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Non-native Speech: A Corpus-based Analysis of Phonological and Phonetic Properties of L2 English and German New edition [Kõva köide]

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  • Formaat: Hardback, 358 pages, kõrgus x laius: 210x148 mm, kaal: 590 g
  • Sari: English Corpus Linguistics 9
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-May-2009
  • Kirjastus: Peter Lang AG
  • ISBN-10: 3631591152
  • ISBN-13: 9783631591154
Teised raamatud teemal:
Non-native Speech: A Corpus-based Analysis of Phonological and Phonetic Properties of L2 English and German New editionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 358 pages, kõrgus x laius: 210x148 mm, kaal: 590 g
  • Sari: English Corpus Linguistics 9
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-May-2009
  • Kirjastus: Peter Lang AG
  • ISBN-10: 3631591152
  • ISBN-13: 9783631591154
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9783631591154.html
Märksõnad:
Based on an innovative corpus-based approach, this book offers a comprehensive survey of the phonological and phonetic properties of L2 speech in English and German. The first part of the book critically examines current theoretical models and research methodologies in the field of second language acquisition of phonology and describes the advances that have been made in corpus linguistics over the past few years in particular, the development of phonological learner corpora. It furthermore presents the first learner corpus of L2 English and L2 German that is fully aligned and has extensive phonological annotations: the LeaP corpus. The second part of the book describes the results of the quantitative and qualitative corpus analyses in the following areas of non-native speech: fluency, final consonant cluster realisation, vowel reduction and speech rhythm, intonation and general foreign accent. In addition, the influence of many non-linguistic factors, including instruction and a stay abroad, on the phonological properties of non-native speech is explored.
1 Introduction 13
2 Theories of L2 phonological acquisition 21
2.1 Ll as an explanation for the structure and acquisition of non-native speech
21
2.2 Universal principles and non-native speech: typological markedness
24
2.3 Universal principles and non-native speech: Universal Grammar
27
2.4 Universal principles and non-native speech: Natural Phonology
29
2.5 L2 phonological acquisition in Optimality Theory
31
2.6 Comparison of the models
36
3 Research methodology in non-native speech and the corpus-linguistic approach 39
3.1 A survey of research on non-native speech in the past 39 years
39
3.1.1 Phonological domains investigated
40
3.1.2 Number of participants
43
3.1.3 Methodology
44
3.1.4 Study design
45
3.1.5 Data collection
46
3.1.6 Data analysis
47
3.1.7 Theoretical framework
49
3.1.8 Target language
49
3.1.9 Summary
50
3.2 Corpus linguistics and types of corpora
52
3.2.1 Types of corpora
53
3.2.2 Phonological corpora
54
3.3 Corpus-based analysis of non-native speech
56
3.3.1 Quantitative and qualitative corpus analyses
56
3.3.2 Learner corpora
59
3.4 Summary
62
4 The LeaP corpus 63
4.1 The LeaP corpus: background
63
4.2 Corpus type and size
63
4.3 Corpus design
64
4.3.2 Speakers
65
4.3.3 Metadata
66
4.3.4 Overview of the data in the LeaP corpus
67
4.4 Annotation of the recordings
68
4.4.1 Annotator characteristics
71
4.4.2 Evaluation of the reliability of the manual annotations
71
4.5 Corpus data format
73
4.6 Corpus analysis
74
4.6.1 The TASX corpus browser
74
4.6.2 NXT Search
74
4.7 Summary
75
5 Non-native Fluency 77
5.1 Definitions of fluency
77
5.2 Temporal correlates of fluency
79
5.3 Temporal correlates of fluency in native speech
83
5.4 Fluency in Ll and L2
84
5.5 Correlation of fluency measurements with native speaker ratings
85
5.6 Fluency in different learning contexts
86
5.7 Fluency and speaking style
87
5.8 Methodology in non-native fluency research: an overview
88
5.9 Aims and method of the corpus analysis
93
5.10 Results
94
5.10.1 Non-native fluency in English and German
94
5.10.2 Correlation between the temporal measurements of fluency
96
5.10.3 Fluency and speaking style
97
5.10.4 Comparison with native speakers
98
5.10.5 Fluency of individual speakers
102
5.10.6 Improvement of fluency
103
5.10.7 Fluency in L2 and L3
105
5.10.8 Non-linguistic correlates of fluency
106
5.11 Summary and discussion
109
6 Syllabification and cluster reduction 113
6.1 Syllabification and resyllabification in English and German
113
6.2 Consonant cluster reduction in English and German
118
6.3 Syllabification in non-native English and German
119
6.4 Consonant cluster reduction in non-native English and German
123
6.5 Aims and method of the corpus analysis
129
6.6 Results
131
6.6.1 Syllabification in English
131
6.6.2 Syllabification in non-native German
133
6.6.3 Coda consonant cluster realization in non-native speech
134
6.6.4 Cluster length
135
6.6.5 Functional status of words
136
6.6.6 Position of cluster
137
6.6.7 Cluster type
137
6.6.8 Substitution patterns
140
6.6.9 Speaking style
141
6.6.10 Coda consonant cluster realization in native and non-native English
144
6.6.11 Coda /-t,d/ deletion in non-native English
146
6.6.12 Coda /-t/ deletion in non-native German
149
6.6.13 Coda cluster realization in native and non-native German
149
6.6.14 Ll influence on coda cluster realization
151
6.6.15 Cluster reduction in L2 and L3
152
6.6.16 Improvement of coda cluster realization
153
6.7 Summary and discussion
154
7 Speech rhythm and vowel reduction 159
7.1 Concept and measurements of speech rhythm
159
7.2 Cross-linguistic differences in speech rhythm
164
7.3 Speech rhythm in English and German
167
7.4 Speech rhythm and its variation with speech rate and speaking style
170
7.5 Non-native speech rhythm in English and German
171
7.6 Aims and method of the corpus analysis
175
7.7 Results
176
7.7.1 Speech rhythm in non-native speech: general properties
176
7.7.2 Non-native compared to native speech rhythm
178
7.7.3 Differences between speaking styles
180
7.7.4 Native language influence: English speech rhythm
181
7.7.5 Native language influence: German speech rhythm
183
7.7.6 Vowel quality and vowel length
187
7.7.7 Improvement in speech rhythm
189
7.7.8 Speech rhythm in L2 and L3
190
7.7.9 Speech rate and speech rhythm
192
7.8 Summary and discussion
192
8 Intonation 195
8.1 Models of intonational structure
195
8.2 Tone inventory and meaning of tones in English and German
201
8.3 Intonational phrasing in English and German
207
8.4 Nucleus placement in German and English: marking of given and new information
210
8.5 Pitch range in English and German
213
8.6 Non-native intonation: tone inventory and meaning
216
8.7 Intonational phrasing in non-native English
220
8.8 Accent placement and the given/new contrast in non-native English
221
8.9 Pitch range and paratone in non-native speech
223
8.10 Aims and method of the corpus analysis
225
8.11 Results
228
8.11.1 Intonational Phrasing
228
8.11.2 Native and non-native phrasing
229
8.11.3 Tone inventory in non-native English and non-native German
230
8.11.4 Tone inventory and speaking style
232
8.11.5 Non-native and native tone inventories
235
8.11.6 Pitch range
237
8.11.7 Native and non-native pitch range
239
8.11.8 Pitch accent placement in English
242
8.11.9 Native and non-native pitch accent placement in English
243
8.11.10 L1 influence on intonation
244
8.11.11 Acquisition of intonation
246
8.12 Summary and discussion
247
9 Factors influencing foreign accent 253
9.1 Foreign accent
253
9.2 Factors influencing foreign accent
256
9.2.1 Age
256
9.2.2 Length of residence
258
9.2.3 Motivation
259
9.2.4 Gender
260
9.2.5 Length and type of instruction
261
9.2.6 Continued L1 use
261
9.2.7 Aptitude
262
9.3 Intercorrelation and relative weight of factors
263
9.4 Ultimate attainment
265
9.5 Aims and method of the corpus analysis
266
9.6 Results
271
9.6.1 Factors influencing foreign accent
271
9.6.2 Accent rating and prosodic features
273
9.6.3 Ultimate attainment: near-native speakers
273
9.6.4 Effect of prosodic training
277
9.7 Summary and discussion
278
10 Non-native speech 283
10.1 The relationship between different phonological features of non-native speech
283
10.2 The relationship between phonological and other linguistic features in non-native speech
285
10.3 Aims and method of the corpus analysis
287
10.4 Results
289
10.4.1 Intercorrelation of phonological features in non-native speech
289
10.4.2 Intercorrelation of phonological and non-phonological features of non-native speech
292
10.5 Summary and discussion
295
11 Discussion and Outlook 299
12 List of References 309
13 Index 341
Appendices 343
The Author: Ulrike Gut holds the Chair for Applied English Linguistics at the University of Augsburg. She obtained first degrees in English, psychology and linguistics from the University of Mannheim and the University of Cambridge, gained a doctoral degree in English linguistics at the University of Mannheim and received her habilitation in English and phonetics from the University of Freiburg in the Breisgau. Her main research interests are phonetics and phonology, second language acquisition, corpus linguistics and varieties of English.