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Pilot Protective Relaying [Kõva köide]

(ABB Power T&D Company, Inc., Coral Springs, Florida, USA)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 184 pages, kõrgus x laius: 276x219 mm, kaal: 500 g
  • Sari: Electrical and Computer Engineering
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Oct-1999
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0824781953
  • ISBN-13: 9780824781958
Teised raamatud teemal:
Pilot Protective RelayingSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 184 pages, kõrgus x laius: 276x219 mm, kaal: 500 g
  • Sari: Electrical and Computer Engineering
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Oct-1999
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0824781953
  • ISBN-13: 9780824781958
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780824781958.html
Märksõnad:
Covers the basic fundamentals of high-speed transmission line relaying without concentrating on the means of implementation. The ten chapters describe three-terminal applications, program design for microprocessor relays, protection of lines equipped with series capacitors, single-pole tripping, substation automation, the nature of intelligent electronic devices (IED), and digital fault recording and analysis. The collection is a companion volume to Protective Relaying Theory and Applications published in 1994. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Arvustused

"Since the author has stressed simplicity and root technology, this book is meant to serve relay and power engineers who desire to learn the fundamentals of protective relaying. Coupled with its companion text, Protective Relaying: Theory and Applications (1994, Marcel Dekker, Inc.), these two titles are excellent guides to the basic of modern protective relaying. " ---IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine "By illustrating numerous techniques for solving various surface analysis problems, this book can adequately serves as a reference text to the surface scientists, especially since [ it]...provide[ s] the researcher with various alternative methods to approaching and characterizing surface behavior." ---IEEE/Electrical Insulation, 2000

Preface iii Biographical Sketches xi Communication Fundamentals 1(8) Walter A. Elmore Introduction 1(1) Basic Equation 1(1) On-Off Signaling 1(1) Frequency Shift Keying 1(1) Pulse-Period Modulation 2(2) Phase Modulation 4(1) Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 4(1) Quadrature-Amplitude Modulation 5(4) General Comments 7(2) Current Differential Relaying 9(10) Walter A. Elmore Introduction 9(1) Pilot Wire Relaying 9(3) HCB Filter 10(2) HCB-1 Filter 12(1) Pilot Wire Protection 12(3) Current Differential Relaying 15(1) FCB 16(1) Microprocessor Implementation 16(1) T1 Carrier 16(1) Pilot Wire Supervision 16(1) Three-Terminal Applications 17(1) Summary 17(2) Pilot Channels for Protective Relaying 19(8) Walter A. Elmore Introduction 19(1) Types of Channels 19(1) Choice of Channels 19(1) Power Line Carrier 20(2) Modal Considerations 20(1) Typical Loss Profile 21(1) Use of Hybrids 22(1) Coaxial Cable 22(1) Tuners 22(1) Noise 22(1) Audio Tones 22(1) Microwave 23(1) Basic Microwave Configuration 23(1) Microwave Reflection 23(1) Multiplexing 23(1) Fiber-Optics 24(1) Pilot Wires 25(1) Additional Information 25(2) References 25(2) Transmission Line Pilot Relaying 27(22) Walter A. Elmore Introduction 27(1) Basic Pilot-Relaying Systems in Use 27(1) Phase-Comparison Relaying 28(4) On-Off Channel 28(1) Frequency-Shift Channel 28(1) Segregated-Phase Comparison 28(3) Evaluation of Phase-Comparison Systems 31(1) Current Differential Relaying 32(1) Directional-Comparison Relaying 32(6) Blocking Scheme 32(3) Transfer-Trip-Relaying 35(1) Other Systems 36(2) Problem Areas 38(9) Zero-Sequence Mutual 38(1) Current Transformer Saturation 39(3) Coupling Capacitor Voltage Transformer Transients 42(1) Channel Problems 43(1) Power System Swings 43(1) Three Terminal Lines 44(1) Evolving Faults 45(1) Stub Bus Faults 45(1) Large Load and Limited Fault Current 46(1) Table 4-1 47(2) Three-Terminal Line Protection 49(8) Walter A. Elmore Introduction 49(1) Types of Terminals 49(2) The Transformer Connection 49(1) Transformer Grounding 49(1) Generation at the Tap 50(1) Load at the Tap 50(1) Outfeed 51(1) Criteria for Relaying 51(1) Influence of the Load at the Tap 52(1) Three-Terminal Relaying 52(3) Nonpilot Schemes 52(1) Pilot Schemes 53(2) Conclusions 55(2) Program Design for Microprocessor Relays 57(28) Liancheng Wang Introduction 57(1) Orthogonal Signals 57(9) Orthogonal Signals in Distance Relays 57(1) Orthogonal Filter Pairs 58(8) Implicit (Torque-Like) Relay Algorithms 66(12) Phase Comparator, Magnitude Comparator, and Torque 66(9) Torque Computations 75(1) Torque Computations 75(1) Post-filters 76(2) Explicit (Impedance) Relay Algorithms 78(2) Symmetrical Component Filters 80(4) Phase Shift by Time-Delaying 81(1) Phase Shift by Orthogonal Signals 81(1) Two-Sample Phase Shifter 82(2) Summary 84(1) Series-Compensated Line Protection Philosophies 85(14) Walter A. Elmore Introduction 85(1) Background 85(1) Relaying Quantities Under Fault Conditions 86(5) Series Compensation 86(1) Negative Reactance Effect 86(1) Voltage Reversal 87(1) Zero Voltage Point 87(1) Current Direction 88(3) Speed of Transition 91(1) Distance Protection 91(1) Directional Comparison Protection 92(1) Directional Wave Protection 92(2) Phasor Differential 94(1) Phase-Comparison 95(1) Offset Keying 95(2) Importance of Combinations 97(1) Importance of Model Power system and EMTP Testing 97(1) Conclusions 97(2) Single-Pole Tripping 99(8) Walter A. Elmore Introduction 99(1) Single-Pole Tripping Concept 99(1) Difficult Problems 100(1) Equivalent Diagram 100(1) Stability 100(2) Selective Pole Relaying 102(1) Phase Selection 102(2) During Single Phasing 104(1) Trend 105(1) Conclusion 105(2) References 105(2) Substation Automation and Relay Communications 107(30) William J. Ackerman Introduction 107(1) Substation Automation and Driving Forces 107(1) Benefits of Intelligent Electronic Devices and Implementation Considerations 108(1) Protocols and Data 109(3) Substation Interface and Substation Automation Systems 112(1) Candidates for Automation 112(2) The Substation Automation System as a Corporate Data Source 114(1) Unanticipated Consequences of Substation Automation 115(3) Communication Within the Substation 118(1) Background of the Traditional Protective Relay 119(6) Peer-to-Peer and Multiple Master Communications 119(1) Token Ring Network 120(1) Collision-Sensing Multiple Access Networks 120(1) Unsolicited and Global Data Exchange 121(1) Implementation of the IED Network Interface 121(1) Application--A Fully Automated Power Restoration System 121(3) Application--Data Collection Performance on a High-Speed Network 124(1) Other Communications Issues 125(1) Communications Between Substations and Information Management Systems (IMS) 125(1) Leased Four-Wire Telephone Circuit 125(1) Dial-Up Telephone Circuit 125(1) Multiple Address System Radio (FCC Licensed) 125(1) Unlicensed Radio, Spread-Spectrum 126(1) Cellular or PCS Systems 126(1) Trunked Radio--Data on Voice 126(1) Satellite Techniques 126(1) Fiber-Optics 126(1) Small Substation Issues 126(1) Equipment and Installation Considerations 127(4) Traditional RTU Equipment and Installation 128(1) Use of Intelligent Electronic Devices 128(1) Substation Controllers 129(2) Substation Automation and the SCADA/EMS/DMS/IMS 131(1) Substation Automation and Data Volume 132(5) Near-Term Effect of Data Volume 133(1) Long-Term Effect of Data Volume 134(1) It Is Not All Bad News 135(1) Acknowledgments 135(2) Protective Relay Digital Fault Recording and Analysis 137(20) Elmo Price Introduction 137(1) The Digital Fault Record 137(6) Analog and Digital (On-Off) Signals 137(3) The Relay Fault Record 140(3) Recording the Fault Record 143(1) Fault Analysis Tools 143(3) Graphical Display of Analog and Digital Data 144(1) Multiple Record Analysis 144(1) Calculation of Fault Quantities 144(1) Calculation of Fault Impedance and Location 144(1) Phasor Plots 144(1) Plot of Fault Impedance Locus 144(1) Frequency Analysis 145(1) COMTRADE Files 145(1) COMTRADE 146(4) Files Used in a COMTRADE Record 146(3) Application of the COMTRADE Format 149(1) Fault Analysis Examples 150(7) Potential Circuit Grounding 150(2) Incorrect Directional Unit Operation on a Resistance-Grounded System 152(1) Misoperation Caused by Isolated Ground Source 153(1) Dual Polarization and Unbalanced Phase Voltages 153(4) Bibliography 157(4) Index 161
Walter A. Elmore (Retired) ABB Automation, Inc. Florida