| Preface |
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v | |
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xiii | |
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xix | |
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1 | (16) |
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I The Disordered State of Illegality Doctrine |
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1 | (1) |
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II Taxonomy of Illegality Claims in Negligence Law |
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2 | (6) |
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A Categories of Claims Arising from an Illegality |
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2 | (2) |
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B Review of the Current Law |
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4 | (1) |
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i The Physical Injury Cases |
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4 | (3) |
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ii Sanction-shifting and Related Claims |
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7 | (1) |
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iii Illegal Profits and Earnings |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (4) |
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12 | (2) |
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14 | (1) |
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VI Focus on the Common Law |
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15 | (2) |
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2 Theoretical Perspectives |
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17 | (15) |
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17 | (1) |
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II Debates about the Proper Basis of Tort Law |
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17 | (2) |
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III Main Features of Corrective Justice Theory |
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19 | (2) |
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IV Reasons for Adopting a Corrective Justice Framework |
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21 | (3) |
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V Key Implications of Adopting a Corrective Justice Framework |
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24 | (4) |
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VI Public Policy and Corrective Justice |
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28 | (3) |
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28 | (1) |
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B Extra-relational Public Policy |
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29 | (1) |
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C Relational `Policy' of Legal Coherence |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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3 The Tort-Crime Interface |
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32 | (11) |
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32 | (1) |
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II Consistency between Tort Law and Criminal Law an Important Value of the Legal System |
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33 | (3) |
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III An Award of Compensation is not `Profit' |
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36 | (3) |
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IV Illegality Doctrine Does Not Support the Criminal Law in a Conceptually Coherent or Rational Way |
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39 | (3) |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (29) |
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43 | (1) |
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II Defining Public Policy |
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44 | (1) |
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III Public Policy Out in the Open |
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45 | (3) |
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IV Lord Sumption's Stance Against Public Policy Reasoning |
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48 | (2) |
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V Evaluation of a Public Policy Approach |
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50 | (7) |
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A The Destabilising Effect of Public Policy Reasoning on the Law of Illegality |
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51 | (3) |
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54 | (3) |
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VI Public Policy in Negligence Claims |
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57 | (3) |
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VII Are These Objections to Public Policy Reasoning Overstated? |
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60 | (2) |
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VIII Concluding Remarks on Public Policy |
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62 | (1) |
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IX A Structured Discretion |
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62 | (8) |
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A A Judicially Structured Discretion |
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64 | (1) |
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i A Structured Discretion Introduces a Theoretical Incoherence into Negligence Law |
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65 | (1) |
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ii A Structured Discretion Will Make Decisions More Difficult and Unpredictable |
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66 | (2) |
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B A Statutorily Structured Discretion |
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68 | (2) |
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70 | (2) |
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72 | (33) |
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72 | (2) |
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74 | (4) |
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III The Inextricable Link (Sufficient Connection) Test |
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78 | (6) |
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84 | (17) |
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A Overview of the Causation Test |
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84 | (1) |
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B Development of the Causation Test in the United Kingdom |
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85 | (5) |
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C The Doctrinal Incoherence of a Causation Test |
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90 | (1) |
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i No Valid Test for Identifying the Claimant's Illegal Conduct as the Effective Cause of the Harm |
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90 | (3) |
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ii A Causation Test is Inconsistent with `Scope of Liability' Causation |
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93 | (5) |
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D The Conceptual Incoherence of the Causation Test |
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98 | (3) |
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V A Statutory Causation Test |
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101 | (3) |
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A Overview of the Statutory Defences |
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101 | (1) |
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B The Statutory Defences are Inconsistent with the Correlative Structure of Negligence Liability |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (1) |
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6 Overview of the Coherence Rationale |
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105 | (18) |
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105 | (2) |
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II The Principle of Coherence is not Dependent on Corrective Justice for its Validity |
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107 | (1) |
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III Concerns about Legal Coherence are Relational Concerns |
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108 | (2) |
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IV Categories of Claims Where a Legal Incoherence Might Arise |
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110 | (5) |
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A Allowing Recovery would Enable the Claimant to Escape the Effects of the Law Proscribing the Conduct |
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111 | (1) |
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B Allowing Recovery would Enable the Claimant to Profit from Wrongdoing |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (2) |
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ii Illegal Profits and Earnings |
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114 | (1) |
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V The Limited Application of the Coherence Rationale to Personal Injury Claims |
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115 | (2) |
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VI Other Misappropriations of the Coherence Rationale |
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117 | (2) |
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VII Does an Exclusive Focus on Legal Coherence Result in an Unjustifiably Narrow Doctrine of Illegality? |
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119 | (2) |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (21) |
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123 | (2) |
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II Brief Overview of Miller v Miller |
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125 | (2) |
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III Implications of the Statutory Purpose Explanation |
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127 | (1) |
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IV Evaluation of the Statutory Purpose Explanation: Claims for Harm Sustained in the Course of Committing an Illegal Act |
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128 | (10) |
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A Discerning Statutory Purpose can be a Highly Speculative Exercise |
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128 | (6) |
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B Appeals to Statutory Purpose can Involve Unarticulated Value and Policy Judgements |
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134 | (3) |
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C Focus on Statutory Purpose Distracts the Court from a Relational Analysis of Duty of Care |
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137 | (1) |
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V Evaluation of the Statutory Purpose Explanation: Sanction-shifting Claims and Claims for Illegal Profits and Earnings |
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138 | (2) |
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VI Statutory Purpose Explanation Is Arguably Better Adapted to Other Areas of Private Law Illegality |
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140 | (2) |
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142 | (2) |
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8 No Loss or Damage: Sanction-shifting and Related Claims |
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144 | (37) |
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144 | (1) |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (6) |
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A Overview of the Consistency Rule |
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146 | (3) |
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B Is there a Convincing Rationale for a Consistency Rule Tied to the Claimant's Culpability? |
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149 | (3) |
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IV A Corrective Justice Perspective |
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152 | (8) |
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152 | (1) |
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B Overview of the No Loss or Damage Explanation |
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153 | (1) |
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i Proposition One: No Violation of a Right (No Damage) |
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153 | (2) |
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ii Proposition Two: No Legal Value (No Loss) |
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155 | (2) |
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C The No Loss or Damage Explanation is Compatible with a Loss-based Model of Negligence Law |
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157 | (3) |
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V Loss or Damage that is Irrecoverable |
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160 | (5) |
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160 | (2) |
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B Non-pecuniary Losses Resulting from Detention |
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162 | (3) |
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VI Loss or Damage that is Recoverable |
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165 | (8) |
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A Loss of Earning Capacity |
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166 | (3) |
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B Other Non-pecuniary Damages |
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169 | (1) |
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C Claims to be Indemnified for a Third Party Civil Liability |
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170 | (3) |
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VII Culpability of the Claimant is Irrelevant |
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173 | (3) |
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VIII Corporate Responsibility |
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176 | (4) |
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180 | (1) |
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9 No Loss or Damage: Illegal Profits and Earnings |
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181 | (13) |
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181 | (1) |
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II The No Legal Value Proposition |
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182 | (2) |
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III Relevance of the Proceeds of Crime Legislation |
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184 | (1) |
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IV Statement of the No Legal Value Proposition |
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185 | (1) |
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V Application of the No Legal Value Proposition to the Case Law |
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186 | (5) |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (3) |
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VI Application of the Statutory Purpose Explanation |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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10 A Relational Explanation: Joint Illegal Enterprise Cases |
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194 | (33) |
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194 | (2) |
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II The Illegal Relationship Between the Parties will not of Itself Negate Duty of Care |
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196 | (1) |
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III Background: The Standard of Care Approach |
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197 | (4) |
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A Development of the Standard of Care Approach |
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197 | (2) |
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B The Standard of Care Approach is not an Appropriate Explanation of the Joint Illegality Cases |
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199 | (2) |
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IV The Relationship Between the Parties Is such that the Claimant Cannot Expect the Defendant to Act Carefully (the Joyce Principle) |
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201 | (3) |
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V Support for the Joyce Principle in the United Kingdom |
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204 | (1) |
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VI The Joyce Principle should be Adopted as the Basis for Resolving Joint Illegality Cases |
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205 | (2) |
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VII Is an `All or Nothing' Approach Ever Appropriate? |
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207 | (1) |
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VIII Corrective Justice Requires an Examination into the Standard of Care that could Reasonably be Expected |
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208 | (4) |
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IX The Requirements for the Establishment of the Joyce Principle |
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212 | (1) |
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X Application of the Joyce Principle to Joint Illegal Enterprise Cases |
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213 | (3) |
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A Nature, Purpose and Scope of the Joint Enterprise |
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213 | (2) |
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B Time at Which the Claimant's Knowledge of the Risks Is to be Assessed |
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215 | (1) |
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XI Joint Illegal Relations that Displace the Normal Standard of Care |
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216 | (7) |
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216 | (4) |
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220 | (1) |
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C Fleeing the Scene of a Crime |
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221 | (2) |
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XII Does the Joyce Principle Give an Unjustified Advantage to a Criminal Accomplice? |
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223 | (1) |
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XIII Interaction with Defences |
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224 | (2) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (6) |
| Index |
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233 | |