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Organic Photoreceptors for Xerography [Kõva köide]

  • Formaat: Hardback, 799 pages, kõrgus x laius: 280x210 mm, kaal: 1248 g, Contains 59 hardbacks
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Apr-1998
  • Kirjastus: Marcel Dekker Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0824701739
  • ISBN-13: 9780824701734
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  • Formaat: Hardback, 799 pages, kõrgus x laius: 280x210 mm, kaal: 1248 g, Contains 59 hardbacks
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Apr-1998
  • Kirjastus: Marcel Dekker Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0824701739
  • ISBN-13: 9780824701734
Teised raamatud teemal:
Borsenberger and Weiss, both of the Eastman Kodak Company, shed light on the relationship of molecular structure to the photoelectronic properties of organic solids and the correlation of these properties to photoreceptor sensitometry. The text, graphics, tables, and references will enlighten practicing and student imagining scientists and engineers on basics in the field, as well as state-of-the-art experimental methods, and eclectic applications of xerography. Selected topics include: the development of electrophotography in the 1930s, photogeneration theories, and hole transport. Includes appendices on polymers, generation and transport materials. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.

Presents fundamental, as well as state-of-the-art, information on the physics, chemistry, materials, fabrication, preparation, application and performance of organic photoreceptors in xerography. The book offers on-the-job situations to problems related to xerographic photoreceptors and related technologies, including electroluminescent, photorefractive, photovoltaic and transistor devices.

Arvustused

". . .this book should be an essential component of any library that serves those interested in the practice of xerography." ---Journal of the American Chemical Society ". . .complete, updated, and lucid. . ..an excellent reference for an advanced undergraduate or graduate student in physics, materials science, chemistry or any related area. . ..should provide valuable to those of us involved in using organic charge transport materials in research involving. . .xerography, photorefractivity or electroluminescent organic materials." ---Optics & Phototonics News

>From the Series Editor iii
Preface v
Symbols and Nomenclature xvii
Introduction
1(42)
Early Developments
1(7)
Electrophotographic Processes
8(23)
Xerography
8(3)
Photoreceptor Charging
11(3)
Latent Image Formation
14(1)
Image Development
15(7)
Toner Transfer
22(1)
Image Fusing
22(1)
Photoreceptor Cleaning
23(3)
Photoreceptor Erase
26(1)
Other Processes
26(1)
Electrofax
26(1)
Persistent Internal Polarization
27(1)
Photoconductive Pigment Electrophotography
27(1)
Other Processes of Interest
28(1)
Conclusions
29(2)
Summary
31(12)
References
31(12)
Xerographic Photoreceptors
43(36)
Introduction
43(2)
Chalcogenide Glasses
45(5)
Organic Materials
50(6)
Amorphous Silicon
56(5)
Other Materials
61(2)
Summary
63(16)
References
64(15)
Charge Acceptance and Potential Discharge Methods
79(30)
Introduction
79(1)
Charge Acceptance
80(4)
Dark Discharge
84(3)
Photoinduced Discharge
87(16)
Continuous Exposures
88(1)
Emission-Limited Discharge
88(3)
The Xerographic Gain
91(1)
Space-Charge-Limited Discharge
92(5)
Flash Exposures
97(3)
Trapping
100(1)
Recombination
101(2)
Summary
103(6)
References
104(5)
Experimental Methods
109(64)
Photoreceptor Preparation
109(9)
Introduction
109(3)
Fabrication Techniques
112(1)
Solvent Coating Techniques
113(2)
Pigment Coating Techniques
115(1)
Novel Fabrication Methods
116(1)
Physical Characterization and Chemical Analysis
117(1)
Latent Image Characterization
118(30)
Introduction
118(2)
Charge Transport
120(1)
Transient Photocurrent Measurements
120(8)
Transient Photoinduced Discharge Measurements
128(3)
Space-Charge-Limited Current, Thermally Stimulated-Current Thermoluminescence, and Isothermal-Current-Decay Techniques
131(1)
Holographic Techniques
132(1)
Free Carrier Optical Absorption Methods
133(1)
Electrochemical Techniques
133(1)
Deconvolution Techniques and Scaling Relationships
134(1)
The Carrier Range
135(2)
Photogeneration
137(1)
Transient Photocurrent Measurements
137(4)
Photoacoustical Measurements
141(2)
Photoacoustical Measurements
143(1)
Field-Enhanced Fluorescence Quenching Methods
144(2)
Recombination
146(2)
Photoreceptor Evaluation
148(25)
Dark Discharge
148(1)
Sensitometry
149(1)
Continuous Exposures
149(1)
Flash Exposures
150(2)
Regeneration
152(2)
Digital Xerography
154(1)
References
155(18)
Photogeneration Theories
173(30)
Introduction
173(1)
Early Developments
174(1)
More Recent Work
175(2)
Surface-Enhanced Exciton Dissociation
177(2)
Geminate Recombination
179(16)
The Poole-Frenkel Effect
179(1)
The Onsager Formalism
180(10)
Time-Dependent Models
190(1)
Energetic and Positional Disorder
191(4)
Summary
195(8)
References
196(7)
Photogeneration in Organic Solids
203(86)
Introduction
203(1)
Aggregate Materials
204(4)
Azo Pigments
208(13)
Perylene-Diimide Pigments
221(4)
Phthalocyanine Pigments
225(9)
Metal-Free Phthalocyanines
225(4)
Donor or Acceptor Doped Metal-Free Phthalocyanines
229(2)
Metal Phthalocyanines
231(3)
Polyacenes
234(8)
Polymers
242(19)
Polysilanes and Polygermanes
243(4)
Poly(N-vinylcarbazole)(PVK) and Related Compounds
247(9)
Triphenylamine (TPA) and Tri-p-tolylamine (TTA) Doped Polymers
256(3)
Other Polymers of Interest
259(2)
Porphyrins
261(1)
Squaraine Pigments
262(1)
Summary
262(27)
References
269(20)
Charge Transport Theories
289(64)
Introduction
289(1)
The Disorder Formalism
290(34)
Background
290(2)
Basic Assumptions
292(2)
Monte Carlo Simulations
294(3)
Energetic Relaxation
297(2)
The Temperature dependencies of the Zero-Field Mobility
299(1)
The Field Dependencies of the Mobility
300(5)
The Field and Temperature Dependencies of the Mobility
305(1)
The Temporal Features of the Photocurrent Transients
306(1)
The Nondispersive to Dispersive Transition
307(7)
The Tail-Broadening Parameter
314(1)
Dipolar Disorder Models
314(5)
Other Arguments
319(5)
Polaron Arguments
324(7)
General Features
324(1)
Early Models
325(1)
The Analysis of Kenkre and Dunlap
326(1)
The Model of Gartstein and Conwell
327(3)
The Analysis of Van der Auweraer
330(1)
The Scher-Montroll Formalism
331(3)
Other Models
334(5)
The Dipole Trap
334(1)
Lattice Gas and Percolation Models
335(1)
Multiple Trapping
336(1)
The Poole-Frenkel Effect
337(1)
Other Arguments
338(1)
Summary
339(14)
References
341(12)
Hole Transport
353(182)
Introduction
353(2)
Arylalkanes
355(15)
Arylamines
370(46)
1, 1-Bis[ 4-(4-methylstyry1)pheny1-4-tolylaminophenyl] cyclohexane(BTAS)
370(1)
5'[ 4-[ Bis(4-ethylphenyl(amino]-N, N, N'N,-tetrakis(4-ethylphenyl) [ 1,1':3'1''-terphenyl]-4,4''-diamine(EFTP)
370(7)
N,N'-Bis(1-naphthalene)-N,N'-diphenyl-4,4'-phenyldiamine (NPPDA) and Related Compounds
377(2)
N,N,N,N,'-Tetrakis(m-methylphenyl)-1,3-diaminobenzene (PDA)
379(1)
N,N,N,N,'-Tetraarylbenzidine(TAB)
380(1)
1,1-Bis(di-4-tolylaminophenyl)cyclohexane (TAPC)
381(11)
Bis(ditolylamostyryl)benzene (TASB)
392(1)
N,N'-Diphenyl-N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine(TPD) and N,N,',N''N'''-Tetrakis(4-methylphenyl)-1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine (TTB)
393(9)
Triphenylamine (TPA)
402(3)
Tri-p-tolylamine (TTA)
405(7)
Other Compounds of Interest
412(4)
Enamines
416(5)
Hydrazones
421(15)
Oxadiazoles and Oxazoles
436(5)
Phthalocyanines
441(3)
Polysilylenes (Polysilanes), Polygermylenes (Polygermanes) and Related Compounds
444(15)
Poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and Related Compounds
459(12)
Pyrazolines
471(5)
Other Materials of Interest
476(6)
Summary
482(53)
The Field Dependencies of the Mobility
482(1)
The Temperature Dependencies of the Mobility
483(2)
The Prefactor Mobility
485(1)
Dispersive Transport
486(1)
Effects Related to the Donor Functionality
487(2)
Polymer Host Phenomena
489(1)
Effects of Donor Concentration
490(17)
References
507(28)
Electron and Bipolar Transport
535(64)
Electron Transport
535(36)
Introduction
535(1)
Anthraquinones
536(5)
Diphenoquinones
541(6)
Indanes
547(2)
2,4,7-Trinitro-9-fluorenone (TNF) and TNF Poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) Mixtures
549(5)
Sulfones
554(3)
Other Materials of Interest
557(12)
Summary
569(2)
Bipolar Transport
571(28)
Introduction
571(1)
Aggregate Materials
571(1)
2, 4, 7-Trinitro-9-fluorenone (TNF) and Poly (N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) Mixtures
572(1)
Diphenoquinone and Arylamine Mixtures
573(3)
Naphthalenetetracarboxylic Diimides
576(4)
Oxadiazoles
580(1)
Other Materials of Interest
581(1)
Summary
582(5)
References
587(12)
Organic Photoreceptors
599(74)
Introduction
599(1)
General Materials
600(26)
Molecular Complexes
601(3)
Pigments
604(1)
Azos
604(8)
Phthalocyanines
612(9)
Squaraines
621(3)
Polycyclic Aromatics and Other Compounds
624(2)
Transport Materials
626(7)
Hole Transport Materials
627(4)
Electron Transport Materials
631(2)
Fatigue
633(40)
Trapping
634(1)
Effects Related to the Corona Discharge
635(4)
Radiation-Induced Effects
639(5)
Other Effects
644(3)
References
647(26)
Summary and Concluding Remarks
673(52)
Introduction
673(1)
Latent Image Formation
674(4)
Organic Photoreceptors
678(3)
Future Requirements and Directions
681(12)
References
683(10)
Appendices
1. Polymers
693(3)
2. Generation Materials
696(9)
3. Transport Materials
705(20)
Author Index 725(30)
Subject Index 755
Borsenberger\, Paul M.