Preface |
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xv | |
Acknowledgements |
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xix | |
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1 | (26) |
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3 | (5) |
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Impacts of Power Quality Problems on End Users |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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Power Electronic Applications in Power Transmission Systems |
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8 | (10) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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Static Var Compensator (SVC) |
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10 | (2) |
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Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) |
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12 | (2) |
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Static Compensator (STATCOM) |
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14 | (2) |
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Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) |
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16 | (1) |
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Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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Power Electronic Applications in Power Distribution Systems |
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18 | (4) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (4) |
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Characterization of Electric Power Quality |
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27 | (28) |
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Power Quality Terms and Definitions |
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29 | (11) |
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29 | (4) |
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Short Duration Voltage Variations |
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33 | (2) |
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Long Duration Voltage variations |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (3) |
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39 | (1) |
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Power Frequency Variations |
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39 | (1) |
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Power Acceptability Curves |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (13) |
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41 | (1) |
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Loads Containing Harmonics |
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42 | (3) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (6) |
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Disturbance in Supply Voltage |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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Analysis and Conventional Mitigation Methods |
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55 | (58) |
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Analysis of Power Outages |
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55 | (5) |
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60 | (12) |
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Symmetrical Components of Phasor Quantities |
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60 | (4) |
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Instantaneous Symmetrical Components |
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64 | (3) |
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Instantaneous Real and Reactive Powers |
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67 | (5) |
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72 | (14) |
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On-line Extraction of Fundamental Sequence Components from Measured Samples |
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76 | (8) |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (4) |
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88 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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Voltage Sag Lost Energy Index (VSLEI) |
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88 | (2) |
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Analysis of Voltage Flicker |
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90 | (2) |
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Reduced Duration and Customer Impact of Outages |
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92 | (1) |
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Classical Load Balancing Problem |
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93 | (11) |
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94 | (4) |
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98 | (4) |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (4) |
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Voltage Sag or Dip Reduction |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (2) |
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Custom Power Devices: An Introduction |
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113 | (24) |
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Utility-Customer Interface |
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114 | (2) |
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Introduction to Custom Power Devices |
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116 | (15) |
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Network Reconfiguring Devices |
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117 | (4) |
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Load Compensation using DSTATCOM |
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121 | (5) |
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Voltage Regulation using DSTATCOM |
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126 | (1) |
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Protecting Sensitive Loads using DVR |
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127 | (3) |
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Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (3) |
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Status of Application of CP Devices |
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134 | (2) |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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Structure and Control of Power Converters |
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137 | (78) |
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138 | (8) |
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Single-Phase H-Bridge Inverter |
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138 | (5) |
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143 | (3) |
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Hard-Switched Versus Soft-Switched |
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146 | (7) |
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153 | (1) |
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Combining Inverters for Increased Power and Voltage |
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154 | (15) |
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155 | (7) |
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162 | (5) |
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167 | (2) |
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Open-Loop Voltage Control |
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169 | (13) |
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Sinusoidal PWM for H-Bridge Inverter |
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169 | (5) |
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Sinusoidal PWM for three-phase Inverter |
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174 | (1) |
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SPWM in Multilevel Inverter |
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175 | (3) |
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178 | (2) |
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Other Modulation Techniques |
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180 | (2) |
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Closed-Loop Switching Control |
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182 | (6) |
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182 | (1) |
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Stability of Switching Control |
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183 | (2) |
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185 | (2) |
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187 | (1) |
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Second and Higher Order Systems |
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188 | (22) |
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192 | (1) |
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Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) |
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193 | (2) |
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Tracking Controller Convergence |
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195 | (3) |
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Condition for Tracking Reference Convergence |
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198 | (2) |
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200 | (2) |
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202 | (1) |
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Sequential Linear Quadratic Regulator (SLQR) |
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203 | (7) |
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210 | (2) |
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212 | (3) |
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Solid State Limiting, Breaking and Transferring Devices |
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215 | (26) |
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Solid State Current Limiter |
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216 | (4) |
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216 | (1) |
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Current Limiter Operating Principle |
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217 | (3) |
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Solid State Breaker (SSB) |
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220 | (3) |
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Issues In Limiting and Switching Operations |
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223 | (2) |
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Solid State Transfer Switch (SSTS) |
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225 | (7) |
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Sag/Swell Detection Algorithms |
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232 | (6) |
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Algorithm Based on Symmetrical Components |
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232 | (1) |
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Algorithm Based on Two-Axis Transformation |
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233 | (1) |
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Algorithm Based on Instantaneous Symmetrical Components |
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234 | (4) |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (2) |
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Load Compensation Using DSTATCOM |
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241 | (46) |
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Compensating Single-Phase Loads |
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242 | (3) |
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Ideal Three-Phase Shunt Compensator Structure |
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245 | (4) |
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Generating Reference Currents using Instantaneous PQ Theory |
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249 | (10) |
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Generating Reference Currents Using Instantaneous Symmetrical Components |
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259 | (9) |
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Compensating Star Connected Loads |
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260 | (5) |
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Compensating Delta Connected Loads |
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265 | (3) |
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General Algorithm for Generating Reference Currents |
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268 | (8) |
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Various Compensation Schemes and Their Characteristics Based on the General Algorithm |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (6) |
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Generating Reference Currents when the Source is Unbalanced |
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276 | (9) |
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Compensating to Equal Resistance |
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278 | (2) |
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Compensating to Equal Source Currents |
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280 | (2) |
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Compensating to Equal Average Power |
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282 | (3) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (2) |
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Realization and Control of DSTATCOM |
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287 | (46) |
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288 | (3) |
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Control of DSTATCOM Connected to a Stiff Source |
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291 | (5) |
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DSTATCOM Connected to Weak Supply Point |
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296 | (14) |
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DSTATCOM Structure for Weak Supply Point Connection |
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299 | (3) |
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Switching Control of DSTATCOM |
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302 | (6) |
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308 | (2) |
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DSTATCOM Current Control through Phasors |
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310 | (11) |
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Case-1: When Both Load and Source are Unbalanced |
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311 | (2) |
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Case-2: When Both Load and Source are Unbalanced and Load Contains Harmonics |
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313 | (1) |
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Case-3: Both Load and Source are Unbalanced and Distorted |
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314 | (5) |
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319 | (2) |
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DSTATCOM in Voltage Control Mode |
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321 | (9) |
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State Feedback Control of DSTATCOM in Voltage Control Mode |
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322 | (5) |
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Output Feedback Control of DSTATCOM in Voltage Control Mode |
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327 | (3) |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (3) |
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Series Compensation of Power Distribution System |
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333 | (46) |
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335 | (5) |
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DC Capacitor Supported DVR |
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340 | (19) |
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Fundamental Frequency Series Compensator Characteristics |
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341 | (5) |
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Transient Operation of Series Compensator when the Supply is Balanced |
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346 | (2) |
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Transient Operation when the Supply is Unbalanced or Distorted |
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348 | (2) |
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Series Compensator Rating |
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350 | (5) |
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An Alternate Strategy Based on Instantaneous Symmetrical Components |
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355 | (4) |
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359 | (11) |
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Output Feedback Control of DVR |
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360 | (5) |
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State Feedback Control of DVR |
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365 | (5) |
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370 | (2) |
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372 | (4) |
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376 | (1) |
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376 | (3) |
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Unified Power Quality Conditioner |
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379 | (28) |
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380 | (1) |
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Right-Shunt UPQC Characteristics |
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381 | (7) |
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Left-Shunt UPQC Characteristics |
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388 | (3) |
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Structure and Control of Right-Shunt UPQC |
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391 | (10) |
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Right-shunt UPQC Structure |
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391 | (1) |
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392 | (6) |
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Harmonic Elimination using Right-Shunt UPQC |
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398 | (3) |
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Structure and Control of Left-Shunt UPQC |
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401 | (4) |
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Left-Shunt UPQC Structure |
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401 | (1) |
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402 | (3) |
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405 | (1) |
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406 | (1) |
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Distributed Generation and Grid Interconnection |
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407 | (36) |
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Distributed Generation -- Connection Requirements and Impacts on the Network |
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407 | (4) |
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Standards for Grid Connection |
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408 | (1) |
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Key Requirements in Standards |
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408 | (1) |
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409 | (1) |
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Angle Stability for Inverters |
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410 | (1) |
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Issues for Distributed Generation |
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410 | (1) |
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Interaction and Optimal Location of DG |
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411 | (6) |
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Eigen Analysis and Voltage Interaction |
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411 | (4) |
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Simulation Results of Eigen Analysis and Voltage Interaction |
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415 | (2) |
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417 | (5) |
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Mitigation of Voltage Dip during Motor Start |
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417 | (2) |
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419 | (2) |
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Voltage Flicker and Voltage Fluctuation |
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421 | (1) |
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422 | (3) |
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Anti-Islanding Protection |
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422 | (1) |
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423 | (1) |
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Dedicated Islanding Operation |
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423 | (1) |
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Rate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF) |
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424 | (1) |
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Distribution Line Compensation |
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425 | (10) |
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425 | (1) |
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426 | (9) |
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435 | (1) |
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435 | (1) |
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Protection Issues for Distributed Generation |
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435 | (2) |
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Technologies for Distributed Generation |
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437 | (1) |
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Power Quality Impact from Different DG Types |
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437 | (4) |
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441 | (1) |
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441 | (2) |
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Future Directions and Opportunities for Power Quality Enhancement |
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443 | (14) |
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Power Quality Sensitivity |
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443 | (4) |
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444 | (2) |
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Mitigation of Power Quality Impacts from Sags |
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446 | (1) |
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Utility Based Versus Customer Based Correction |
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447 | (3) |
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448 | (1) |
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Harmonic, Flicker and Voltage Spikes |
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449 | (1) |
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Power Quality Contribution to the Network from Customer Owned Equipment |
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450 | (1) |
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450 | (1) |
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Addressing the Barriers to Customer Owned Grid Friendly Inverters |
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451 | (1) |
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Interconnection Standards |
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451 | (1) |
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Power Quality Performance Requirements and Validation |
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452 | (2) |
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452 | (1) |
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452 | (1) |
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453 | (1) |
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454 | (1) |
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Role of Compensators in Future Energy Delivery |
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455 | (1) |
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456 | (1) |
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456 | (1) |
Index |
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457 | |