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Practical Radiography for Veterinary Nurses 2nd Revised edition [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 180 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 234x156x13 mm, kaal: 345 g, 71 ills.
  • Ilmumisaeg: 06-Jan-2002
  • Kirjastus: Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 0750651725
  • ISBN-13: 9780750651721
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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 180 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 234x156x13 mm, kaal: 345 g, 71 ills.
  • Ilmumisaeg: 06-Jan-2002
  • Kirjastus: Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 0750651725
  • ISBN-13: 9780750651721
Using clear line diagrams and many photographs, "Practical Radiography for Veterinary Nurses" provides comprehensive coverage of all aspects of radiography relevant to veterinary nurse training from S/NVQ to Diploma level. Key points are highlighted throughout and a set of revision points and self-assessment questions at the end of each chapter make this not only an essential textbook but also an extremely useful quick reference for practice. Veterinary undergraduates and veterinary practices will also find this an effective reference source.
Acknowledgements x
Foreword xi
Preface xii
Essential mathematics and physics
1(8)
Introduction
1(1)
Matter, energy, power and heat
1(2)
Units and prefixes used in radiography
3(1)
Radiological units
4(2)
Useful mathematics
6(1)
Proportions and the inverse square law
6(2)
Revision questions
8(1)
The principles of physics used in radiography
9(11)
Introduction
9(1)
Electrostatics -- the electric charge
9(1)
Conductors and insulators
10(1)
Electricity
11(1)
Measuring electricity
11(1)
Types of current
11(1)
Laws of an electric current
12(1)
Resistance
13(1)
Making a circuit -- the options
14(1)
Magnetism
14(1)
The function and composition of a magnet
15(1)
Magnetic laws
16(1)
Electromagnetism -- electricity and magnetism in union
17(1)
Laws of electromagnetic induction
17(1)
Revision points
18(1)
Revision questions
19(1)
Inside the atom
20(7)
Introduction
20(1)
Atoms, elements and other definitions
20(1)
The `make-up' of an atom
20(2)
The periodic table
22(1)
Radioactivity
23(1)
The effects of an electron changing orbits
23(1)
Frequency and wavelength
24(1)
The electromagnetic spectrum
25(1)
Revision points
26(1)
Revision questions
26(1)
The construction of an X-ray unit
27(11)
Introduction
27(1)
The X-ray circuit
27(1)
What is seen from the outside?
28(1)
High-voltage generators
29(1)
Rectification
30(2)
Mains supply switch
32(1)
Primary circuit
32(1)
Operating console
33(1)
Transformers
33(1)
Filament circuit -- control of the mA
34(1)
High-tension circuit -- provision of kV
34(1)
Making an exposure -- switches, timers and interlocks
35(1)
Types of X-ray machines
36(1)
Lower rating
36(1)
Revision points
37(1)
Revision questions
37(1)
The production of X-rays
38(8)
Introduction
38(1)
The cathode
38(2)
The anode
40(2)
The X-ray tube
42(1)
How X-rays are made
43(1)
How to look after your X-ray tube
44(1)
Rating your X-ray tube
44(1)
Revision points
45(1)
Revision questions
45(1)
The properties of X-rays
46(10)
Introduction
46(1)
Characteristic and bremsstrahlung radiation
46(1)
X-ray emission spectrum
47(1)
Altering the emission spectrum
48(2)
X-ray quantity
50(1)
X-ray quality
50(1)
The effect of the X-ray beam striking another atom
51(2)
Absorption
53(1)
Attenuation
53(2)
Revision points
55(1)
Revision questions
55(1)
Intensifying screens and cassettes
56(7)
Introduction
56(1)
The construction of intensifying screens
56(2)
Luminescence
58(1)
Film-screen combinations
58(2)
Film-screen Contract
60(1)
Care of intensifying screens
60(1)
Construction of cassettes
61(1)
Care and use of cassettes
62(1)
Revision points
62(1)
Revision questions
62(1)
Radiographic film
63(9)
Introduction
63(1)
Film construction
63(3)
Types of film
66(1)
Care and storage of films
67(1)
Formation of the latent image
67(1)
Film sensitivity
68(1)
Duplicating film
69(1)
Revision points
70(1)
Revision questions
71(1)
Forming the visible image
72(8)
Introduction
72(1)
The steps processing
72(1)
Development
72(1)
Fixing
73(1)
Washing
74(1)
Drying
75(1)
Developer solution
75(1)
Fixer
76(2)
Control of substances hazardous to health guidelines
78(1)
Revision points
78(1)
Revision questions
79(1)
The production of a visible image
80(12)
Introduction
80(1)
Manual processing
80(2)
Parts of the automatic processor
82(1)
Replenishment
83(1)
Silver recovery
84(1)
The darkroom
85(3)
Other methods of processing
88(1)
Viewing the radiograph
89(1)
Revision points
90(1)
Revision questions
91(1)
Control of the primary beam and scatter
92(10)
Introduction
92(1)
Cones
92(1)
Diaphragms
93(1)
Radiation safety and he use of cones and diagrams
93(1)
Light beam diaphragm
94(1)
Factors affecting scattered radiation
95(1)
Function of grids
95(1)
Construction of a grid
95(2)
Types of grid
97(1)
Choosing a grid
98(1)
Problems with using a grid
99(1)
Air-gap technique
99(1)
Revision points
100(1)
Revision questions
101(1)
Radiographic image quality
102(15)
Introduction
102(1)
Sensitometry
102(1)
Characteristic curve
103(1)
Latitude
104(1)
Density
104(1)
Contrast
105(2)
Effects generated by the X-ray tube
107(1)
Magnification
108(1)
Distortion
109(1)
Movement
109(1)
Altering exposure factors
110(1)
Producing a high quality radiograph
111(1)
Commonly seen film faults
112(3)
Revision points
115(1)
Revision questions
116(1)
Alternative imaging techniques
117(12)
Introduction
117(1)
Tomography
117(2)
Fluoroscopy
119(1)
Digital imaging
120(1)
Computerized tomography
121(1)
Magnetic resonance imaging
122(1)
Ultrasound
123(2)
Nuclear scintigraphy
125(3)
Revision points
128(1)
Revision questions
128(1)
Radiation protection
129(9)
Introduction
129(1)
The effects of ionizing radiation on the body
129(1)
Types of effect
130(1)
The basics to remember
130(1)
Ionizing radiation (medical exposure) regulations
131(1)
Radiation safety in the veterinary practice
131(1)
Classifying the areas around an X-ray machine
132(1)
Dose limits
132(1)
Monitoring devices
133(2)
Lead shielding
135(1)
Quality assurance
135(2)
Revision points
137(1)
Revision questions
137(1)
Contrast media
138(12)
Introduction
138(1)
Negative contrast medium
138(1)
Positive contrast medium
139(1)
Contrast examination procedures
140(1)
Gastrointestinal tract
141(1)
Genito-urinary trace
142(3)
Myelography
145(2)
Other contrast examinations
147(1)
Revision points
148(1)
Revision questions
149(1)
Radiography techniques
150(24)
Introduction
150(1)
General principles
150(1)
Restraint
151(1)
Positioning aids
151(1)
Markers and legends
152(1)
Assessing the radiograph
153(1)
Terminology
153(1)
British Veterinary Association/Kennel Club hip dysplasia and elbow scoring scheme
154(1)
Positioning outlines -- small animals
154(10)
Positioning outlines -- large animals (horses and cattle)
164(7)
Positioning outlines -- small mammals, birds and reptiles
171(3)
Reading list 174(3)
Index 177