| Preface |
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ix | |
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PART I THE PATTERNS OF SPEECH |
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1 Speech as Patterns on Paper |
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3 | (48) |
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3 | (3) |
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Past Attempts at Spectrogram Reading |
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6 | (4) |
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10 | (5) |
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15 | (14) |
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29 | (13) |
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42 | (9) |
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2 Speech as Patterns in Time |
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51 | (22) |
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Development of a Tactile Aid to Speech Reception |
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54 | (4) |
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Relational Cues in Temporal Fine-Structure |
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58 | (8) |
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Development of a Pitch Meter |
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66 | (4) |
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70 | (3) |
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3 Speech at Patterns in the 3-Space of Time and Frequency |
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73 | (30) |
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73 | (4) |
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System Design and Performance |
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77 | (11) |
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Filter Bandwidths to Match the Properties of Speech |
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88 | (9) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (5) |
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4 Property-Detecting Mechanisms and Eclectic Processors |
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103 | (12) |
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108 | (7) |
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PART II UNDERSTANDING SPOKEN LANGUAGE |
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5 Misperceptions of Fluent Speech |
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115 | (18) |
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115 | (2) |
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Misperceptions of Fluent Speech |
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117 | (11) |
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Implications of the Data for Fluent Speech Perception |
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128 | (2) |
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130 | (3) |
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6 A Model of Speech Perception |
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133 | (32) |
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Assumption 1 Words Are Recognized Through the Interaction of Sound and Knowledge |
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136 | (7) |
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Assumption 2 Speech Is Processed Word by Word |
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143 | (6) |
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Assumption 3 Words Are Accessed from the Sounds that Begin Them |
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149 | (3) |
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Assumption 4 A Word Is Recognized When the Sequential Analysis of Its Acoustic Structure Eliminates All Word Candidates But One |
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152 | (3) |
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155 | (6) |
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161 | (4) |
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7 Deciphering Decoding Decisions: Data and Devices |
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165 | (36) |
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The Lexicon and Its Access Codes |
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166 | (5) |
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171 | (14) |
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185 | (7) |
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Resource Allocation: The Executive |
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192 | (4) |
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196 | (5) |
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8 Analyzing Spoken and Written Language |
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201 | (14) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (3) |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (6) |
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PART III MACHINE-MOTIVATED MODELS |
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9 Machine Models of Speech Perception |
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215 | (28) |
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215 | (2) |
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217 | (10) |
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227 | (9) |
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236 | (4) |
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240 | (3) |
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10 Speech Perception: A Model of Acoustic-Phonetic Analysis and Lexical Access |
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243 | (46) |
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243 | (3) |
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246 | (5) |
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Scriber: A Proposed Solution to Automatic Phonetic Analysis |
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251 | (9) |
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LAFS: A Proposed Solution to the Problem of Lexical Access |
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260 | (6) |
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Implications for Models of Speech Perception |
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266 | (7) |
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273 | (16) |
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11 Harpy, Production Systems, and Human Cognition |
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289 | (92) |
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289 | (3) |
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The Production System Architecture |
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292 | (12) |
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Sufficiency Analysis of Harpy |
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304 | (14) |
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Harpy as a Production System: Preliminary Analysis |
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318 | (17) |
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The Representation of Intensity |
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335 | (8) |
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Harpy as a Production System: Final Version |
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343 | (19) |
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362 | (10) |
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372 | (9) |
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12 Copycat Science or Does the mind really work by table look-up? |
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381 | (18) |
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382 | (3) |
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On Newell, on Klatt, and on Reddy |
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385 | (6) |
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391 | (3) |
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394 | (5) |
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PART IV PRODUCTION OF FLUENT SPEECH |
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13 Syntactic Coding of Fundamental Frequency In Speech Production |
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399 | (42) |
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403 | (4) |
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407 | (17) |
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424 | (4) |
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Blocking of Cross-Word F0 Effects |
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428 | (7) |
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Implications for Perception and Speech Synthesis |
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435 | (2) |
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Implications for Speech Recognition by Machine |
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437 | (1) |
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437 | (4) |
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14 Performing Transformations |
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441 | (28) |
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A Direct Realization Model of Speech Production |
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442 | (16) |
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Evaluating an Alternative Model |
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458 | (6) |
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Further Evidence for the DRM |
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464 | (3) |
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467 | (2) |
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15 The Latency and Duration of Rapid Movement Sequences: Comparisons of Speech and Typewriting |
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469 | (38) |
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469 | (7) |
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476 | (7) |
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Hypotheses About the Latency Effect |
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483 | (5) |
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Elaboration of the Sequence-Preparation Hypotheses |
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488 | (1) |
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Analysis of the Duration Function |
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489 | (4) |
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An Experiment on Typewriting |
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493 | (5) |
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Summary of Findings and a Tentative Model for the Latency and Duration of Rapid Movement Sequences |
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498 | (9) |
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16 Motor Programs in Rapid Speech: Additional Evidence |
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507 | (28) |
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507 | (2) |
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Reciting of Letter and Digit Lists Following a Randomly Varied Foreperiod |
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509 | (1) |
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Effects of Time Uncertainty on Latency and Duration Functions |
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510 | (2) |
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Effects of List Length on the Distribution of Utterance Latencies |
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512 | (2) |
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Test of a Physiological Hypothesis About the Latency Effect by Measurement of Initial Fundamental Frequency |
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514 | (4) |
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Effects of Utterance Length and Serial Position on Fundamental Frequency: The Declination Effect in Rapid Speech |
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518 | (2) |
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The Effect of Serial Position on the Interword Interval |
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520 | (3) |
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Localization Within Words of the Effects of Utterance Length and Serial Position |
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523 | (5) |
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The Timing of Utterances Composed of Words Versus Nonwords, and the Role of Lexical Memory in Rapid Speech |
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528 | (7) |
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17 How to Win at Twenty Questions with Nature |
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535 | (14) |
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535 | (5) |
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540 | (7) |
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547 | (2) |
| Author Index |
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549 | (8) |
| Subject Index |
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557 | |
