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Optics of the Human Eye [Pehme köide]

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(Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
Consultant Ophthalmolo), (Associate Professor, School of Optometry, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 288 pages, kaal: 690 g, 166 ills.; Illustrations, unspecified
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Feb-2000
  • Kirjastus: Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 0750637757
  • ISBN-13: 9780750637756
Teised raamatud teemal:
Optics of the Human EyeSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 288 pages, kaal: 690 g, 166 ills.; Illustrations, unspecified
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Feb-2000
  • Kirjastus: Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 0750637757
  • ISBN-13: 9780750637756
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780750637756.html
Märksõnad:
The book is divided into a number of short chapters with each chapter dedicated to a single theme. For ease of reference, the most commonly useful topics are at the beginning and topics with narrower appeal, such as ocular aberrations, are placed towards the end. The book is divided into 5 sections, covering:* basic optical structure of the human eye* image formation and refraction of the eye (including refractive errors of the eye, measurement and correction) * interactions between light and the eye, considering transmission, reflection and scatter in the media of the eye and at the fundus* aberrations and retinal image quality* depth of field copics and age related changes in the optics of the eyeThe book concludes with 4 appendices, covering mathematics relating to paraxial optics, aberrations theory and image quality criteria and construction data, optical parameters and the aberrations of a number of schematic eyes.

* A primer for all students of optometry and vision sciences covering optics of the normal eye and introducing them to refractive problems * * Presented in a clear and succinct style with a friendly approach, this book provides and up-to-date coverage of the aberrations and image quality of the eye

Arvustused

"...here is an excellent reference text for visual scientists, optical manufacturers and designers of devices for visual observation" Professor Robert Fletcher, Optical Practitioner, September 2000

Acknowledgments viii
Sign convention and symbols ix
Introduction xi
Section 1: Basic optical structure of the human eye
The human eye: an overview
3(8)
Introduction
3(1)
Optical structure and image formation
4(1)
The retina
5(2)
The cardinal points
7(1)
The equivalent power and focal lengths
7(1)
Axes of the eye
8(1)
Centre-of-rotation
8(1)
Field-of-vision
8(1)
Binocular vision and binocular overlap
8(1)
Typical dimensions
9(2)
Refracting components: cornea and lens
11(10)
Introduction
11(1)
Cornea
11(5)
Lens
16(2)
Accommodation
18(3)
The pupil
21(9)
Introduction -- the iris
21(1)
Entrance and exit pupils
21(2)
Pupil centration
23(1)
Pupil size
23(2)
Shape of the obliquely viewed pupil
25(2)
Significance of the pupil size
27(1)
Measurement of pupil size (pupillometry)
28(1)
Artificial pupils
28(2)
Axes of the eye
30(9)
Introduction
30(1)
Definitions and significance
30(4)
Locating some axes
34(1)
Angles between axes
34(5)
Paraxial schematic eyes
39(12)
Introduction
39(1)
Development of paraxial schematic eyes
40(1)
Gaussian properties and cardinal points
41(3)
`Exact' schematic eyes
44(1)
Simplified schematic eyes
44(1)
Reduced schematic eyes
45(1)
Variable accommodating eyes
45(6)
Section 2: Image formation and refraction
Image formation: the focused paraxial image
51(6)
Introduction
51(1)
The general case
51(3)
Eye focused at infinity
54(1)
Binocular vision
54(3)
Refractive anomalies
57(10)
Introduction
57(1)
Spherical refractive anomalies
58(2)
Astigmatic refractive errors
60(1)
Anisometropia
61(1)
Distribution of refractive errors and ocular components
61(1)
The power of the correctin lens
62(2)
Effect of parameter changes on refractive errors
64(3)
Measuring refractive errors
67(12)
Introduction
67(1)
Subjective-only refraction techniques
67(4)
Subjective/objective refraction techniques
71(2)
Objective-only refraction techniques
73(2)
Factors affecting refraction
75(4)
Image formation: the defocused paraxial image
79(9)
Introduction
79(1)
Retinal image size
80(2)
Size of the defocus blur disc
82(3)
Other effects of defocus
85(3)
Some optical effects of ophthalmic lenses
88(11)
Introduction
88(1)
Spectacle magnification
88(2)
Pupil position and magnification
90(1)
Relative spectacle magnification
91(1)
Effects on far and near points and accommodation demand
92(1)
Rotational magnification, field-of-view and field-of-vision
93(6)
Section 3: Light and the eye
Light and the eye: introduction
99(6)
Introduction
99(1)
Radiation and the electromagnetic spectrum
99(1)
Light
100(1)
Photometric quantities, units and example levels
101(2)
Some useful relationships
103(1)
Which quantity to use
103(2)
Passage of light into the eye
105(12)
Introduction
105(1)
Specular reflection
105(2)
Transmittance
107(4)
Scatter
111(2)
Fluorescence
113(1)
Birefringence
114(3)
Light level at the retina
117(12)
Introduction
117(1)
Retinal illuminance: directly transmitted light
117(3)
Retinal illuminance: scattered light
120(2)
Photon density levels
122(1)
Maxwellian view
123(1)
The Stiles--Crawford effect
124(5)
Light interaction with the fundus
129(8)
Introduction
129(1)
Fundus reflectance
130(1)
Absorption
131(1)
Birefringence
132(5)
Section 4: Aberrations and retinal image quality
Monochromatic aberrations
137(23)
Introduction
137(1)
Methods of measuring monochromatic aberrations
138(5)
Types and magnitudes of monochromatic aberrations
143(8)
Significance of monochromatic aberrations
151(3)
Ocular component contributions
154(1)
Pupil aberration
155(1)
Aberrations of opthalmic devices
155(5)
Monochromatic aberrations of schematic eyes
160(20)
Introduction
160(1)
Aberrations of paraxial schematic eyes
161(5)
Modelling surface shapes
166(2)
Modelling the lenticular refractive index distribution
168(3)
Modelling the retina
171(1)
Survey of finite eye models
171(2)
Performance of finite eye models
173(7)
Chromatic aberrations
180(14)
Introduction
180(1)
Longitudinal chromatic aberration
180(1)
Transverse chromatic aberration
181(2)
Measurement of longitudinal chromatic aberration
183(2)
Measurement of transverse chromatic aberration
185(1)
Effects of chromatic aberrations on vision
186(2)
Aberration compensation and correction
188(1)
Modelling chromatic aberrations
189(5)
Retinal image quality
194(19)
Introduction
194(1)
The point and line spread functions
195(3)
The optical transfer function
198(4)
Retinal image quality
202(11)
Section 5: Miscellaneous
Depth-of-field
213(8)
Introduction
213(1)
Experimental results
214(3)
Modelling depth-of-field
217(4)
The aging eye
221(42)
Introduction
221(1)
Cornea
221(1)
Lens
222(1)
Refractive errors and axial length
223(1)
Accommodation and presbyopia
223(4)
Pupil diameter
227(1)
Aberrations and retinal image quality
227(1)
Photometry
228(1)
Schematic eyes
229(8)
Appendices
A1 Paraxial optics
237(5)
Introduction
237(1)
The paraxial approximations and paraxial rays
238(1)
A paraxial ray-tracing scheme
239(1)
The optical invariant
240(1)
Cardinal points and equivalent power
240(1)
The lens equation
240(1)
Gaussian optics
241(1)
A2 Introduction to aberration theory
242(8)
Quantification of aberrations
242(1)
The wave aberration function
243(2)
Seidel aberrations
245(5)
A3 Schematic eyes
250(9)
Introduction
250(1)
Paraxial schematic eyes
250(4)
Finite schematic eyes
254(5)
A4 Calculation of PSF and OTF from aberration of an optical system
259(4)
The point spread function (PSF)
259(2)
The optical transfer function (OTF)
261(2)
Index 263