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Practical Research: Planning and Design with Enhanced Pearson Etext -- Access Card Package 11th ed. [Multiple-component retail product]

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  • ISBN-10: 0134013506
  • ISBN-13: 9780134013503
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Practical Research: Planning and Design with Enhanced Pearson Etext -- Access Card Package 11th ed.Suurem pilt
  • Formaat: Multiple-component retail product, 384 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 274x213x18 mm, kaal: 794 g, Contains 1 Paperback / softback
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Jan-2015
  • Kirjastus: Pearson
  • ISBN-10: 0134013506
  • ISBN-13: 9780134013503
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Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780134013503.html
NOTE: Used books, rentals, and purchases made outside of PearsonIf purchasing or renting from companies other than Pearson, the access codes for the Enhanced Pearson eText may not be included, may be incorrect, or may be previously redeemed. Check with the seller before completing your purchase.This package includes the Enhanced Pearson eText and the bound book. Engaging and cross-disciplinary, Practical Research: Planning and Design is a do-it-yourself, understand-it-yourself manual for planning and conducting research. Suitable for a wide variety of courses in basic research methodology, the text guides the reader, step-by-step, from the selection of a problem, through the process of conducting authentic research, to the preparation of a completed report, with practical suggestions throughout. The authors emphasize the idea that quality research demands planning and design, and they provide what is needed for readers to be able to execute their own research projects effectively and professionally.Improve mastery and retention with the Enhanced Pearson eText*The Enhanced Pearson eText provides a rich, interactive learning environment designed to improve student mastery of content. The Enhanced Pearson eText is:Engaging. The new interactive, multimedia learning features were developed by the authors and other subject-matter experts to deepen and enrich the learning experience.Convenient. Enjoy instant online access from your computer or download the Pearson eText App to read on or offline on your iPad® and Android® tablet.*Affordable. The Enhanced Pearson eText may be purchased stand-alone or with a loose-leaf version of the text for 40-65 less than a print bound book.* The Enhanced eText features are only available in the Pearson eText format. They are not available in third-party eTexts or downloads.*The Pearson eText App is available on Google Play and in the App Store. It requires Android OS 3.1-4, a 7” or 10” tablet, or iPad iOS 5.0 or later.0134013506 / 9780134013503 Practical Research: Planning and Design with Enhanced Pearson eText -- Access Card PackagePackage consists of: 013374132X / 9780133741322 Practical Research: Planning and Design0133747182 / 9780133747188 Practical Research: Planning and Design, Enhanced Pearson eText -- Access Card
Preface iii
Acknowledgments vi
PART I The Fundamentals
Chapter 1 The Nature and Tools of Research
1(26)
What Research Is Not
1(1)
What Research Is
2(5)
Philosophical Assumptions Underlying Research Methodologies
7(1)
Tools of Research
8(1)
The Library and Its Resources
9(1)
Using Technology Computer Technology
9(1)
Measurement
9(2)
Statistics
11(1)
Language
11(2)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Communicating Effectively Through Writing
13(4)
GUIDELINES: Writing to Communicate
14(1)
Using Technology GUIDELINES: Using the Tools in Word Processing Software
15(2)
The Human Mind
17(5)
Critical Thinking
17(1)
Deductive Logic
18(1)
Inductive Reasoning
19(1)
Scientific Method
20(1)
Theory Building
21(1)
Using Technology Collaboration with Other Minds
22(1)
Reflections on Noteworthy Research
22(2)
Exploring Research in Your Field
24(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Identifying Important Tools in Your Discipline
24(1)
CHECKLIST: Interviewing an Expert Researcher
25(1)
For Further Reading
25(2)
PART II Focusing Your Research Efforts
Chapter 2 The Problem: The Heart of the Research Process
27(25)
Finding Research Projects
27(2)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Identifying and Describing the Research Problem
29(7)
GUIDELINES: Choosing an Appropriate Problem
29(2)
GUIDELINES: Stating the Research Problem
31(4)
CHECKLIST: Evaluating the Research Problem
35(1)
Dividing the Research Problem into Subproblems
36(1)
Subproblems Versus Pseudo-Subproblems
36(1)
Characteristics of Subproblems
37(1)
Identifying Subproblems
37(2)
Taking a Paper-and-Pencil Approach
37(2)
Using Technology Using Brainstorming (Mind Mapping) Software
39(1)
Every Problem Needs Further Delineation
39(1)
Stating Hypotheses
39(1)
Distinguishing Between Research Hypotheses and Null Hypotheses in Quantitative Research
40(1)
Identifying the Variables Under Investigation
40(2)
CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS EXERCISE: Identifying Independent, Dependent, Mediating, and Moderating Variables
42(1)
Defining Terms
43(1)
Stating Assumptions
44(1)
Identifying Delimitations and Limitations
44(1)
Importance of the Study
45(1)
Writing the First
Chapter or Section of a Research Proposal
45(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Writing the First Section of a Proposal
46(2)
CHECKLIST: Evaluating Your Proposed Research Project
47(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Reappraising a Proposed Research Problem
48(1)
GUIDELINES: Fine-Tuning Your Research Problem
48(1)
For Further Reading
49(1)
Answers to the Conceptual Analysis Exercise "Identifying Independent, Dependent, Mediating, and Moderating Variables"
50(2)
Chapter 3 Review of the Related Literature
52(22)
Understanding the Role of the Literature Review
52(1)
Using Technology Strategies for Locating Related Literature
53(1)
Using the Library Catalog
53(5)
Using Technology Using Online Databases
56(2)
Consulting with Reference Librarians
58(2)
Using Technology Surfing the Internet
59(1)
Using Citations and Reference Lists of Those Who Have Gone Before You
60(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Planning a Literature Search
60(5)
Using Technology GUIDELINES: Using Your Library Time Efficiently
62(3)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Evaluating the Research of Others
65(1)
CHECKLIST: Evaluating a Research Article
65(1)
Knowing When to Quit
66(1)
Organizing and Synthesizing the Literature into a Cohesive Review
67(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Writing the Literature Review
67(3)
GUIDELINES: Writing a Clear and Cohesive Literature Review
67(3)
A Sample Literature Review
70(3)
For Further Reading
73(1)
Chapter 4 Planning Your Research Project
74(42)
Planning a General Approach
75(1)
Research Planning Versus Research Methodology
75(1)
The Nature and Role of Data in Research
76(1)
Data Are Transient and Ever Changing
76(1)
Primary Data Versus Secondary Data
76(1)
Planning for Data Collection
77(2)
Linking Data and Research Methodology
79(1)
Comparing Quantitative and Qualitative Methodologies
80(2)
Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Designs
82(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Choosing a General Research Approach
82(3)
GUIDELINES: Deciding Whether to Use a Quantitative or Qualitative Approach
83(2)
Considering the Validity of Your Method
85(1)
Internal Validity
85(2)
External Validity
87(1)
Validity in Qualitative Research
88(1)
Identifying Measurement Strategies
88(1)
Defining Measurement
89(1)
Measuring Insubstantial Phenomena: An Example
90(2)
Types of Measurement Scales
92(3)
Nominal Scales
92(1)
Ordinal Scales
93(1)
Interval Scales
93(1)
Ratio Scales
94(1)
CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS EXERCISE: Identifying Scales of Measurement
95(1)
Validity and Reliability in Measurement
96(4)
Validity of Measurement Instruments
96(2)
Reliability of Measurement Instruments
98(1)
Enhancing the Reliability and Validity of a Measurement Instrument
99(1)
CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS EXERCISE: Identifying Problems with Validity and Reliability in Measurement
100(2)
Ethical Issues in Research
102(1)
Protection from Harm
102(1)
Voluntary and Informed Participation
103(2)
Right to Privacy
105(1)
Honesty with Professional Colleagues
105(1)
Internal Review Boards
106(1)
Professional Codes of Ethics
106(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Planning an Ethical Research Study
107(1)
CHECKLIST: Determining Whether Your Proposed Study Is Ethically Defensible
107(1)
Critically Scrutinizing Your Overall Plan
108(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Judging the Feasibility of a Research Project
108(2)
CHECKLIST: Determining Whether a Proposed Research Project Is Realistic and Practical
108(2)
When You Can't Anticipate Everything in Advance: The Value of a Pilot Study
110(2)
Using Technology PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Developing a Plan of Attack
110(2)
Using Project Management Software and Electronic Planners
112(1)
Keeping an Optimistic and Task-Oriented Outlook
112(1)
For Further Reading
113(1)
Answers to the Conceptual Analysis Exercise "Identifying Scales of Measurement"
114(1)
Answers to the Conceptual Analysis Exercise "Identifying Problems with Validity and Reliability in Measurement"
115(1)
Chapter 5 Writing the Research Proposal
116(20)
Characteristics of a Proposal
117(1)
A Proposal Is a Straightforward Document
117(1)
A Proposal Is Not a Literary Production
118(1)
A Proposal Is Clearly Organized
118(1)
Organizing and Writing a Research Proposal
118(1)
Formatting Headings and Subheadings
119(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Writing Your Proposal
120(9)
GUIDELINES: Writing the First Draft
120(5)
GUIDELINES: Revising Your Proposal
125(4)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Strengthening Your Proposal
129(1)
CHECKLIST: Evaluating an Early Draft of a Research Proposal
130(1)
Final Thoughts About Proposal Writing
130(1)
A Sample Research Proposal
131(4)
For Further Reading
135(1)
PART III Quantitative Research
Chapter 6 Descriptive Research
136(42)
Descriptive Research Designs
136(1)
Observation Studies
136(1)
Correlational Research
137(2)
A Caution about Interpreting Correlational Results
139(1)
Developmental Designs
139(2)
Survey Research
141(2)
Face-to-Face and Telephone Interviews
142(1)
Questionnaires
142(1)
Planning for Data Collection in a Descriptive Study
143(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Using Checklists, Rating Scales, and Rubrics
143(4)
Using Technology PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Computerizing Observations
146(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Planning and Conducting Interviews in a Quantitative Study
147(1)
Using Technology GUIDELINES: Conducting Interviews in a Quantitative Study
147(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Constructing and Administering a Questionnaire
148(10)
GUIDELINES: Constructing a Questionnaire
148(4)
Using Technology GUIDELINES: Using Technology to Facilitate Questionnaire Administration and Data Analysis
152(1)
GUIDELINES: Maximizing Your Return Rate for a Questionnaire
153(4)
Using Technology PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Using the Internet to Collect Data for a Descriptive Study
157(1)
Choosing a Sample in a Descriptive Study
158(1)
Sampling Designs
159(6)
Probability Sampling
159(5)
Nonprobability Sampling
164(1)
Sampling in Surveys of Very Large Populations
165(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Identifying a Sufficient Sample Size
166(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Analyzing the Population in a Descriptive Study
167(1)
CHECKLIST: Analyzing Characteristics of the Population Being Studied
167(1)
Common Sources of Bias in Descriptive Studies
168(1)
Sampling Bias
168(1)
Instrumentation Bias
169(1)
Response Bias
170(1)
Researcher Bias
170(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Acknowledging the Probable Presence of Bias in Descriptive Research
170(2)
GUIDELINES: Identifying Possible Sampling Bias in Questionnaire Research
171(1)
CHECKLIST: Identifying Potential Sources of Bias in a Descriptive Study
171(1)
Interpreting Data in Descriptive Research
172(1)
Some Final Suggestions
173(1)
A Sample Dissertation
173(4)
For Further Reading
177(1)
Chapter 7 Experimental, Quasi-Experimental, and Ex Post Facto Designs
178(33)
The Importance of Control
179(1)
Controlling for Confounding Variables
180(4)
Overview of Experimental, Quasi-Experimental, and Ex Post Facto Designs
184(1)
Pre-Experimental Designs
185(1)
Design 1: One-Shot Experimental Case Study
185(1)
Design 2: One-Group Pretest--Posttest Design
185(1)
Design 3: Static Group Comparison
186(1)
True Experimental Designs
186(3)
Design 4: Pretest--Posttest Control-Group Design
186(1)
Design 5: Solomon Four-Group Design
187(1)
Design 6: Posttest-Only Control-Group Design
187(1)
Design 7: Within-Subjects Design
188(1)
Quasi-Experimental Designs
189(4)
Design 8: Nonrandomized Control-Group Pretest--Posttest Design
189(1)
Design 9: Simple Time-Series Design
190(1)
Design 10: Control-Group Time-Series Design
190(1)
Design 11: Reversal Time-Series Design
190(1)
Design 12: Alternating-Treatments Design
191(1)
Design 13: Multiple-Baseline Design
191(2)
Using Designs 11, 12, and 13 in Single-Subject Studies
193(1)
Ex Post Facto Designs
194(1)
Design 14: Simple Ex Post Facto Design
195(1)
Factorial Designs
195(5)
Design 15: Two-Factor Experimental Design
195(1)
Design 16: Combined Experimental and Ex Post Facto Design
196(4)
CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS EXERCISE: Identifying Quantitative Research Designs
200(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Determining Possible Cause-and-Effect Relationships
201(2)
CHECKLIST: Looking for Confounding Variables
201(2)
Meta-Analyses
203(1)
Using Technology Conducting Experiments on the Internet
203(1)
Testing Your Hypotheses, and Beyond
204(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Acknowledging the Probable Presence of Bias in Experimental Research
204(2)
CHECKLIST: Identifying Potential Sources of Bias and Potential Threats to External Validity in an Experimental, Quasi-Experimental, or Ex Post Facto Study
205(1)
A Sample Dissertation
206(4)
For Further Reading
210(1)
Answers to the Conceptual Analysis Exercise "Identifying Quantitative Research Designs"
210(1)
Chapter 8 Analyzing Quantitative Data
211(40)
Exploring and Organizing a Data Set
211(2)
Organizing Data to Make Them Easier to Think About and Interpret
213(4)
Using Technology Using Computer Spreadsheets to Organize and Analyze Data
215(2)
Choosing Appropriate Statistics
217(1)
Functions of Statistics
217(2)
Statistics as Estimates of Population Parameters
218(1)
Considering the Nature of the Data
219(4)
Single-Group Versus Multi-Group Data
219(1)
Continuous Versus Discrete Variables
219(1)
Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio Data
219(1)
Normal and Non-Normal Distributions
220(2)
Choosing between Parametric and Nonparametric Statistics
222(1)
Descriptive Statistics
223(1)
Measures of Central Tendency
223(3)
Curves Determine Means
224(2)
Measures of Central Tendency as Predictors
226(1)
Measures of Variability: Dispersion and Deviation
226(5)
How Great Is the Spread?
227(2)
Using the Mean and Standard Deviation to Calculate Standard Scores
229(2)
Keeping Measures of Central Tendency and Variability in Perspective
231(1)
Measures of Association: Correlation
231(3)
How Validity and Reliability Affect Correlation Coefficients
233(1)
A Reminder About Correlation
234(1)
Inferential Statistics
234(1)
Estimating Population Parameters
234(3)
An Example: Estimating a Population Mean
235(1)
Point Versus Interval Estimates
236(1)
Testing Hypotheses
237(3)
Making Errors in Hypothesis Testing
238(2)
Another Look at Statistical Hypotheses Versus Research Hypotheses
240(1)
Examples of Statistical Techniques for Testing Hypotheses
240(1)
Meta-Analysis
240(3)
Using Technology Using Statistical Software Packages
242(1)
Interpreting the Data
243(2)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Analyzing and Interpreting Data in a Quantitative Study
245(1)
CHECKLIST: Choosing Statistical Procedures
245(1)
A Sample Dissertation
246(3)
For Further Reading
249(2)
PART IV Qualitative Research
Chapter 9 Qualitative Research Methods
251(27)
Research Problems and Methodology Choice in Qualitative Research
252(1)
Potential Advantages of a Qualitative Approach
253(1)
Qualitative Research Designs
253(1)
Case Study
253(1)
Ethnography
254(1)
Phenomenological Study
255(1)
Grounded Theory Study
256(1)
Content Analysis
257(2)
CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS EXERCISE: Choosing a Qualitative Research Design
259(1)
Collecting Data in Qualitative Research
259(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Addressing Validity and Reliability Issues in Qualitative Data Collection
260(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Selecting an Appropriate Sample for a Qualitative Study
261(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Making Observations in a Qualitative Study
262(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Planning and Conducting Interviews in a Qualitative Study
263(6)
GUIDELINES: Conducting a Productive Interview
264(4)
An Example in International Relations
268(1)
Using Technology Using Technology to Facilitate Collection of Interview Data
269(1)
Criteria for Evaluating Qualitative Research
269(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Planning the Logistics of a Qualitative Study
270(2)
CHECKLIST: Pinning Down the Methodology of a Qualitative Study
271(1)
A Sample Dissertation
272(4)
For Further Reading
276(1)
Answers to the Conceptual Analysis Exercise "Choosing a Qualitative Research Design"
277(1)
Chapter 10 Historical Research
278(13)
Using Technology Data Sources in Historical Research
278(4)
Collecting Historical Records
282(1)
Using Technology Online Databases for Historical Events
282(1)
Using Technology PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Handling Historical Data Systematically
283(1)
Evaluating and Interpreting Historical Data
283(1)
External Evidence
283(1)
Internal Evidence
283(2)
Psychological or Conceptual Historical Research
285(1)
Searching for Roots
285(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Historical Research Writing
285(1)
GUIDELINES: Writing the Historical Research Report
285(1)
A Sample Dissertation
286(4)
For Further Reading
290(1)
Chapter 11 Analyzing Qualitative Data
291(20)
Qualitative Analysis Strategies
292(1)
General Strategies for Organizing and Analyzing Qualitative Data
292(5)
Creswell's Data Analysis Spiral
297(1)
An Example: Data Analysis in a Grounded Theory Study
297(2)
An Example: Data Analysis in a Content Analysis Study
299(2)
Using Technology PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Using Computer Databases to Facilitate Data Organization and Analysis
300(1)
Acknowledging the Role of Researcher-as-Instrument in Qualitative Research
301(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Planning Data Analysis for a Qualitative Study
302(2)
CHECKLIST: Pinning Down the Data Analysis in a Qualitative Study
302(2)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Observing How Experienced Researchers Have Conducted Qualitative Research
304(1)
CHECKLIST: Evaluating a Qualitative Study
304(1)
A Sample Dissertation
305(5)
For Further Reading
310(1)
PART V Mixed-Methods Research
Chapter 12 Mixed-Methods Designs
311(18)
When Mixed-Methods Designs Are Most Useful and Appropriate
312(1)
Common Mixed-Methods Designs
312(1)
Convergent Designs
313(1)
Embedded Designs
313(1)
Exploratory Designs
313(1)
Explanatory Designs
313(1)
Multiphase Iterative Designs
313(1)
Common Symbolic Notations for Mixed-Methods Designs
314(1)
CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS EXERCISE: Identifying Mixed-Methods Research Designs
315(1)
Planning a Mixed-Methods Study
316(1)
Identifying Research Questions and Hypotheses
316(1)
Conducting the Literature Review
317(1)
Choosing One or More Appropriate Samples
317(1)
Addressing Validity Concerns
318(1)
Special Ethical Considerations in Mixed-Methods Research
319(1)
Analyzing and Interpreting Mixed-Methods Data
319(2)
Using Technology PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Using Computer Software to Facilitate Mixed-Methods Data Analysis
321(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Deciding Whether to Use a Mixed-Methods Design
321(1)
CHECKLIST: Pinning Down the Logistics and Feasibility of a Mixed-Methods Study
321(1)
Systematic Reviews of Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Studies
322(2)
A Sample Dissertation
324(4)
For Further Reading
328(1)
Answers to the Conceptual Analysis Exercise "Identifying Mixed-Methods Research Designs"
328(1)
PART VI Research Reports
Chapter 13 Planning and Preparing a Final Research Report
329(25)
Getting Started
329(1)
Using Technology Surfing the Internet for Writing Assistance
330(1)
Learn by Looking
330(1)
Essential Elements of a Research Report
331(1)
Explanation of the Research Problem
331(1)
Description of Methods
332(1)
Description of the Data and Data Analyses
332(1)
Interpretation of the Data
333(2)
Identification of Possible Weaknesses of the Study
335(1)
Summary and Connections to a Broader Context
335(1)
Maintaining Your Academic Integrity
335(1)
Front Matter and End Matter
336(1)
Preliminary Pages
336(1)
Endnotes and Footnotes
337(3)
Using Technology Reference List
337(3)
Appendix Content
340(1)
Organizing a Research Report
340(2)
Writing---and Finishing!---A Report
342(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Writing Your Final Report
342(2)
GUIDELINES: Writing a Clear, Coherent Report
343(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Developing a Writing Schedule
344(2)
GUIDELINES: Pinning Down and Adhering to a Workable Schedule
345(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Critiquing a Final Research Report
346(2)
CHECKLIST: Criteria for Critiquing a Research Report
346(2)
Beyond the Unpublished Research Report: Presenting and Publishing
348(1)
Conference Presentations
348(1)
PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Presenting Your Research at a Professional Conference
349(1)
GUIDELINES: Presenting an Effective Paper or Poster
349(1)
Journal Articles
350(1)
Sharing Authorship
351(1)
Responding to Reviewers' Critiques
351(1)
A Closing Thought
352(1)
For Further Reading
352(2)
APPENDICES
Appendix A Using a Spreadsheet: Microsoft Excel
354(7)
Using Technology Using Excel to Keep Track of Literature Resources
354(2)
Using Excel to Record and Recode Data
356(3)
Reorganizing Data in Excel
359(1)
Using Excel to Perform Simple Statistical Analyses
359(2)
Appendix B Using SPSS
361(6)
Using Technology Creating a Data Set
361(2)
Computing Basic Descriptive Statistics
363(1)
Computing Inferential Statistics
364(3)
Glossary 367(6)
References 373(5)
Index 378