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Parametric Methods for Beginners: Architecture Applications [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 204 pages, kõrgus x laius: 280x210 mm, kaal: 680 g, 18 Line drawings, black and white; 338 Halftones, black and white; 356 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Dec-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1032136014
  • ISBN-13: 9781032136011
Teised raamatud teemal:
Parametric Methods for Beginners: Architecture ApplicationsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 204 pages, kõrgus x laius: 280x210 mm, kaal: 680 g, 18 Line drawings, black and white; 338 Halftones, black and white; 356 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Dec-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1032136014
  • ISBN-13: 9781032136011
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781032136011.html
Märksõnad:
This book introduces architectural applications of parametric methods in design, drawing direct connections between each phase of the architectural design process with relevant parametric approaches.

Readers will find applications of parametric methods with straightforward explanations of concepts, commands as well as applicable examples for each phase of the architectural design process. In addition to learning about the historical and conceptual background of parametric design, readers can use this book as a go-to source during their day-to-day design practice. Chapters are organized according to different phases of the architectural design process, such as site analysis, spatial organization, skin systems, and environmental performance analyses. Together, they deliver concepts, applications, and examples utilizing in-depth visual guides that explain commands, their outcomes, and their interrelationships. With over 350 images, this book includes examples from the authors own design studio and parametric design teaching in elective classes.

Based on the Rhinoceros and Grasshopper platforms, this book is an accessible, yet in-depth, resource for architecture students and early professionals who are considering integrating parametric applications into their design processes.
Software and Plug-in Acknowledgments xv
Acknowledgments xvii
Chapter 01 Introduction to Parametric Design: Basics in Relation to Architectural Design Process Phases
1(9)
1.1 What Is Parametric Design?
2(2)
1.2 Developments in Design Thinking
4(2)
1.2.1 Cognitive Models of Design Thinking
4(1)
1.2.2 Computational Models of Digital Design Thinking: Computer-Aided Design and Digital Architectural Design
4(1)
1.2.3 The New Wave of Digital Design: Parametric Models of Design
5(1)
1.3 Basics of Parametric Interface, CAD Interface, and Parametric Relationships Using Rhinoceros and Grasshopper
6(3)
1.3.1 Relationships between Geometry and Geometric Representations in Rhinoceros and Grasshopper
6(1)
1.3.2 Basic Command Component Structure in Rhinoceros
7(1)
1.3.3 Coordinated Interrelationships of Components in Grasshopper
8(1)
1.4 Parametric Thinking, Parametric Methods, and the Architectural Design Process
9(1)
Chapter 02 History and Conceptual Framework of Parametric Design in Architecture
10(10)
2.1 Parametric Thinking: Before Computers and Digital Methods for Parametric Thinking
11(1)
2.2 Parametric Design Following the Proliferation of Computers and Digital Applications
11(2)
2.3 "Parametricism" and the Current Debate
13(4)
2.3.1 The Parametricist Manifesto of 2008
13(1)
2.3.2 Responses and Discussions Triggered by the Parametricist Manifesto
14(2)
2.3.3 Parametricism 2.0
16(1)
2.4 Parametric Design and Architectural Research
17(1)
2.4.1 The Operationalization Challenge
17(1)
2.4.2 Parametric Methods and Architectural Research
17(1)
2.5 Parametric Design and Prospective Futures
18(2)
Chapter 03 Site Analysis: Understanding the Site and Its Context Using Parametric Methods
20(28)
3.1 Site Analysis: Methods
20(1)
3.1.1 Site visits, observations, and archival methods
20(1)
3.2 Elements of Site Analysis
21(1)
3.2.1 Contextual Information, Rules, Regulations, and Physical Conditions in and around the Site
21(1)
3.2.2 Environmental Information about the Site and Its Context
21(1)
3.3 Parametric Methods for Site Analysis
22(9)
3.3.7 Environment-Related Information That Can Be Analyzed Using Grasshopper
22(1)
3.3.2 Accessing Local Climate Data
22(2)
3.3.3 The Psychrometric Chart
24(1)
3.3.4 Analyzing Solar Conditions
24(7)
3.4 Site Conditions in Relation to Thermal Comfort
31(5)
3.4.1 Mean Radiant Temperature and Outdoor Mean Radiant Temperature
32(1)
3.4.2 Relative Humidity
32(2)
3.4.3 Analyzing Wind
34(2)
3.4.4 Bringing Thermal Comfort Information Together: Universal Thermal Climate Index
36(1)
3.5 Site Conditions in Relation to Contextual Visual Connections
36(5)
3.5.7 Thelsovist
36(5)
3.5.2 Visibility Percent Analysis
41(1)
3.6 Site Conditions in Relation to Slope
41(6)
3.6.7 Slope
41(3)
3.6.2 Basic Even Subdivision of Surfaces
44(1)
3.6.3 Visualizing a Site's Slope Condition
45(2)
3.7 Using Site Analysis Findings to Inform Conceptual Development
47(1)
Chapter 04 Conceptual and Preliminary Development: Formal Explorations and Iterations With Parametric Methods
48(27)
4.1 Parametric Tools in Form Exploration for Conceptual and Preliminary Development
48(15)
4.7.7 Parametrically Creating and Editing Irregular Shapes and Surfaces: NURBS Geometries
49(7)
4.1.2 Parametrically Creating and Editing Irregular SubD Geometries: Meshes
56(7)
4.2 Parametric Tools in Analyzing Contextual Relationships to Support Preliminary Development
63(12)
Chapter 05 Spatial Organization and Visibility Analysis Using Parametric Methods
75(11)
5.1 Visibility Analyses in Design Development
75(8)
5.7.7 Basic Two-Dimensional Visibility Analysis for Interiors
75(1)
5.7.2 Basic Interspatial Visibility Analysis Using Grasshopper's Native "Isovist" Component for Building Interiors
76(5)
5.7.3 Representing Space and Movement in Visibility Analysis: The Minkowski Model
81(2)
5.2 Spatial Organization Analysis in Design Development
83(3)
5.2.1 Basic Definitions in Space Syntax Methods
83(3)
Chapter 06 Skin Systems: Repetition, Subdividing Geometries, and Paneling Approaches
86(33)
6.1 Surface Subdivision
87(6)
6.1.1 Subdividing Complex Surfaces Creating Straight Edges for Simplified Subsurfaces
91(1)
6.1.2 Subdividing Complex Surfaces with Commonly Utilized Plug-ins
92(1)
6.2 Relationships with Daylight: Direct Sun Hours Analysis of Building Components
93(16)
6.2.1 Direct Sun Hours Analysis of Building Components
93(1)
6.2.2 Preliminary Interpretations of the Results of Direct Sun Hours Analysis: Designing Parametric Facade Screen Systems to Balance Direct Sun Hours
94(15)
6.3 Other Repetition and Paneling Approaches to / Subdividing Surfaces
109(5)
6.4 Repetition and Paneling Approaches Subdividing Complex Geometries
114(1)
6.5 Populating Complex Surfaces with Predesigned Units: Repeating Modular Units on Complex Surfaces
115(1)
6.6 Populating Complex Surfaces with Predesigned Units: Repeating Modular Units on Complex Surfaces to Avoid Distortion
115(3)
6.7 Conclusion
118(1)
Note
118(1)
Chapter 07 Evolutionary Applications: Using Parametric Applications to Generate, Analyze, and Select Design Iterations
119(28)
7.1 Evolutionary Applications: Background
119(1)
7.2 The Solution Process
120(2)
7.2.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Evolutionary Solvers
121(1)
7.3 Single-Objective Optimization
122(4)
7.4 Evolutionary Solvers in Architecture: Single Objective Optimization Examples
126(5)
7.4.1 Identifying the Orientation of Workspaces to Minimize Direct Sun Access and Glare
126(2)
7.4.2 Identifying the Building Orientation That Allows Maximum Access to Desired Views
128(2)
7.4.3 Identifying the Highest Visibility Point for Multiple Storefronts for a Commercial Space
130(1)
7.5 Multi-objective Optimization
131(4)
7.5.1 Defining a Multi-objective Optimization Problem
132(1)
7.5.2 The Optimization Procedure
133(1)
7.5.3 Interpreting Findings
133(2)
7.6 Evolutionary Solvers in Architecture: Multi-objective Optimization Examples
135(12)
7.6.1 Optimizing Building Orientation to Minimize Energy Consumption
135(5)
7.6.2 Optimizing Views and Square Footage to Increase Real Estate Value
140(7)
Chapter 08 Parametric Methods for Introductory Environmental Performance Analyses
147(19)
8.1 Architectural Design and Energy
147(2)
8.1.1 Architecture 2030
148(1)
8.1.2 Energy Use Intensity
148(1)
8.1.3 Surface Area to Volume Ratio
149(1)
8.2 Parametric Methods for Analyzing Energy Use Implications
149(11)
8.2.1 EUI: Basic Simulation Using Ladybug, Honeybee, and Honeybee Energy
149(3)
8.2.2 EUI: Multiple Building Use Zone Simulation Using Ladybug, Honeybee, and Honeybee Energy
152(5)
8.2.3 Looking into EUI With a Louver System
157(1)
8.2.4 Surface Area to Volume Ratio (SA/V) as It Relates to EUI
158(2)
8.3 Architectural Design and Daylight
160(1)
8.3.1 Spatial Daylight Autonomy (SDA)
161(1)
8.4 Parametric Methods for Analyzing Lighting and Energy Use Implications
161(4)
8.4.1 Looking into SDA With a Louver System
163(2)
8.5 Measuring Building Environmental Performance Using "Ladybug Tools": Observations
165(1)
Chapter 09 Practical Matters: Parametric Methods and Digital Fabrication for Architectural Model Making
166(21)
9.1 Cutting Operations and Parametric Methods in Architectural Modeling
168(7)
9.1.1 Laser Cutting
168(3)
9.1.2 Plasma Cutting
171(1)
9.1.3 Waterjet Cutting
172(1)
9.1.4 Time-Saving Model Building Strategies Using Parametric Methods with Cutting Operations in Mind
172(3)
9.2 Additive Techniques: Three-Dimensional Printing
175(5)
9.2.1 Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing Basics
178(2)
9.2.2 FDM 3D Printing in the Architectural Design Process
180(1)
9.3 Subtractive Techniques
180(4)
9.3.1 Basic CNC Milling Steps
182(2)
9.4 Mixing and Matching Methods and Materials: Digital Fabrication Techniques and Architectural Model Building Materials
184(2)
9.4.1 Representing the Site
184(1)
9.4.2 Representing the Structural System and Slabs
184(1)
9.4.3 Representing Vertical Circulation Elements
185(1)
9.4.4 Representing Fagade Materials
185(1)
9.4.5 Entourage
185(1)
9.5 Possible Developments: Parametric Methods, Digital Fabrication, and the Future of Architectural Model Making
186(1)
Chapter 10 Recontextualizing Parametric Methods in Architecture: Routes for Further Development
187(8)
10.1 Contributions of Parametric Methods in the Architectural Design Process
187(4)
10.1.1 Contributions to Development, Analysis, and Manipulation of Complex Geometries
188(1)
10.1.2 Contributions by Bringing in Empirical Approaches and Methods into the Architectural Design Process
188(1)
10.1.3 Decreasing the Number of Third-Party Software and Streamlining the Design Process
189(1)
10.1.4 Time- and Effort-Saving Optimization Techniques in Design Decision-making: Evolutionary Solvers
189(1)
10.1.5 Advances in Digital Fabrication Methods and Tools
190(1)
10.2 Computer-Aided Design, Parametric Design, Digital Fabrication, and Emerging Concerns in Architectural Design
191(2)
10.3 Parametric Futures
193(2)
10.3.1 Stronger Connections Between Design Disciplines and Basic Science
193(1)
10.3.2 Key Skills Remain Crucial
193(1)
10.3.3 Architects and Designers Mastering Data Management
194(1)
10.3.4 Looking into the Future
194(1)
References 195(3)
Index 198
Umut Toker is a Professor of Architecture in the College of Architecture and Environmental Design at California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo. Umut received his PhD from North Carolina State University School of Architecture, College of Design. He holds Bachelor of Architecture and Master of Urban Design degrees from Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. Umuts research and scholarship has been published in journals such as the Journal of Architectural and Planning Research, Research Policy, and METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture. In 2012, his book on community design methods, Making Community Design Work, was published.