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18.6 Functional Properties of Nanocatalysts for Biomass Conversion |
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412 | (1) |
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18.7 Nanoparticles: Components Determining the Functional Properties |
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413 | (6) |
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18.8 Nanoparticles on Organic Matter |
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419 | (5) |
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18.9 Further Perspectives and Conclusions |
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424 | (5) |
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424 | (1) |
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424 | (5) |
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19 Ecological Risks of Nanoparticles: Effect on Soil Microorganisms |
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429 | (2) |
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19.2 Effect of Nanoparticles on Microorganisms |
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431 | (3) |
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19.3 Physical Basis of Toxicity |
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434 | (2) |
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19.4 Biochemical Mechanisms of Nanoparticle-Induced Toxicity |
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436 | (8) |
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19.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives |
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444 | (9) |
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444 | (7) |
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451 | (2) |
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20 Application of Nanotechnology to Enhance the Nutrient Quality of Food Crops and Agricultural Production |
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453 | (2) |
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20.2 Nanobiotechnological Materials and Their Synthesis |
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455 | (5) |
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20.3 Application of Nanobiotechnology at the Production Site (Agricultural Sector) |
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460 | (4) |
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20.4 Applications of Nanobiotechnology at the Marketing Site (Food Sector) |
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464 | (4) |
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468 | (5) |
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468 | (1) |
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468 | (5) |
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21 Potential Applications and Avenues of Nanotechnology in Sustainable Agriculture |
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473 | (4) |
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21.2 Nanotechnology for Sustainable Development of Crops |
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477 | (9) |
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21.3 Nanotechnology in Plant Nutrition and Health |
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486 | (6) |
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21.4 Conclusion and Future Prospects |
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492 | (9) |
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492 | (1) |
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493 | (7) |
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500 | (1) |
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22 Nanoencapsulation of Essential Oils: A Possible Way for an Eco-Friendly Strategy to Control Postharvest Spoilage of Food Commodities From Pests |
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501 | (2) |
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22.2 Techniques for Essential Oil Encapsulation |
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503 | (9) |
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22.3 Carriers/Wall Materials for Encapsulation |
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512 | (4) |
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22.4 Characterization of Micro-/Nanocapsules |
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516 | (2) |
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22.5 Conclusion and Future Prospects |
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518 | (5) |
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518 | (5) |
Index |
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523 | |