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Pre-Calculus, Calculus, and Beyond [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 454 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 800 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Dec-2020
  • Kirjastus: American Mathematical Society
  • ISBN-10: 147045677X
  • ISBN-13: 9781470456771
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 454 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 800 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Dec-2020
  • Kirjastus: American Mathematical Society
  • ISBN-10: 147045677X
  • ISBN-13: 9781470456771
Teised raamatud teemal:
This is the last of three volumes that, together, give an exposition of the mathematics of grades 912 that is simultaneously mathematically correct and grade-level appropriate. The volumes are consistent with CCSSM (Common Core State Standards for Mathematics) and aim at presenting the mathematics of K12 as a totally transparent subject.

This volume distinguishes itself from others of the same genre in getting the mathematics right. In trigonometry, this volume makes explicit the fact that the trigonometric functions cannot even be defined without the theory of similar triangles. It also provides details for extending the domain of definition of sine and cosine to all real numbers. It explains as well why radians should be used for angle measurements and gives a proof of the conversion formulas between degrees and radians.

In calculus, this volume pares the technicalities concerning limits down to the essential minimum to make the proofs of basic facts about differentiation and integration both correct and accessible to school teachers and educators; the exposition may also benefit beginning math majors who are learning to write proofs. An added bonus is a correct proof that one can get a repeating decimal equal to a given fraction by the long division of the numerator by the denominator. This proof attends to all three things all at once: what an infinite decimal is, why it is equal to the fraction, and how long division enters the picture.

This book should be useful for current and future teachers of K12 mathematics, as well as for some high school students and for education professionals.
Contents of the Companion Volumes and Structure of the
Chapters
ix
Preface xi
To the Instructor xix
To the Pre-Service Teacher xxxiii
Prerequisites xxxvii
Some Conventions xxxix
Chapter 1 Trigonometry
1(102)
1.1 Sine and cosine
2(5)
1.2 The unit circle
7(25)
1.3 Basic facts
32(9)
1.4 The addition formulas
41(12)
1.5 Radians
53(17)
1.6 Multiplication of complex numbers
70(9)
1.7 Graphs of equations of degree 2, revisited
79(9)
1.8 Inverse trigonometric functions
88(10)
1.9 Epilogue
98(5)
Chapter 2 The Concept of Limit
103(64)
2.1 The real numbers and FASM
103(15)
2.2 The meaning of convergence
118(16)
2.3 Basic properties of convergent sequences
134(12)
2.4 First consequences of the least upper bound axiom
146(9)
2.5 The existence of positive n-th roots
155(8)
2.6 Fundamental theorem of similarity
163(4)
Chapter 3 The Decimal Expansion of a Number
167(42)
3.1 Decimals and infinite series
167(6)
3.2 Repeating decimals
173(9)
3.3 The decimal expansion of a real number
182(8)
3.4 The decimal expansion of a fraction
190(10)
3.5 More on infinite series
200(9)
Chapter 4 Length and Area
209(56)
Overview of
Chapters 4 and 5
209(2)
4.1 Fundamental principles of geometric measurements
211(5)
4.2 Length
216(8)
4.3 Rectifiable curves
224(5)
4.4 Area of rectangles and the Pythagorean theorem
229(8)
4.5 Areas of triangles and polygons
237(11)
4.6 Areas of disks and circumferences of circles
248(5)
4.7 The general concept of area
253(12)
Chapter 5 3-Dimensional Geometry and Volume
265(20)
5.1 Comments about three dimensions
265(5)
5.2 Cavalieri's principle
270(2)
5.3 General remarks on volume
272(6)
5.4 Volume of a sphere
278(4)
5.5 Pedagogical comments
282(3)
Chapter 6 Derivatives and Integrals
285(78)
6.1 Continuity
285(11)
6.2 Basic theorems on continuous functions
296(12)
6.3 The derivative
308(6)
6.4 The mean value theorem
314(14)
6.5 Integrals of continuous functions
328(12)
6.6 The fundamental theorem of calculus
340(5)
6.7 Appendix. The trigonometric functions
345(18)
Chapter 7 Exponents and Logarithms, Revisited
363(20)
7.1 Logarithm as an integral
364(4)
7.2 The exponential function
368(4)
7.3 The laws of exponents
372(6)
7.4 Other exponential and logarithmic functions
378(5)
Appendix: Facts from the Companion Volumes 383(14)
Glossary of Symbols 397(4)
Bibliography 401(4)
Index 405
Hung-Hsi Wu, University of California, Berkeley, CA