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Polish: An Essential Grammar 2nd edition [Kõva köide]

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  • Formaat: Hardback, 448 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 990 g
  • Sari: Routledge Essential Grammars
  • Ilmumisaeg: 08-Mar-2012
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415595584
  • ISBN-13: 9780415595582
Teised raamatud teemal:
Polish: An Essential Grammar 2nd editionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 448 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 990 g
  • Sari: Routledge Essential Grammars
  • Ilmumisaeg: 08-Mar-2012
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415595584
  • ISBN-13: 9780415595582
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780415595582.html
Märksõnad:
Polish: An Essential Grammar is a user-friendly guide to all the important structures of this fascinating language. Presenting a fresh and accessible description of the language, this engaging grammar uses clear, jargon-free explanations and sets out the complexities of Polish in short, readable sections.

Key features include:











a new chapter on studying an inflected language, including detailed analysis of a typical text





comprehensive descriptions of the parts of speech covered





information presented clearly and logically in table form





a wealth of real-life examples





nine clearly-presented appendices.

This grammar is an invaluable asset to anyone wishing to master the Polish language as it is spoken today. Two companion books, Basic Polish: A Grammar and Workbook and Intermediate Polish: A Grammar and Workbook, provide more detailed practice in the language.
Abbreviations xii
Preface xiv
Acknowledgements xvi
PART I THE POLISH LANGUAGE
1(26)
Chapter 1 Alphabet
3(1)
Chapter 2 Pronunciation and stress
4(8)
2.1 Pronunciation
4(1)
2.2 Single vowels
4(1)
2.3 Nasal vowels
4(1)
2.4 Double vowels
5(1)
2.5 Consonants
6(1)
2.6 Identical double consonants
7(1)
2.7 Consonant types
7(1)
2.8 Devoicing of voiced consonants
8(1)
2.9 Voicing of unvoiced consonants
9(1)
2.10 Effect of vowel i on preceding consonant
9(1)
2.11 Normal stress
10(1)
2.12 Abnormal stress
10(1)
2.13 Stress in prepositional phrases
11(1)
2.14 Stress in nie and its verb
11(1)
Chapter 3 Vowel and consonant alternations
12(4)
3.1 Vowel alternations
12(1)
3.2 Consonant alternations
13(3)
Chapter 4 Studying an inflected language
16(11)
4.1 What is an inflected language?
16(1)
4.2 How do words change in Polish?
17(1)
4.3 What are the most common student errors?
18(1)
4.4 How to study a Polish text
19(1)
4.5 Sample text
20(7)
PART II PARTS OF SPEECH
27(336)
Chapter 5 Verbs
29(95)
5.1 Infinitive
30(4)
5.2 Imperative mood
34(5)
5.3 Indicative mood
39(7)
5.4 Verb aspects
46(7)
5.5 Present tense
53(14)
5.6 Past tense
67(6)
5.7 Future tense
73(5)
5.8 Conditional tense
78(6)
5.9 Reflexive verbs
84(4)
5.10 Modal auxiliary verbs
88(7)
5.11 Impersonal verbs
95(5)
5.12 Subjectless sentences
100(2)
5.13 Translating `there is/are'
102(2)
5.14 Adverbial participles
104(4)
5.15 Verbal prefixes
108(14)
5.16 Reported speech
122(2)
Chapter 6 Nouns
124(69)
6.1 Introduction
124(3)
6.2 Nominative case
127(21)
6.3 Vocative case
148(3)
6.4 Accusative case
151(5)
6.5 Genitive case
156(16)
6.6 Locative case
172(6)
6.7 Instrumental case
178(8)
6.8 Dative case
186(7)
Chapter 7 Pronouns
193(16)
7.1 Personal pronouns
195(3)
7.2 Reflexive pronouns
198(2)
7.3 Reciprocal pronouns
200(1)
7.4 Possessive pronouns
201(1)
7.5 Demonstrative pronouns
201(1)
7.6 Interrogative pronouns
202(2)
7.7 Distributive pronouns
204(1)
7.8 Relative pronouns
205(1)
7.9 Indefinite pronouns
206(3)
Chapter 8 Adjectives
209(44)
8.1 Attributive (descriptive) adjectives
211(4)
8.2 Possessive adjectives
215(3)
8.3 Demonstrative adjectives
218(2)
8.4 Distributive adjectives
220(1)
8.5 Interrogative adjectives
221(1)
8.6 Relative adjectives
222(1)
8.7 Indefinite adjectives
222(2)
8.8 Numerical adjectives
224(1)
8.9 Special usage
224(1)
8.10 Full adjective declension
224(6)
8.11 Adjectival participles
230(7)
8.12 Comparative: -szy form
237(4)
8.13 Comparative: other forms
241(3)
8.14 Superlative: naj- form
244(1)
8.15 Superlative: other forms
244(1)
8.16 Adjective formation
245(8)
Chapter 9 Adverbs
253(35)
9.1 Formation of regular adverbs
255(1)
9.2 Irregular adverbs
256(1)
9.3 Expressing emotion and body temperature
256(2)
9.4 Comparative: -ej/-iej form
258(2)
9.5 Comparative: irregular
260(1)
9.6 Comparative: other forms
261(3)
9.7 Superlative: naj- form
264(1)
9.8 Superlative: other forms
264(1)
9.9 Adverb formation with nie (un-/im-/in-)
265(1)
9.10 Adverbs of time
265(1)
9.11 Adverbial phrases of time
266(8)
9.12 Adverbs of place
274(2)
9.13 Adverbs of manner
276(1)
9.14 Adverbs of degree
277(3)
9.15 Adverbs of frequency
280(1)
9.16 Adverbial phrases of frequency
281(1)
9.17 Adverbs of modification
282(2)
9.18 Adverbial phrases of modification
284(1)
9.19 `Throw-away' adverbs
285(1)
9.20 Question tags
286(2)
Chapter 10 Prepositions
288(22)
10.1 Addition of extra e
289(1)
10.2 Compound prepositions
290(1)
10.3 Accusative case prepositions
290(6)
10.4 Genitive case prepositions
296(5)
10.5 Locative case prepositions
301(3)
10.6 Instrumental case prepositions
304(2)
10.7 Dative case prepositions
306(1)
10.8 Dual-case locative/accusative prepositions
307(1)
10.9 Dual-case instrumental/accusative prepositions
308(2)
Chapter 11 Conjunctions
310(15)
11.1 Coordinating conjunctions
310(3)
11.2 Subordinating conjunctions
313(12)
Chapter 12 Numerals
325(24)
12.1 List of cardinal and ordinal numbers
325(2)
12.2 Declension of cardinal numbers
327(7)
12.3 Declension of ordinal numbers
334(1)
12.4 `Another/second/one more'
335(1)
12.5 `Former/latter'
335(1)
12.6 Collective numbers
335(2)
12.7 `Pair'
337(1)
12.8 Indefinite numbers
337(2)
12.9 Fractions, decimals, percentages
339(1)
12.10 Weights and measures
340(1)
12.11 Age
340(1)
12.12 Dates
341(2)
12.13 Temperature
343(1)
12.14 Money
343(2)
12.15 Clock time
345(2)
12.16 Nouns derived from numbers
347(2)
Chapter 13 Interjections, idiomatic phrases, greetings
349(5)
13.1 Interjections
349(1)
13.2 Idiomatic phrases
350(3)
13.3 Common greetings
353(1)
Chapter 14 Particles
354(9)
14.1 Czy
354(1)
14.2 Li
355(1)
14.3 No
355(1)
14.4 Ze or z
356(1)
14.5 Niech and niechaj
357(1)
14.6 Oby
357(1)
14.7 By
358(1)
14.8 Nie
359(1)
14.9 S
360(1)
14.10 To
360(1)
14.11 Ci
360(1)
14.12 A
361(2)
PART III SENTENCE ELEMENTS AND STRUCTURE
363(16)
Chapter 15 Sentence elements
365(4)
15.1 Types of clause
365(1)
15.2 Elements of a sentence
366(2)
15.3 Grammatical cases
368(1)
Chapter 16 Sentence structure
369(10)
16.1 Word order
369(3)
16.2 Punctuation
372(7)
Appendix 1 Typical noun declension 379(9)
Appendix 2 Typical pronoun declension 388(2)
Appendix 3 Typical adjective declension 390(3)
Appendix 4 Question words 393(2)
Appendix 5 First conjugation verbs (-am, -a, -aja) -- all tenses 395(4)
Appendix 6 Third conjugation verbs -- present tense 399(5)
Appendix 7 Fourth conjugation verbs -- present tense 404(5)
Appendix 8 Perfective and imperfective verb aspects 409(8)
Appendix 9 Verb byc and miec -- all tenses 417(4)
Index 421
Dana Bielec is an experienced multilingual language tutor with a specialist qualification in the teaching of dyslexic students.