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Phased-Array Radar Design: Application of radar fundamentals [Kõva köide]

  • Formaat: Hardback, 341 pages, kõrgus x laius: 241x191 mm
  • Sari: Radar, Sonar and Navigation
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Jun-2009
  • Kirjastus: SciTech Publishing Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1891121693
  • ISBN-13: 9781891121692
Teised raamatud teemal:
Phased-Array Radar Design: Application of radar fundamentalsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 341 pages, kõrgus x laius: 241x191 mm
  • Sari: Radar, Sonar and Navigation
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Jun-2009
  • Kirjastus: SciTech Publishing Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1891121693
  • ISBN-13: 9781891121692
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781891121692.html
Märksõnad:
Phased-Array Radar Design is a text-reference designed for electrical engineering graduate students in colleges and universities as well as for corporate in-house training programs for radar design engineers, especially systems engineers and analysts who would like to gain hands-on, practical knowledge and skills in radar design fundamentals, advanced radar concepts, trade-offs for radar design and radar performance analysis.



This book is a concise yet complete treatment of the relationship between mission-level requirements and specific hardware and software requirements and capabilities. Although focusing on surface-based radars, the material is general enough to serve as a useful addition to books currently available for this purpose. It covers all phases of design and development, including the development of initial concepts and overall system requirements, system architecture, hardware and software subsystem requirements, detailed algorithms and system integration and test. This book provides a wealth of information rarely covered in one book. It is unique in that it provides a hands on and how to perspective on applying radar theory to design and analysis. Rather than being a theory and derivations-type, this book is applications-oriented making it different from other published works on this subject.
Preface xiii
Abbreviations xix
Radar Fundamentals
1(32)
Introduction
1(1)
Search and Track Functions
1(1)
Target Detection, Resolution, and Clutter Concepts
2(4)
Target Detection
2(2)
Radar Resolution
4(1)
Clutter Backscatter
5(1)
Surveillance Radars
6(1)
Volume Search
7(1)
Radar Block Diagram
7(2)
Radar Range Equation
9(8)
Jamming Effects on Signal-to-Noise Ratio
11(2)
Other Forms of the Radar Range Equation
13(1)
Radar Range Equation for Volume Search
13(2)
Radar Range Equation for Horizon Fence Search
15(1)
Radar Range Equation for Tracking
16(1)
Radar Range Equation Summary
17(1)
Detection in Noise
17(8)
Target Models
19(1)
Detection and False Alarm Probabilities
20(1)
Detection in Thermal Noise
21(1)
Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) Processors
22(1)
Detection in Clutter
23(2)
Resolution and Measurement Accuracy
25(3)
Tracking Radars and the Monopulse Technique
28(1)
Track-While-Scan Radars
28(1)
References
29(1)
Problems
30(3)
Target Detection
33(22)
Introduction
33(1)
Target Radio Frequency (RF) Scattering Models
34(2)
Target Detection in Noise
36(4)
Target Detection in Clutter
40(7)
Multiple-Pulse Detection
47(8)
Binary Integration
48(1)
Non-Coherent Integration
48(1)
Coherent Integration
49(6)
Waveforms, Matched Filtering, and Radar Signal Processing
55(30)
Introduction
55(1)
Complex-Waveform Representations
56(1)
Fourier Transforms
57(1)
Matching Filtering
58(5)
Waveform Ambiguity Diagram
63(1)
The Fast Fourier Transform
63(2)
Digital Implementation of Matched Filters
65(3)
Phase-Coded Waveforms
68(1)
Waveform Scheduling
69(1)
Waveforms and Radar Functions
70(1)
Other Radar Signal Processing Functions
71(9)
Constant False Alarm Rate Processing
71(7)
Monopulse Processing
78(2)
References
80(1)
Problems
81(4)
Search and Acquisition Functions
85(12)
Introduction
85(1)
Types of Searches
86(8)
Volume Search
86(3)
Horizon Search Fence
89(2)
Cued Search
91(2)
Multiple-Beam Search
93(1)
Acquisition Waveforms and Processing
94(1)
References
95(1)
Problems
95(2)
Estimation, Tracking, and Data Association
97(28)
Introduction
97(1)
Parameter Estimation for Radar
98(1)
The Radar Tracking Function
99(2)
Coordinate Systems
101(1)
Types of Tracking Filters
101(12)
Fixed-Gain Filters
101(1)
Computed-Gain Filters
102(1)
Kalman Filters
102(8)
Interacting Multiple-Model Filters
110(3)
Data Association Algorithms
113(5)
Nearest Neighbor
113(1)
Probabilistic Data Association
114(1)
Joint Probabilistic Data Association
115(1)
Nearest-Neighbor Joint Probabilistic Data Association
115(1)
Multiple-Hypothesis Track
116(1)
Other Assignment Algorithms
116(2)
Tracking Air Targets
118(1)
Tracking Ballistic Missile Targets
119(5)
Tracking Surface Targets
124(1)
References
124(1)
Target Classification, Discrimination, and Identification
125(14)
Introduction
125(2)
The Target Classification Problem
127(1)
Radar-Measured Target Features
127(1)
Waveforms and Signal Processing
128(1)
Classification, Discrimination, and Identification Waveforms
128(1)
Signal Processing
128(1)
Feature Extraction
129(1)
Classifiers
130(5)
Bayes Classifier
130(2)
Dempster-Shafer Classifier
132(1)
Decision Tree Classifiers
133(1)
Rule-Based Classifiers
133(2)
Compound Classifiers
135(1)
Classification of Air Targets
135(1)
Classification of Ballistic Missile Targets
136(1)
Hit or Kill Assessment
137(1)
Performance Prediction
137(1)
References
138(1)
Data Processing Algorithms for Phased-Array Radars
139(46)
Introduction
139(1)
Data and Signal Processing Algorithms
140(44)
Resource Planning and Radar Scheduling Algorithms
141(1)
Resource Management
141(1)
Radar Scheduler
142(3)
Search and Track Algorithms
145(1)
Search and Acquisition Functions
145(6)
Target Data Association
151(3)
Statistical Tracking Filters
154(3)
Classification, Discrimination, and Identification (CDI)
157(1)
Target Feature Extraction
157(2)
Target Classifiers
159(4)
Radar Hardware Control
163(1)
Waveform Control
163(1)
Antenna Steering Control
163(1)
Receive Control
164(1)
Radar Measurement Processing
164(1)
Amplitude and Phase Calibration
164(1)
Range Calibration
165(1)
Monopulse Calibration
165(1)
Channel-to-Channel Alignment
165(1)
Radar Cross Section Calibration
165(1)
Signal Processing
165(1)
Matched Filtering
166(1)
Detection Processing
167(3)
Monopulse Processing
170(1)
Coherent and Non-Coherent Integration
171(1)
Calibration and Alignment
171(1)
Built-In Calibration and Alignment
171(1)
Tracked Object-Based Calibration and Alignment
172(1)
Adaptive Processing
172(1)
Sidelobe Cancellers
173(1)
Adaptive Arrays
174(2)
Space-Time Adaptive Processing
176(1)
Digital Beam Forming
177(1)
Statistical Detection and Estimation
178(1)
Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test
179(3)
Statistical Estimation
182(2)
References
184(1)
Interference Suppression Techniques
185(16)
Introduction
185(1)
Electronic Interference Sources
186(1)
Unintentional Interference
186(1)
Intentional Interference Sources
186(1)
Sidelobe Noise Jammers
186(1)
Mainlobe and Repeater Jammers
187(1)
Electronic Protection or Counter-Counter Measures
187(10)
Sidelobe Blanker
187(1)
Sidelobe Canceller
188(2)
Multiple Sidelobe Canceller
190(2)
Adaptive Processing
192(1)
Digital Beam Forming
192(2)
Frequency Agility and Hopping
194(3)
Sector Blanking
197(1)
Problems
197(3)
Problem Statement
197(1)
Task Description
198(1)
Additional Information
199(1)
References
200(1)
Phased-Array Radar Architectures
201(32)
Introduction
201(1)
Antenna-Based Architectures
201(6)
Full Field-of-View Radars
202(1)
Limited Field-of-View Radars
203(2)
Digital Beam Former Radars
205(2)
Mechanically-Steered Phased-Array Radars
207(1)
Bandwidth-Based Architectures
207(5)
Narrowband Radars
207(3)
Wideband Radars
210(2)
Function-Based Radars
212(4)
Search Radars
212(1)
Track Radars
213(1)
Classification, Discrimination, and Identification Radars
214(1)
Missile Illumination Radars
215(1)
Multifunction Radars
216(1)
Scalable Radar Architectures
216(17)
Scalable Architecture Objectives
216(1)
Scalable Architecture Components
217(6)
Candidate Building Blocks for Scalable Radar Architectures
223(1)
Building Blocks
224(6)
Examples of Radars Synthesized from Architecture Building Blocks
230(1)
Wideband Full Field-of-View Radar
230(1)
Mechanically-Scanned Limited Field-of-View Radar
230(3)
Fundamental Radar Design Trade-Offs
233(24)
Introduction
233(2)
Operating Frequency Selection
235(7)
Volume Search
235(2)
Horizon Fence Search
237(1)
Tracking
238(1)
Target Classification and Discrimination
238(1)
Operating Environments
239(1)
Clutter
239(1)
Chaff
240(1)
Electronic Counter Measures
241(1)
Radar Applications
242(1)
Air Defense
242(1)
Missile Defense
242(1)
Early Warning
242(1)
Surface Target Search and Track
242(1)
Waveform Selection
242(3)
Clear Environments
242(1)
Search
242(1)
Track
243(1)
Target Classification and Discrimination
243(1)
Clutter Environments
244(1)
Search
244(1)
Track
245(1)
Target Classification and Discrimination
245(1)
Radar Coverage
245(1)
Range
245(1)
Angle
246(1)
Doppler
246(1)
Receiver Operating Characteristic Design
246(3)
Target Fluctuation Types
247(1)
Probabilities of False Alarm and Detection
247(1)
Coherent and Non-Coherent Integration
248(1)
Search Design
249(4)
Target Types, Fluctuation Models, and Dynamics
249(1)
Air Targets
249(1)
Surface Targets
250(1)
Search Fence versus Volumetric Search
250(1)
Coherent and Non-Coherent Integration
251(1)
Cumulative Probability Approach
251(1)
Single-Pulse Detection
252(1)
Binary Integration
252(1)
Non-Coherent Integration
252(1)
Coherent Integration
252(1)
Tracking Architecture and Parameter Selection
253(2)
Data Association Algorithm
253(1)
Tracking Filter and Target Model
253(1)
Air Targets
254(1)
Ballistic Missile Targets
254(1)
Target Classification
255(1)
References
256(1)
Performance-Driven Radar Requirements
257(20)
Introduction
257(1)
Radar Hardware Requirements
257(9)
Radar Range Equation-Driven Requirements
257(1)
Transmitter Peak Power
257(2)
Transmit and Receive Antenna Gains
259(1)
Noise Figure
259(1)
Environment-Driven Requirements
259(2)
Waveform-Driven Requirements
261(1)
Analog-to-Digital Converter Sampling Rate
261(1)
Clutter Cancellation-Driven Requirements
262(1)
Phase Noise
262(1)
Interference Cancellation-Driven Requirements
263(1)
Amplitude and Phase Errors
263(1)
Channel-to-Channel Alignment
264(1)
Processing Throughput
265(1)
Radar Processing Software Requirements
266(10)
Overview
266(1)
Mission Software
266(1)
Signal Processing Software
266(1)
Diagnostics and Test Software
266(1)
Simulation Software
267(1)
Track-Driven Requirements
267(1)
Track File Capacity
267(1)
Track Update Rate
268(1)
Data Association Capability
268(1)
Target Classification-Driven Requirements
269(1)
Target Classification Capability
269(1)
Target Feature Extraction Capability
270(1)
Signal Processing-Driven Requirements
270(1)
Signal Processing Throughput
270(1)
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) Sizes
270(1)
Constant False Alarm Rate Types
271(4)
Post-Detection Processing Capability
275(1)
References
276(1)
Missile Defense Radar Design Considerations
277(8)
Introduction
277(2)
Missile Defense Mission Parameters and Requirements
279(1)
Interceptor Capabilities and Support Requirements
280(1)
Defended Area
281(1)
Ballistic Missile Defense Radar Requirements
281(2)
Performance Evaluation and Design Validation
283(1)
References
284(1)
Early Warning Radar Design Considerations
285(8)
Introduction
285(2)
Early Warning Mission Parameters and Requirements
287(1)
Threat Warning and Attack Assessment
288(1)
EWR Requirements
288(1)
Performance Evaluation and Design Validation
289(2)
References
291(2)
Air Defense Radar Design Considerations
293(8)
Introduction
293(2)
Air Defense Mission Parameters and Requirements
295(1)
Interceptor Capabilities and Support Requirements
296(1)
Defended Area
297(1)
Air Defense Radar Requirements
297(1)
Performance Evaluation and Design Validation
298(1)
References
299(2)
Predicted Performance of Phased-Array Radars
301(16)
Introduction
301(1)
Functional Performance
302(13)
Target Detection
302(2)
Tracking
304(1)
Interference Suppression
305(3)
Clutter Cancellation
308(2)
Hardware Subsystems
310(1)
Range (Time) Sidelobes
310(1)
Channel-to-Channel Alignment
311(1)
Amplitude and Phase Errors
312(1)
Phase Noise
312(1)
Wideband Operation versus Subarray Size
313(2)
References
315(2)
Index 317(2)
About the Author 319
Tom Jeffrey has over thirty years of broad experience in radar systems engineering covering all phases of design and development. He has led systems engineering teams; developed systems engineering training programs as well as mentoring new systems engineers. The author has taught a number of radar-related courses at Raytheon Co. on basic and advanced radar, adaptive processing, architecting methods and served as an instructor for IDS for the Systems Engineering Technical Development Program. He is a senior member of the IEEE and a member of INCOSE. Additionally, Mr. Jeffrey has authored more than a dozen papers on various radar related topics. Mr. Jeffrey received his BSEEE from the University of Connecticut and MSEEE from Syracuse University. Currently, he is a senior engineering fellow at the Raytheon Integrated Defense Systems Business Unit.