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Principles of Fire Behavior 2nd edition [Kõva köide]

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(University of Maryland, College Park, USA)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 413 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 800 g, 43 Tables, black and white; 25 Illustrations, color; 212 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-Aug-2016
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1498735622
  • ISBN-13: 9781498735629
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Principles of Fire Behavior 2nd editionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 413 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 800 g, 43 Tables, black and white; 25 Illustrations, color; 212 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-Aug-2016
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1498735622
  • ISBN-13: 9781498735629
Teised raamatud teemal:
Teised raamatud sellest sooduspakkumisest: Taylor & Francis teadusraamatud International Student Editions hindadega
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781498735629.html
Märksõnad:

This book covers the four forms of fire: diffusion flames, smoldering, spontaneous combustion, and premixed flames. Using a quantitative approach, the text presents an ideal introduction to the scientific principles behind fire behavior. Individual sections thoroughly discuss such vital issues as heat transfer, ignition, flame spread, fire plumes, and heat flux as a damage variable. Formulas help students examine fire from a quantitative standpoint. While explaining the science of fire, the text applies that science to fire safety design and investigation.

Arvustused

"Principles of Fire Behavior is, by far, the best text on the subject for my students. While the material is difficult, my students complete the course having gained a deep, quantitative understanding of fire dynamics. They have the ability to communicate in the "language" of fire with other fire protection professionals - something that many of them would never have had the opportunity to achieve without studying this book." Glenn Corbett, John Jay College, CUNY, New York, New York, USA

"Dr.Quintiere has done a great job in expanding and updating the 2nd Edition of the Principles of Fire Behavior book. In the last couple of years, the field of fire science and research has expanded the focus from the laboratory to the fire scene giving emergency responders a better understanding of todays fires with the goal of minimizing losses and increasing safety. This book is an essential reference for engineers, architects and emergency responders in the field of fire and life safety." Todd Haines, Planning Chief/Fire Protection Engineer, Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport; Adjunct Professor, Kaplan University; Principal Consultant, Critical Risk Group LLC, USA

"This second edition by Prof. Quintiere provides a very thorough coverage of fire science with several enhancements over the first edition. This new edition will without a doubt become an important textbook both for students and practitioners of fire safety and process safety management. This book is particularly well documented and includes extensive historical examples. The scientific presentation of fire and combustion science is comprehensive." Jacques Dugué, TOTAL Refining & Chemicals

Preface xv
Acknowledgments xvii
Acronyms xix
Nomenclature xxi
1 Evolution of Fire Science 1(32)
Learning Objectives
1(1)
1.1 Introduction
1(2)
1.2 What Is Fire?
3(1)
1.3 Natural Causes of Fire
4(5)
1.3.1 Lightning
4(1)
1.3.2 Earthquake
5(2)
1.3.3 Meteors
7(1)
1.3.4 Volcanoes
8(1)
1.3.5 Underground Fires
8(1)
1.4 Fire and War
9(1)
1.5 Fire in the United States and Abroad
10(10)
1.5.1 U.S. Statistics
10(3)
1.5.2 United States and the World
13(1)
1.5.3 U.S. Fire Prevention Infrastructure
13(2)
1.5.4 Motivation for Improvement
15(1)
1.5.5 Flammability Tests
15(2)
1.5.6 Cost of Fire
17(3)
1.6 Fire Research
20(3)
1.6.1 Disciplines That Underlie Fire
20(1)
1.6.2 Computer Simulations and Physics
20(1)
1.6.3 Brief History of Fire Science
21(2)
1.7 Visualization of Fire Phenomena
23(2)
1.8 Scientific Language
25(4)
1.8.1 Units of Measure
25(3)
1.8.2 Symbols
28(1)
1.8.3 Scientific Notation
28(1)
1.9 Summary
29(1)
Review Questions
30(1)
Activities
30(1)
References
31(2)
2 Combustion in Natural Fires 33(40)
Learning Objectives
33(1)
2.1 Introduction
33(1)
2.2 Fire and Its Ingredients
34(5)
2.2.1 Typical Temperatures and Energy Levels to Achieve Combustion
34(2)
2.2.2 Fuel Chemistry
36(1)
2.2.3 Fire Triangle and Tetrahedron
36(1)
2.2.4 Combustion Time and Extent
37(1)
2.2.5 Types of Fire
38(1)
2.3 Diffusion Flames
39(17)
2.3.1 Candle Flame
43(5)
2.3.2 Anatomy of a Diffusion Flame
48(6)
2.3.3 Turbulent Diffusion Flames
54(2)
2.4 Premixed Flames
56(6)
2.4.1 Laminar Flame Propagation
57(2)
2.4.2 Flame Temperatures
59(2)
2.4.3 Turbulent Propagation to Detonation
61(1)
2.5 Smoldering
62(2)
2.6 Spontaneous Combustion
64(5)
2.7 Summary
69(1)
Review Questions
70(1)
True or False
70(1)
Activities
70(1)
References
71(2)
3 Heat Transfer 73(30)
Learning Objectives
73(1)
3.1 Introduction
73(1)
3.2 Definitions and Concepts
74(3)
3.3 Forms of Heat Transfer
77(16)
3.3.1 Conduction
78(3)
3.3.1.1 Steady
78(2)
3.3.1.2 Thermal Penetration Time
80(1)
3.3.2 Convection
81(3)
3.3.3 Radiation
84(9)
3.4 Heat Flux as an Indication of Damage
93(1)
3.5 Heat Flux Due to Smoke in Room Fires
94(4)
3.6 Heat Flux from Flames
98(1)
3.7 Summary
99(1)
Review Questions
99(1)
True or False
100(1)
Activities
100(1)
References
101(2)
4 Ignition 103(32)
Learning Objectives
103(1)
4.1 Introduction
103(1)
4.2 Piloted Ignition and Autoignition
104(1)
4.3 Evaporation in Liquids
104(2)
4.4 Liquid Fuels
106(4)
4.4.1 Piloted Ignition
107(1)
4.4.2 Autoignition
108(2)
4.5 Solid Fuels
110(4)
4.5.1 Ignition of Wood as an Example
111(1)
4.5.2 Ignition Temperature and Critical Heat Flux
112(2)
4.6 Time for Flaming Ignition
114(2)
4.7 Predicting the Ignition Time for Solid Fuels
116(8)
4.7.1 Ignition of Thin Objects
117(2)
4.7.2 Ignition of Thick Materials
119(5)
4.8 Solid Properties for Piloted Ignition
124(7)
4.9 Summary
131(1)
Review Questions
132(1)
True or False
132(1)
Activities
133(1)
References
133(2)
5 Flame Spread 135(30)
Learning Objectives
135(1)
5.1 Introduction
135(1)
5.2 Definitions
136(2)
5.3 General Flame Spread Theory
138(2)
5.4 Spread on Solid Surfaces
140(7)
5.4.1 Effect of Thickness
141(1)
5.4.2 Downward or Lateral Wall Spread on a Thick Material
142(3)
5.4.3 Upward or Wind-Aided Spread on a Thick Material
145(2)
5.5 Spread through Porous Solid Arrays
147(4)
5.6 Spread on Liquids
151(4)
5.7 Spread through a Dwelling
155(2)
5.8 Typical Fire Spread Rates
157(1)
5.9 Standard Test Methods
157(1)
5.10 Case Study: Fire Spread in a School Gymnasium
158(2)
5.11 Summary
160(1)
Review Questions
161(1)
True or False
161(1)
Activities
162(1)
References
162(3)
6 Burning Rate 165(48)
Learning Objectives
165(1)
6.1 Introduction
165(1)
6.2 Definitions and Theory
165(8)
6.2.1 Burning Mass Flux
167(1)
6.2.2 Heat of Gasification, L (kJ/g)
168(1)
6.2.3 Approximate Formula for Steady Burning
169(1)
6.2.4 Computing the Mass Burning Flux
170(1)
6.2.5 Unsteady Burning
171(1)
6.2.6 Difficulties in Computing Burning Rates
172(1)
6.2.7 Material Property Values for the Heat of Gasification
173(1)
6.3 Estimating Burning Mass Flux
173(7)
6.3.1 Example for a Burning Wall
175(1)
6.3.2 Pool Fires
176(2)
6.3.3 Maximum Burning Rates
178(2)
6.4 Energy Release Rate, Q
180(4)
6.4.1 Heat of Combustion, ΔHc
180(1)
6.4.2 Heat of Combustion of Wood
181(1)
6.4.3 Heats of Combustion of Materials
182(1)
6.4.4 Heat Release Parameter
182(2)
6.5 Estimating Energy Release Rate
184(3)
6.6 Experimental Firepower (HRR) Results for Selected Items
187(5)
6.7 Fire Growth Rate
192(14)
6.7.1 NFPA Design Categories
201(2)
6.7.2 Fire HRR of Item Constructed
203(3)
6.8 Vehicle Fire Behavior
206(1)
6.9 Extinction
207(2)
6.10 Summary
209(1)
Review Questions
209(1)
True or False
210(1)
Activities
210(1)
References
211(2)
7 Fire Plumes 213(30)
Learning Objectives
213(1)
7.1 Introduction
213(1)
7.2 Buoyancy and Fluid Dynamics
214(4)
7.3 Turbulent Fire Plumes and Jets
218(1)
7.4 Buoyant Plumes
219(2)
7.5 Flame Height
221(8)
7.5.1 Jet Flames
222(2)
7.5.2 Pool Fire Flames
224(5)
7.6 Fire Plume Temperatures
229(7)
7.6.1 Analyses to Predict the Plume Temperature
230(2)
7.6.2 Flame Height and Temperature Calculations
232(2)
7.6.3 Nature of Turbulent Flame Temperature
234(2)
7.7 Flame Lengths for Other Configurations
236(1)
7.8 Whirls and Balls
237(2)
7.9 Summary
239(1)
Review Questions
239(1)
True or False
240(1)
Activities
240(1)
References
241(2)
8 Combustion Products 243(24)
Learning Objectives
243(1)
8.1 Introduction
243(1)
8.2 Scope of Combustion Products
244(2)
8.3 Yields
246(5)
8.4 Concentrations
251(3)
8.5 Hazards
254(9)
8.5.1 Narcotic Gases
254(2)
8.5.2 Additive Fractional Incapacitation Doses
256(1)
8.5.3 Irritant Gases
257(1)
8.5.4 Smoke Visibility
258(3)
8.5.5 Heat Effects
261(2)
8.6 Summary
263(1)
Review Questions
263(1)
True or False
264(1)
Activities
264(1)
References
265(2)
9 Compartment Fires 267(52)
Learning Objectives
267(1)
9.1 Introduction
267(1)
9.2 Stages of Fire Development
268(5)
9.2.1 Developing Fire
269(1)
9.2.2 Flashover
270(1)
9.2.3 Fully Developed
270(2)
9.2.4 Cooling Stage
272(1)
9.2.5 Example of Measured Conditions in Room Fire
272(1)
9.3 Fire-Induced Flows
273(3)
9.3.1 Duct Fan Pressures in Fire
274(2)
9.3.2 Pressure Level Due to Fire
276(1)
9.4 Compartment Flow Dynamics
276(10)
9.4.1 Flow in a Room
276(3)
9.4.2 Smoke Filling in a Leaky Compartment
279(2)
9.4.3 Smoke Movement in a Building
281(5)
9.4.3.1 Corridors
282(2)
9.4.3.2 Vertical Shafts
284(2)
9.5 Single Room Fire Analyses
286(22)
9.5.1 Smoke Filling
287(1)
9.5.2 Smoldering Fire in a Closed Space
288(3)
9.5.3 Vent Flows
291(4)
9.5.4 Smoke Temperature
295(2)
9.5.5 Flashover
297(1)
9.5.6 Ventilation-Limited Fires
298(2)
9.5.7 Fully Developed Fire Size
300(15)
9.5.7.1 Model for Fuel Generation in a Compartment
302(1)
9.5.7.2 Fully Developed Compartment Fire Behavior
303(4)
9.5.7.3 Fuel Load and Burning Duration
307(1)
9.6 Anatomy of Fire Growth
308(6)
9.7 Summary
314(1)
Review Questions
315(1)
True or False
316(1)
Activities
316(1)
References
317(2)
10 Design, Investigation, and Case Studies 319(56)
Learning Objectives
319(1)
10.1 Introduction
319(1)
10.2 Fire Safety Design
320(8)
10.2.1 Examples in Design
323(4)
10.2.1.1 Example 1: Effect of Shaft Vents in a Building Fire
323(2)
10.2.1.2 Example 2: Smoke Movement in the World Trade Center, New York, New York
325(2)
10.2.2 Performance Codes
327(1)
10.3 Fire Investigation
328(38)
10.3.1 Dupont Plaza Fire
329(1)
10.3.2 Example 3: The Case of the Laundry Basket Fire
330(2)
10.3.3 Example 4: An Analysis of the Waldbaum Fire, Brooklyn, New York (August 3, 1978)
332(8)
10.3.3.1 Early Dawn: Ignition (Approximately 6 a.m.)
334(2)
10.3.3.2 Smoldering Stage
336(1)
10.3.3.3 Onset of Flaming: Shortly before 8:30 a.m.
337(1)
10.3.3.4 Fire Growth in the Cockloft
338(1)
10.3.3.5 Collapse of the Roof due to Truss Member Failure — 9:15 a.m.
339(1)
10.3.3.6 Concluding Remarks
339(1)
10.3.4 Example 5: The Branch Davidian Fire near Waco, Texas (April 19,1993)
340(14)
10.3.4.1 Congressional Committee Statement on the Mount Carmel Branch Davidian Fire (April 19, 1995)
342(9)
10.3.4.2 Follow-Up to Waco
351(1)
10.3.4.3 Scientific Analyses of Some Aspects of the Waco Fire
351(3)
10.3.5 Patterns
354(5)
10.3.5.1 Soot Patterns
355(1)
10.3.5.2 Clean Burn Pattern
356(1)
10.3.5.3 The Hands of Time in a Fire
357(1)
10.3.5.4 Gasoline versus Fire Damage
357(2)
10.3.6 World Trade Center Terrorism and Fire (9/11)
359(7)
10.3.6.1 Investigative Efforts
360(2)
10.3.6.2 Role of the Jet Fuel
362(1)
10.3.6.3 Fuel Load for the Fire
362(1)
10.3.6.4 Fire Effect on the Structure
363(2)
10.3.6.5 Afterthoughts on WTC
365(1)
10.4 Computer Fire Models
366(4)
10.4.1 Zone Models
366(3)
10.4.2 Field Models
369(1)
10.5 Summary
370(1)
Review Questions
371(1)
Activities
371(1)
References
372(3)
Appendix: Mathematics of Science 375(22)
Glossary 397(8)
Index 405
Dr. James Quintiere received his PhD from New York University in 1970, and is currently Professor Emeritus, Department of Fire Protection, at the University of Maryland in College Park. He has over thirty years of experience in fire research and teaching, and has written the popular textbook PRINCIPLES OF FIRE BEHAVIOR, and co-authored ENCLOSURE FIRE DYNAMICS with Bjorn Karlsson. He has investigated numerous fire disasters, including the Branch Davidian Compound fire in Waco, Texas, and the 1986 New Years Eve DuPont Plaza fire in Puerto Rico. His testimony during the civil trial on the Waco tragedy was pivotal to the jurys conclusion that the fires were not the result of federal authorities actions. Dr. Quintiere is the author of more than 75 journal publications and reports, and is the past chair, International Association for Fire Safety Science. He is also the recipient of the Department of Commerce Bronze Medal (1976) and Silver Medal (1982).