Series editors' preface |
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xvii | |
Acknowledgements |
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xix | |
How to use this book |
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xxiii | |
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1 | (144) |
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Unit A1 The origins of pragmatics |
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3 | (8) |
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A1.1 Definition and delimitation of pragmatics |
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3 | (2) |
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A1.2 Pragmatics and the relationship to other disciplines |
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5 | (1) |
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A1.3 Speaker meaning and sentence meaning |
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6 | (1) |
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A1.4 Context and function |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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A1.6 Pragmatics and methodology |
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9 | (1) |
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A1.7 Challenges for the future |
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9 | (2) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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10 | (1) |
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Unit A2 Research methods in pragmatics |
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11 | (13) |
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A2.1 Data collection and the observer's paradox |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (4) |
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A2.2.1 Authentic data - written |
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12 | (1) |
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A2.2.2 Authentic data - spoken |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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A2.2.3 The hybridity issue |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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A2.2.4.1 Discourse completion tasks |
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15 | (1) |
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A2.2.4.2 Role-play (and role-enactment) |
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15 | (1) |
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A2.3 Evidence in pragmatic research |
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16 | (1) |
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A2.4 Transcribing spoken language |
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17 | (3) |
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A2.5 Corpus pragmatics: combining quantitative and qualitative analyses |
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20 | (4) |
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A2.5.1 Searching a corpus for pragmatic phenomena |
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20 | (1) |
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A2.5.2 Using POS and syntactic annotation to investigate pragmatic phenomena |
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21 | (1) |
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A2.5.3 Pragmatic annotation |
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21 | (1) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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22 | (2) |
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Unit A3 The semantic-pragmatic interface |
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24 | (11) |
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A3.1 The meaning of meaning in pragmatics |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (4) |
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A3.3.1 Deixis and attitudinal orientation: some case studies |
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28 | (2) |
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30 | (2) |
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A3.4.1 Presuppositions and our knowledge of the world |
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31 | (1) |
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A3.5 Grice's enduring influence |
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32 | (3) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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34 | (1) |
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Unit A4 Speech acts: doing things with words |
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35 | (12) |
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A4.1 Austin's Performatives |
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35 | (2) |
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A4.1.1 Explicit and implicit performatives |
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36 | (1) |
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A4.1.2 A full-blown theory of action |
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37 | (1) |
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A4.2 Searle's theory of speech acts |
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37 | (3) |
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A4.2.1 A typology of speech acts |
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39 | (1) |
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A4.3 Criticizing speech act theory |
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40 | (1) |
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A4.4 Direct and indirect speech acts |
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41 | (3) |
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A4.4.1 Asking someone to do something |
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43 | (1) |
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A4.5 Speech acts as routines |
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44 | (3) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (15) |
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A5.1 Meaning more than `what is said' |
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47 | (6) |
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A5.1.1 Conventional and conversational implicatures |
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48 | (1) |
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A5.1.2 MeaningN and meaningNN |
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49 | (2) |
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A5.1.3 Grice's Cooperative Principle and the conversational maxims |
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51 | (1) |
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A5.1.4 Ways of breaking the maxims |
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51 | (2) |
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A5.2 Rethinking Grice: Neo-Gricean pragmatics |
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53 | (5) |
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A5.2.1 Leech's (1983) expansionist approach |
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54 | (1) |
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A5.2.2 Horn's (1984) reductionist approach |
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54 | (1) |
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A5.2.3 Levinson's (1995, 2000) revisionist approach |
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55 | (3) |
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A5.3 Sperber and Wilson's post-Gricean pragmatics |
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58 | (1) |
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A5.4 The role of S and H in meaning making |
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59 | (3) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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60 | (2) |
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Unit A6 Pragmatics and discourse |
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62 | (12) |
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A6.1 Categorizing discourse structure: two seminal approaches |
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62 | (2) |
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A6.2 Sacks, Schegloff and Jefferson (1974) |
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64 | (1) |
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A6.3 Sequential organization and turn-taking |
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65 | (6) |
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67 | (1) |
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A6.3.2 Preference organization |
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68 | (1) |
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A6.3.3 Openings and closings |
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69 | (2) |
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A6.4 Discourse structure in institutional settings |
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71 | (3) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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72 | (2) |
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Unit A7 Pragmatic markers |
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74 | (10) |
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A7.1 What are pragmatic markers? |
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75 | (1) |
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A7.2 Delimiting pragmatic markers |
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75 | (1) |
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A7.3 Typical characteristics of pragmatic markers |
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76 | (2) |
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A7.4 Pragmatic markers and function |
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78 | (2) |
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A7.5 Pragmatic markers and text-type |
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80 | (1) |
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A7.6 Pragmatic markers and sociolinguistic variation |
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81 | (3) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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82 | (2) |
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Unit A8 Pragmatics, facework and im/politeness |
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84 | (12) |
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84 | (1) |
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A8.2 Brown and Levinson's linguistic politeness model |
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85 | (2) |
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A8.3 Criticisms of the model |
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87 | (1) |
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A8.4 Leech's politeness model |
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88 | (2) |
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A8.5 Culpeper's (1996) `anatomy of impoliteness' |
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90 | (1) |
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A8.6 Criticisms of - and revisions to - Culpeper's approach |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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A8.8 Extending impoliteness models to capture verbal aggression |
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93 | (1) |
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A8.9 Facework and im/politeness: the postmodern perspective |
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94 | (2) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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95 | (1) |
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Unit A9 Pragmatics, prosody and gesture |
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96 | (14) |
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97 | (1) |
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A9.2 Prosody and information structure |
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98 | (2) |
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A9.3 Prosody, speech acts and implicature |
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100 | (3) |
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A9.4 Intonation and social rituals |
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103 | (1) |
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A9.5 Intonation and discourse markers |
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104 | (1) |
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A9.6 Intonation and conversation management |
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105 | (1) |
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A9.7 Body language: gesture, gaze and proximity |
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106 | (2) |
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A9.8 Teaching the pragmatics of prosody |
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108 | (2) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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108 | (2) |
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Unit A10 Cross-cultural pragmatics |
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110 | (9) |
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A10.1 Speech acts and indirectness |
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110 | (1) |
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A10.2 Pragmalinguistic or sociopragmatic failure: what is going wrong? |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (2) |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (2) |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (2) |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (2) |
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A10.6.1 Pitch height and range |
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117 | (1) |
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A10.6.2 Non-verbal communication |
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118 | (1) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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118 | (1) |
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Unit A11 Historical pragmatics |
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119 | (11) |
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A11.1 The need to know one's data - and also `know' what we do not know |
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119 | (1) |
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A11.2 Exploring `pragmatic noise' in times past |
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120 | (1) |
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A11.3 Historical pragmatics: approaches and principles |
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121 | (1) |
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A11.4 Fuzziness approach to speech act research: insulting as a case study |
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122 | (3) |
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A11.5 Exploring facework: `you'/'thou' and other address formulae |
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125 | (3) |
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125 | (2) |
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127 | (1) |
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A11.6 Grammaticalization: `goodbye' and `(God) bless you' |
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128 | (2) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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129 | (1) |
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Unit A12 Pragmatics and power |
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130 | (15) |
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131 | (1) |
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A12.2 CDA investigations: what makes them critical? |
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132 | (1) |
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A12.3 Do pragmatic investigations of `power' constitute a `critical pragmatics'? |
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133 | (1) |
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A12.4 Pragmatic investigations of `power in talk': the courtroom |
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134 | (2) |
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A12.5 Pragmatic investigations of `power in talk': police interaction |
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136 | (1) |
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A12.6 Pragmatic investigations of `power in talk': political interviews |
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137 | (2) |
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A12.7 Pragmatic investigations of `power in talk': doctor-patient interactions |
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139 | (3) |
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A12.8 Power, talk and the workplace: a snapshot |
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142 | (3) |
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Summary and looking ahead |
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143 | (2) |
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145 | (106) |
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Unit B1 The origins of pragmatics |
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147 | (7) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (2) |
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149 | (5) |
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152 | (2) |
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Unit B2 Research methods in pragmatics |
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154 | (8) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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B2.3 Van der Henst and Sperber (2004) |
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156 | (3) |
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159 | (3) |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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Unit B3 The semantic-pragmatic interface |
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162 | (8) |
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162 | (1) |
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162 | (3) |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (3) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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Unit B4 Speech acts: doing things with words |
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170 | (9) |
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170 | (1) |
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B4.2 Manes and Wolfson (1981) |
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170 | (3) |
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173 | (2) |
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B4.4 Eisenstein and Bodman (1993) |
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175 | (4) |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (8) |
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179 | (1) |
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179 | (2) |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (5) |
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186 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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Unit B6 Pragmatics and the structure of discourse |
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187 | (10) |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (3) |
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190 | (2) |
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192 | (5) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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Unit B7 Pragmatic markers |
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197 | (10) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (3) |
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200 | (3) |
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203 | (4) |
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205 | (1) |
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205 | (2) |
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Unit B8 Pragmatics, facework and im/politeness |
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207 | (10) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (3) |
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211 | (1) |
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B8.4 Culpeper, Bousfield and Wichmann (2003) |
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212 | (5) |
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216 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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Unit B9 Prosody: intonation |
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217 | (8) |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (3) |
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222 | (3) |
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224 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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Unit B10 Cross-cultural pragmatics |
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225 | (7) |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (2) |
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229 | (3) |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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Unit B11 Historical pragmatics |
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232 | (10) |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (3) |
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235 | (2) |
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B11.4 Taavitsainen and Jucker (2008b) |
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237 | (5) |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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242 | (9) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (3) |
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247 | (4) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (45) |
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Unit C1 Choosing, transcribing and annotating a dataset |
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253 | (5) |
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C1.1 Using internet sources to create a corpus |
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253 | (1) |
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C1.2 Designing and using a discourse completion task |
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254 | (1) |
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255 | (1) |
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C1.4 Annotating a corpus for pragmatic information |
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256 | (2) |
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257 | (1) |
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Unit C2 Exploring routinized speech acts using corpora |
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258 | (6) |
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C2.1 Comparing compliments across varieties of English |
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258 | (1) |
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C2.2 Responding to compliments |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (3) |
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C2.4.1 Examples of thanking |
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261 | (2) |
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C2.5 Ways of saying thank you |
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263 | (1) |
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Unit C3 Testing for implicatures |
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264 | (5) |
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C3.1 GCIs - nonce or generalized? |
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264 | (2) |
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266 | (1) |
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C3.3 Requests about the time |
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267 | (2) |
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Unit C4 The organization of discourse structure |
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269 | (6) |
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270 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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C4.5 Questions in institutional settings |
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273 | (2) |
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Unit C5 Pragmatic markers: further explorations |
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275 | (3) |
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C5.1 Prototypical features of pragmatic markers |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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C5.3 The social function of pragmatic markers |
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276 | (2) |
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Unit C6 Facework and im/politeness |
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278 | (6) |
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C6.1 Using corpora to study facework and im/politeness |
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278 | (3) |
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C6.2 Facework, politicians and the media |
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281 | (1) |
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C6.3 Using Leech (1983) to explain impoliteness/face damage in political interviews |
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281 | (3) |
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Unit C7 Prosody and non-verbal communication |
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284 | (4) |
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C7.1 Paralinguistic effects |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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C7.4 Reported speech and mimicry |
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286 | (1) |
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C7.5 Response tokens and vocalizations |
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287 | (1) |
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Unit C8 Cross-cultural and intercultural pragmatics |
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288 | (3) |
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288 | (1) |
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C8.2 Directives (in British and American English) |
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289 | (1) |
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C8.3 Implications for teaching and learning |
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290 | (1) |
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291 | (5) |
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C9.1 Investigating othering in a political context |
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291 | (1) |
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C9.2 War, metaphors, politics and the media |
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292 | (2) |
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C9.3 Exploring issues of framing |
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294 | (2) |
References |
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296 | (23) |
Index |
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319 | |