Preface |
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xi | |
Authors |
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xv | |
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xvii | |
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xix | |
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Chapter 1 HVDC Transmission Systems |
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1 | (28) |
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1 | (10) |
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1.1.1 Line Commutated Converter (LCC)-Based HVDC Transmission |
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8 | (3) |
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1.1.2 Voltage Source Converter (VSC)-Based HVDC Transmission |
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11 | (1) |
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1.2 Interconnection of HVDC Systems |
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11 | (4) |
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1.2.1 Back-to-Back (BTB) HVDC |
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11 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Point-to-Point (PTP) HVDC |
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12 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Multi-Terminal HVDC |
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12 | (3) |
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1.3 Control of HVDC Systems |
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15 | (3) |
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1.3.1 DC Master-Slave Control |
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17 | (1) |
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1.3.2 DC Voltage Droop Control |
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17 | (1) |
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1.4 Introduction to DC Power-Flow Controllers |
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18 | (1) |
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1.5 Integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to HVDC Grid |
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18 | (1) |
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1.6 Introduction to the Power-Flow Problem and the Newton-Raphson Method |
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18 | (6) |
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1.7 Introduction to the Power-Flow Modelling of LCC-based Integrated AC-DC Systems |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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1.7.2 The Sequential Method |
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25 | (1) |
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1.8 Introduction to the Power-Flow Modelling of VSC-Based Integrated AC-DC Systems |
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25 | (1) |
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1.9 Organization of the Book |
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26 | (3) |
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Chapter 2 Power-Flow Modelling of AC Power Systems Integrated with LCC-Based Multi-Terminal DC (AC-MLDC) Grids |
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29 | (70) |
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29 | (1) |
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2.2 Modelling of Integrated AC-MLDC Systems |
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30 | (2) |
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2.3 Control Strategies for MLDC Grids |
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32 | (1) |
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2.4 Power-Flow Equations of Integrated AC-MLDC Systems |
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33 | (2) |
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2.5 Implementation of Power-Flow in Integrated AC-MLDC Systems |
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35 | (5) |
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2.6 Case Studies and Results |
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40 | (57) |
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2.6.1 Studies with Unified Power-Flow Model of IEEE 300-Bus Test System Integrated with 3-Terminal LCC-HVDC Grid |
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41 | (11) |
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2.6.2 Studies with Unified Power-Flow Model of European 1354-Bus Test System Integrated with 12-Terminal LCC-HVDC Grid |
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52 | (14) |
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2.6.3 Studies with Sequential Power-Flow Model of IEEE 300-Bus Test System Integrated with 3-Terminal LCC-HVDC Grid |
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66 | (22) |
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2.6.4 Studies with Sequential Power-Flow Model of European 1354-Bus Test System Integrated with 12-Terminal LCC-HVDC Grid |
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88 | (9) |
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97 | (2) |
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Chapter 3 Power-Flow Modelling of AC Power Systems Integrated with VSC-Based Multi-Terminal DC (AC MVDC) Grids Employing DC Slack-Bus Control |
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99 | (38) |
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99 | (1) |
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3.2 Modelling of Integrated AC-MVDC Systems Employing DC Slack-Bus Control |
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100 | (8) |
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3.2.1 Modelling of Integrated AC-MVDC Systems in the PTP Configuration |
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100 | (3) |
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3.2.2 Power-Flow Equations of Integrated AC-MVDC System in the PTP Configuration |
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103 | (3) |
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3.2.3 Modelling of Integrated AC-MVDC Systems in the BTB Configuration |
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106 | (1) |
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3.2.4 Power-Flow Equations of Integrated AC-MVDC Systems in the BTB Configuration |
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107 | (1) |
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3.3 Implementation of Power-Flow in Integrated AC-MVDC Systems |
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108 | (8) |
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3.3.1 Unified AC-DC Power-Flow Method |
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109 | (1) |
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3.3.1.1 Unified AC-DC Power-Flow Method for PTP Configuration |
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109 | (1) |
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3.3.1.2 Unified AC-DC Power-Flow Method for BTB Configuration |
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110 | (1) |
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3.3.2 Sequential AC-DC Power-Flow Method |
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111 | (1) |
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3.3.2.1 Sequential AC-DC Power-Flow Method for PTP Configuration |
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112 | (4) |
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3.3.2.2 Sequential AC-DC Power-Flow Method for BTB Configuration |
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116 | (1) |
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3.4 Case Studies and Results |
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116 | (20) |
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3.4.1 Studies with Unified Power-Flow Model of IEEE 300-Bus Test System Integrated with VSC-Based Multi-Terminal DC (MVDC) Grids |
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116 | (10) |
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3.4.2 Studies with Unified Power-Flow Model of European 1354-Bus Test System Integrated with VSC-Based Multi-Terminal DC Grids |
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126 | (1) |
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3.4.3 Studies with Sequential Power-Flow Model of IEEE 300-Bus Test System Integrated with MVDC Grids |
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126 | (4) |
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3.4.4 Studies with Sequential Power-Flow Model of European 1354-Bus Test System Integrated with MVDC Grids |
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130 | (6) |
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136 | (1) |
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Chapter 4 Power-Flow Modelling of AC Power Systems Integrated with VSC-Based Multi-Terminal DC (AC-MVDC) Grids Employing DC Voltage Droop Control |
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137 | (50) |
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137 | (1) |
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4.2 Modelling of Integrated AC-MVDC Systems Employing DC Voltage Droop Control |
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138 | (2) |
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4.3 Power-Flow Equations of Integrated AC-MVDC Systems Employing DC Voltage Droop Control |
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140 | (2) |
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4.4 DC Voltage Droop Control in MVDC Systems |
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142 | (3) |
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4.5 Modelling of AC-MVDC Systems with DC Voltage Droop Control |
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145 | (5) |
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4.6 Case Studies and Results |
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150 | (35) |
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4.6.1 Studies of 5-Terminal VSC-HVDC Network Incorporated in the IEEE 300 Bus System (Model A) |
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159 | (2) |
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4.6.2 Studies of 7-Terminal VSC-HVDC Network Incorporated in the European 1354 Bus System (Model A) |
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161 | (6) |
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4.6.3 Studies with Unified Power-Flow Model of IEEE 300-Bus Test System Integrated with 5-Terminal MVDC Grid (Model B) |
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167 | (3) |
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4.6.4 Studies with Unified Power-Flow Model of European 1354-Bus Test System Integrated with 7-Terminal MVDC Grid (Model B) |
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170 | (3) |
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4.6.5 Studies with Sequential Power-Flow Model of IEEE 300-Bus Test System Integrated with 5-Terminal MVDC Grid (Model B) |
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173 | (4) |
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4.6.6 Studies with Sequential Power-Flow Model of European 1354-Bus Test System Integrated with 7-Terminal MVDC Grid |
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177 | (8) |
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185 | (2) |
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Chapter 5 Power-Flow Modelling of AC Power Systems Integrated with VSC-Based Multi-Terminal DC (AC-MVDC) Grids Incorporating Interline DC Power-Flow Controller (IDCPFC) |
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187 | (24) |
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187 | (1) |
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5.2 Modelling of AC-MVDC Systems Incorporating IDCPFCs |
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188 | (3) |
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5.3 Power-Flow Equations of Integrated AC-MVDC Systems Incorporating IDCPFC |
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191 | (3) |
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5.4 Implementation of Power-Flow in Integrated AC-MVDC Systems Incorporating IDCPFC |
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194 | (1) |
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5.5 Case Studies and Results |
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195 | (14) |
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5.5.1 Study of 3-Terminal VSC-HVDC Network Incorporating IDCPFC in IEEE 300 Bus System |
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195 | (7) |
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5.5.2 Study of 7-Terminal VSC-HVDC Network Incorporating IDCPFC in European 1354 Bus System |
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202 | (7) |
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209 | (2) |
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Chapter 6 Power-Flow Modelling of AC Power Systems Integrated with VSC-Based Multi-Terminal DC (AC-MVDC) Grids Incorporating Renewable Energy Sources |
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211 | (40) |
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211 | (1) |
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6.2 Modelling of AC-MVDC Systems Incorporating Renewable Energy Sources |
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211 | (2) |
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6.3 Power-Flow Equations of Integrated AC-MVDC Systems with Renewable Energy Sources |
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213 | (2) |
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6.4 Modelling of Integrated AC-MVDC Systems with Renewable Energy Sources Employing DC Slack-Bus Control |
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215 | (4) |
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6.5 Modelling of AC-MVDC Systems with Renewable Energy Sources Employing DC Voltage Droop Control |
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219 | (8) |
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6.5.1 Types of DC Voltage Droop Control |
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219 | (3) |
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6.5.2 Implementation of DC Voltage Droop Control in Integrated AC-MVDC Systems Interfaced with Offshore Wind Farms |
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222 | (5) |
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6.6 Case Studies and Results |
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227 | (23) |
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6.6.1 Study with Unified Power-Flow Model of European 1354-Bus Test System Integrated with 7-Terminal MVDC Network Employing DC Slack-Bus Control and Interfaced with Offshore Wind Farms |
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228 | (2) |
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6.6.2 Study with Unified Power-Flow Model of European 1354 Bus Test System Integrated with 7-Terminal MVDC Network Employing DC Voltage Droop Control and Interfaced with Offshore Wind Farms |
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230 | (16) |
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6.6.3 Study with Sequential Power-Flow Model of European 1354 Bus Test System Integrated with 7-Terminal MVDC Network Employing DC Slack-Bus Control and Interfaced with Offshore Wind Farms (Model-B) |
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246 | (1) |
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6.6.4 Study with Sequential Power-Flow Model of European 1354-Bus System Integrated with 7-Terminal MVDC Network Employing DC Voltage Droop Control and Interfaced with Offshore Wind Farms (Model B) |
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247 | (3) |
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250 | (1) |
Appendix: Derivations of Difficult Expressions |
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251 | (8) |
Bibliography |
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259 | (8) |
Index |
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267 | |