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Permanent Magnet Motor Technology: Design and Applications, Third Edition 3rd edition [Kõva köide]

(University of Technology and Life Sciences, Bydgoszcz, Poland)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 630 pages, kõrgus x laius: 229x152 mm, kaal: 1330 g, 54 Tables, black and white; 328 Illustrations, black and white
  • Sari: Electrical and Computer Engineering
  • Ilmumisaeg: 26-Aug-2009
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1420064401
  • ISBN-13: 9781420064407
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Hardback, 630 pages, kõrgus x laius: 229x152 mm, kaal: 1330 g, 54 Tables, black and white; 328 Illustrations, black and white
  • Sari: Electrical and Computer Engineering
  • Ilmumisaeg: 26-Aug-2009
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1420064401
  • ISBN-13: 9781420064407
Teised raamatud teemal:
The importance of permanent magnet (PM) motor technology and its impact on electromechanical drives has grown exponentially since the publication of the bestselling second edition. The PM brushless motor market has grown considerably faster than the overall motion control market. This rapid growth makes it essential for electrical and electromechanical engineers and students to stay up-to-date on developments in modern electrical motors and drives, including their control, simulation, and CAD.

Reflecting innovations in the development of PM motors for electromechanical drives, Permanent Magnet Motor Technology: Design and Applications, Third Edition demonstrates the construction of PM motor drives and supplies ready-to-implement solutions to common roadblocks along the way. This edition supplies fundamental equations and calculations for determining and evaluating system performance, efficiency, reliability, and cost. It explores modern computer-aided design of PM motors, including the finite element approach, and explains how to select PM motors to meet the specific requirements of electrical drives. The numerous examples, models, and diagrams provided in each chapter facilitate a lucid understanding of motor operations and characteristics.

This 3rd edition of a bestselling reference has been thoroughly revised to include:











Chapters on high speed motors and micromotors





Advances in permanent magnet motor technology





Additional numerical examples and illustrations





An increased effort to bridge the gap between theory and industrial applications





Modified research results

The growing global trend toward energy conservation makes it quite possible that the era of the PM brushless motor drive is just around the corner. This reference book will give engineers, researchers, and graduate-level students the comprehensive understanding required to develop the breakthroughs that will push this exciting technology to the forefront.
Preface to the Third Edition xv
Introduction
1(44)
Permanent magnet versus electromagnetic excitation
1(1)
Permanent magnet motor drives
2(8)
d.c. commutator motor drives
4(2)
Synchronous motor drives
6(3)
PM d.c. brushless motor drives
9(1)
Stepping motor drives
9(1)
Toward increasing the motor efficiency
10(3)
Classification of permanent magnet electric motors
13(2)
Trends in permanent magnet motors and drives industry
15(3)
Applications of permanent magnet motors
18(8)
Mechatronics
26(1)
Fundamentals of mechanics of machines
27(4)
Torque and power
27(1)
Simple gear trains
28(1)
Efficiency of a gear train
28(1)
Equivalent moment of inertia
29(1)
Rotor dynamics
29(2)
Mechanical characteristics of machines
31(1)
Torque balance equation
31(1)
Evaluation of cost of a permanent magnet motor
31(14)
Numerical examples
33(12)
Permanent Magnet Materials and Circuits
45(44)
Demagnetization curve and magnetic parameters
45(6)
Early history of permanent magnets
51(1)
Properties of permanent magnets
51(9)
Alnico
52(1)
Ferrites
53(1)
Rare-earth permanent magnets
54(4)
Corrosion and chemical reactivity
58(1)
Market issues
59(1)
Approximation of demagnetization curve and recoil line
60(1)
Operating diagram
61(8)
Construction of the operating diagram
61(3)
Operating point for magnetization without armature
64(3)
Operating point for magnetization with armature
67(1)
Magnets with different demagnetization curves
68(1)
Permeances for main and leakage fluxes
69(8)
Permeance evaluation by flux plotting
69(1)
Permeance evaluation by dividing the magnetic field into simple solids
69(8)
Calculation of leakage permeances for prisms and cylinders located in an open space
77(1)
Calculation of magnetic circuits with permanent magnets
77(2)
Mallinson-Halbach array and Halbach cylinder
79(10)
Numerical examples
80(9)
Finite Element Analysis
89(30)
Gradient, divergence and curl
89(1)
Biot-Savart, Faraday's, and Gauss's laws
90(2)
Biot-Savart law
91(1)
Faraday's law
92(1)
Gauss's law
92(1)
Gauss's theorem
92(1)
Stokes' theorem
93(1)
Maxwell's equations
93(2)
First Maxwell's equation
93(1)
Second Maxwell's equation
94(1)
Third Maxwell's equation
95(1)
Fourth Maxwell's equation
95(1)
Magnetic vector potential
95(1)
Energy functionals
96(2)
Finite element formulation
98(4)
Boundary conditions
102(1)
Dirichlet boundary conditions
102(1)
Neumann boundary conditions
102(1)
Interconnection boundary conditions
103(1)
Mesh generation
103(1)
Forces and torques in an electromagnetic field
104(2)
Maxwell stress tensor
104(1)
Co-energy method
105(1)
Lorentz force theorem
106(1)
Inductances
106(4)
Definitions
106(1)
Dynamic inductances
106(1)
Steady-state inductance
107(1)
Reactances of synchronous machines
108(1)
Synchronous reactances
108(1)
Armature reaction reactances
109(1)
Leakage reactance
110(1)
Interactive FEM programs
110(9)
Pre-processor
111(1)
Solver
111(1)
Post-processor
112(1)
Numerical examples
112(7)
Permanent Magnet d.c. Commutator Motors
119(52)
Construction
119(10)
Slotted-rotor PM d.c. motors
123(1)
Slotless-rotor PM motors
123(1)
Moving-coil cylindrical motors
124(5)
Disk motors
129(1)
Fundamental equations
129(7)
Terminal voltage
129(1)
Armature winding EMF
130(1)
Electromagnetic (developed) torque
131(1)
Electromagnetic power
131(1)
Rotor and commutator linear speed
131(1)
Input and output power
132(1)
Losses
132(2)
Pole pitch
134(1)
Air gap magnetic flux density
134(1)
Armature line current density
134(1)
Armature winding current density
134(1)
Armature winding resistance
135(1)
Armature winding inductance
135(1)
Mechanical time constant
136(1)
Sizing procedure
136(3)
Armature reaction
139(5)
Commutation
144(3)
Starting
147(1)
Speed control
148(3)
Armature terminal-voltage speed control
149(1)
Armature rheostat speed control
150(1)
Shunt-field control
150(1)
Chopper variable-voltage speed control
150(1)
Servo motors
151(1)
Magnetic circuit
152(5)
MMF per pole
153(1)
Air gap permeance
154(1)
Leakage permeances
154(3)
Applications
157(14)
Toys
157(1)
Car starters
157(1)
Underwater vehicles
158(2)
Linear actuators
160(1)
Wheelchairs
161(2)
Mars robotic vehicles
163(1)
Numerical examples
164(7)
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
171(56)
Construction
171(2)
Fundamental relationships
173(7)
Speed
173(1)
Air gap magnetic flux density
173(1)
Voltage induced (EMF)
174(1)
Armature line current density and current density
175(1)
Electromagnetic power
175(1)
Synchronous reactance
176(1)
Subtransient synchronous reactance
176(1)
Transient synchronous reactance
176(1)
Electromagnetic (developed) torque
177(1)
Form factor of the excitation field
178(1)
Form factors of the armature reaction
178(1)
Reaction factor
179(1)
Equivalent field MMF
179(1)
Armature reaction reactance
180(1)
Phasor diagram
180(5)
Characteristics
185(2)
Starting
187(2)
Asynchronous starting
187(2)
Starting by means of an auxiliary motor
189(1)
Frequency-change starting
189(1)
Reactances
189(6)
Analytical approach
190(4)
FEM
194(1)
Experimental method
194(1)
Rotor configurations
195(3)
Merrill's rotor
195(1)
Interior-type PM motors
196(1)
Surface PM motors
196(1)
Inset-type PM rotor
196(1)
Buried PM motors
196(2)
Comparison between synchronous and induction motors
198(2)
Sizing procedure and main dimensions
200(2)
Performance calculation
202(1)
Dynamic model of a PM motor
203(2)
Noise and vibration of electromagnetic origin
205(6)
Radial forces
205(4)
Deformation of the stator core
209(2)
Natural frequencies of the stator
211(1)
Applications
211(16)
Open loop control
211(1)
High-performance closed-loop control
212(1)
High-performance adaptive fuzzy control
213(1)
Numerical examples
214(13)
d.c. Brushless Motors
227(78)
Fundamental equations
227(4)
Terminal voltage
227(1)
Instantaneous current
228(1)
EMF
228(1)
Inverter a.c. output voltage
229(1)
d.c. bus voltage of a controlled rectifier
229(1)
Electromagnetic torque
230(1)
Electromagnetic torque of a synchronous motor
230(1)
Electromagnetic torque of a PM brushless d.c. motor
230(1)
Linear and rotational speed of brushless motors
230(1)
Concentrated-coil armature winding
231(1)
Commutation of PM brushless motors
231(4)
Unipolar-driven PM brushless motor
231(2)
Bipolar-driven PM brushless motor, two phases on
233(2)
Bipolar-driven PM brushless motor, three phases on
235(1)
EMF and torque of PM brushless motors
235(7)
Synchronous motor
235(4)
PM d.c. brushless motors
239(3)
Torque-speed characteristics
242(1)
Winding losses
243(1)
Torque ripple
244(16)
Sources of torque pulsations
246(1)
Numerical methods of instantaneous torque calculation
246(1)
Analytical methods of instantaneous torque calculation
246(11)
Minimization of torque ripple
257(3)
Rotor position sensing of d.c. brushless motors
260(5)
Hall sensors
260(2)
Encoders
262(3)
Resolvers
265(1)
Sensorless motors
265(2)
Motion control of PM brushless motors
267(6)
Converter-fed motors
267(2)
Servo amplifiers
269(1)
Microcontrollers
269(3)
DSP control
272(1)
Universal brushless motor electromechanical drives
273(5)
Smart motors
278(2)
Applications
280(25)
Electric and hybrid electric vehicles
280(3)
Variable-speed cooling fans
283(1)
Computer hard disk drives
284(1)
CD players
285(5)
Factory automation
290(1)
X-Y tables
291(1)
Space mission tools
292(1)
Numerical examples
292(13)
Axial Flux Motors
305(36)
Force and torque
305(2)
Performance
307(1)
Double-sided motor with internal PM disk rotor
307(4)
Stator core
308(2)
Main dimensions
310(1)
Double-sided motor with one stator
311(5)
Single-sided motors
316(1)
Ironless double-sided motors
316(3)
Multidisk motors
319(3)
Applications
322(19)
Electric vehicles
322(4)
Gearless elevator propulsion system
326(1)
Propulsion of unmanned submarines
326(1)
Counterrotating rotor ship propulsion system
326(1)
Numerical examples
327(14)
High Power Density Brushless Motors
341(62)
Design considerations
341(2)
Requirements
343(1)
Multiphase motors
344(2)
Fault-tolerant PM brushless machines
346(1)
Surface PM versus salient-pole rotor
347(1)
Electromagnetic effects
348(5)
Armature reaction
348(1)
Damper
349(2)
Winding losses in large motors
351(2)
Minimization of losses
353(1)
Cooling
353(2)
Construction of motors with cylindrical rotors
355(9)
Motor with reduced armature reaction
355(1)
Motors with modular stators
356(4)
Study of large PM motors with different rotor configurations
360(4)
Construction of motors with disk rotors
364(1)
Transverse flux motors
364(9)
Principle of operation
364(3)
EMF and electromagnetic torque
367(2)
Armature winding resistance
369(1)
Armature reaction and leakage reactance
369(2)
Magnetic circuit
371(1)
Advantages and disadvantages
372(1)
Applications
373(30)
Ship propulsion
373(3)
Submarine propulsion
376(2)
Hybrid electric transit bus
378(2)
Light rail system
380(3)
Numerical examples
383(20)
High Speed Motors
403(34)
Why high speed motors?
403(1)
Mechanical requirements
404(2)
Construction of high speed PM brushless motors
406(5)
Design of high speed PM brushless motors
411(2)
Ultra high speed motors
413(2)
Applications
415(22)
High speed aerospace drives
415(2)
High speed spindle drives
417(2)
Flywheel energy storage
419(3)
Dental handpieces
422(3)
Sheep shearing handpieces
425(2)
Numerical examples
427(10)
Brushless Motors of Special Construction
437(20)
Single-phase motors
437(7)
Single-phase two-pole motors
437(3)
Single-phase multi-pole motors
440(2)
Single-phase cost-effective PM brushless motors
442(2)
Actuators for automotive applications
444(2)
Integrated starter-generator
446(2)
Large diameter motors
448(1)
Three-axis torque motor
449(1)
Slotless motors
450(2)
Tip driven fan motors
452(5)
Numerical examples
452(5)
Stepping Motors
457(28)
Features of stepping motors
457(1)
Fundamental equations
458(1)
Step
458(1)
Steady-state torque
458(1)
Maximum synchronizing torque
459(1)
Frequency of the rotor oscillations
459(1)
PM stepping motors
459(2)
Reluctance stepping motors
461(2)
Hybrid stepping motors
463(7)
Full stepping
464(1)
Half stepping
465(1)
Microstepping
466(1)
Practical hybrid motor
467(2)
Bipolar and unipolar motors
469(1)
Motion control of stepping motors
470(1)
PM stepping motors with rotor position transducers
471(1)
Single-phase stepping motors
472(1)
Voltage equations and electromagnetic torque
473(2)
Characteristics
475(2)
Torque-angle characteristics
475(1)
Torque-current characteristics
475(1)
Torque-frequency characteristics
476(1)
Applications
477(8)
Numerical examples
480(5)
Micromotors
485(20)
What is a micromotor?
485(1)
Permanent magnet brushless micromotors
486(9)
Cylindrical micromotors
486(5)
Fabrication of magnetic micromotors with planar coils
491(1)
Disk-type micromotors
492(3)
Applications
495(10)
Motorized catheters
495(1)
Capsule endoscopy
496(2)
Numerical examples
498(7)
Optimization
505(18)
Mathematical formulation of optimization problem
506(1)
Nonlinear programming methods
507(3)
Direct search methods
507(1)
Stochastic methods
508(1)
Gradient methods
509(1)
Constrained optimization techniques
509(1)
Population-based incremental learning
510(2)
Response surface methodology
512(1)
Response surface designs
512(1)
Estimation of errors in response surface fitting
513(1)
Modern approach to optimization of PM motors
513(10)
PM d.c. commutator motors
514(2)
PM synchronous motors
516(1)
Numerical examples
517(6)
Maintenance
523(36)
Basic requirements for electric motors
523(1)
Reliability
524(4)
Failures of electric motors
528(3)
Calculation of reliability of small PM brushless motors
531(2)
Vibration and noise
533(8)
Generation and radiation of sound
534(3)
Mechanical model
537(1)
Electromagnetic vibration and noise
537(1)
Mechanical vibration and noise
538(1)
Aerodynamic noise
539(1)
d.c. commutator motors
539(1)
PM synchronous motors
540(1)
Reduction of noise
540(1)
Condition monitoring
541(2)
Protection
543(4)
Electromagnetic and radio frequency interference
547(5)
Brush motors
548(2)
Electronically commutated brushless motors
550(2)
Lubrication
552(7)
Bearings
552(1)
Lubrication of rolling bearings
553(1)
Lubrication of porous metal bearings
554(2)
Numerical examples
556(3)
Appendix A Leakage Inductance of a.c. Stator Windings
559(6)
A.1 Stator winding factor
559(1)
A.2 Slot leakage permeance
560(2)
A.3 End winding connection leakage permeance
562(1)
A.4 Differential leakage permeance
563(1)
A.5 Tooth-top leakage permeance
563(1)
A.6 Leakage reactance per phase
564(1)
Appendix B Losses in a.c. Motors
565(12)
B.1 Armature winding losses
565(2)
B.2 Armature core losses
567(1)
B.3 Rotor core losses
568(1)
B.4 Core loss FEM model
568(1)
B.5 Losses in conductive retaining sleeves
569(1)
B.6 Losses in permanent magnets of brushless motors
570(1)
B.7 Rotational losses
571(1)
B.8 Windage losses in high speed motors
572(2)
B.9 Losses due to higher time harmonics
574(3)
Symbols and Abbreviations 577(8)
References 585(16)
Index 601
Professor Jacek F. Gieras, IEEE Fellow